[Using "Collegel" complex in combined therapy of rectum cancer].

The method of drug delivery to the site of lesion is an important component of drug effectiveness. To maximize the effectiveness of drugs LLC "Koletex" has developed and brought into practice the drug, "Collegel" for directed drug delivery. Hydrogel based composition "Collegel" is biopolymer consists of sodium alginate.

[Effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy of locally advanced rectal cancer in conjunction with local hyperthermia and metronidazole].

Our study included 36 patients with hard fixed rectal tumors (T3, T4) who had received combined treatment at the Center's Clinics. On irrigoscopic evidence, lesions were more than 10 cm long. Radiotherapy was conducted thrice a week, STD of 4 Gy--TTD of 40 Gy; capecitabine, per os, 650 mg/m2 twice a day, days 1-22; oxaliplatin, 50 mg/m2, intravenously, days 3, 10 and 17; metronidazole in polymer composition, intrarectally, 10 mg/m2, twice, days 12 and 17 of radiotherapy; local hyperthermia (the <> installation), 460 mHz, 41-45 deg.

[New technologies in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal].

Purpose Of The Study: The development of the rectum preservation treatment for the squamous-cell carcinoma of the anal canal.

Materials And Methods: The following scheme of the rectum preservation treatment for the squamous-cell carcinoma of the anal canal was developed and has been used in the Cancer Research Center RAMS since 1995. The irradiation is performed to the small pelvis, perineum and ilioinguinal lymph nodes, at a single dose 2 Gy, 22 sessions, total dose 44 Gy.

[Polyradiomodification as component of combined treatment of rectal cancer: rationale and results].

The report discusses our 30-year experience with surgical and combined treatment of rectal cancer. In cases of preoperative radiotherapy, loco-regional frequency of relapse dropped to 9.6% as compared with surgery (16.

[Surgical treatment of patients with colorectal cancer and severe concurrent cardio-vascular diseases].

The study population comprised 14 patients, operated on account of colon cancer (n=2), sigmoid cancer (n=1), rectal cancer (n=6), synchronous rectal and prostatic cancer (n=1) and lung (n=1) and liver (n=2) colon cancer metastases. The diagnosed concurrent cardiovascular pathology was: coronary heart disease (n=8), valve disease (n=2), aortic aneurism (n=2), coronary heart disease combined with aortic aneurism (n=2). Simultaneous operations were performed in 3 patients, 11 patients were operated on consecutively.

[Combined treatment for rectal cancer using different radiomodification means].

The paper presents an evaluation of the results of surgical and combined treatment received by 961 patients at the Center's Clinics within 28 years. The analysis was based on 3 protocols of prospective randomized study. It dealt with assessment of the end results of surgical and combined treatment for operable rectal cancer using one preoperative hyperfractonated STD of 5-25 Gy.

[Detection of genetic mutations in clinical specimens from cancer patients: comparison of NIRCA and SSCP scanning methods].

Specimens of tumor with K-RAS mutations were used to compare SSCP and NIRCA efficiencies in screening long target regions for dispersed point mutations. K-RAS mutations were detected in 5 out of 10 tumor tissue samples from colorectal cancer patients (in codon 12-4 and codon 13-1). Mutant alleles occurred most frequently in adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon and rectum.

[Use of combined treatment of rectal cancer involving metastases to regional lymph nodes].

Use of combined pre- and intraoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer involving metastases to regional lymph nodes failed to lower incidence of loco-regional recurrences or improve 5-year results, as compared with pre-operative radiotherapy alone. Besides, distant metastasis rates remained rather high (ca.30%).

[Preoperative thermoradiotherapy in the combined treatment of rectal tumors is the inferior ampullar segmentŏ].

Data on the examination of 260 radically-treated patients with rectal tumors in the inferior ampullar segment are presented. 107 patients received surgery alone, another 75--preoperative radiotherapy, while still another 78--preoperative thermoradiotherapy. Combined treatment of stage III tumors significantly reduced recurrence incidence and was followed by significant increase in recurrence-free survival rates.

[Adjuvant radiotherapy in the combined treatment of rectal cancer].

Radiotherapy was given postoperatively to 37 out of 81 patients with metastases into the regional lymph nodes (stage C after Dukes) to prevent relapse. All the patients had undergone radical surgery. No significant decrease in relapse incidence could be achieved unless an absorbed dose of 40 Gy was received postoperatively.

[Definition, classification and combined treatment of locally invasive rectal neoplasms].

From analysis of 490 case records of patients with stage IV A rectal carcinoma, 3 groups of patients were distinguished according to the size of the tumor and the degree of its fixation to the surrounding tissues and growth into the adjacent organs. Such locally spread tumors of the rectum must be subjected to combined treatment: preoperative large-fractional radiotherapy in concurrent local SHF-hyperthermia followed by operation 24-48 hours later. If resectability of the tumor is doubtful, a relieving colostoma is formed in the first stage and distance gammatherapy is applied in a dose of 4 Gy twice a week to a total dose of 32 Gy auring medication with metronidazole and local SHF-therapy.

[An assessment of the efficacy of preoperative radio- and thermoradiotherapy in treating rectal cancer].

Immediate results of combined and surgical treatment of 415 patients with stage III rectal cancer were analysed. Combined treatment including intensive preoperative irradiation and preoperative thermoradiotherapy was not associated with higher postoperative lethality as compared to surgery alone, the indexes being 1.9 +/- 0.

[Combined treatment of rectal cancer using intensive macrofractional preoperative irradiation].

The article discusses the results of a cooperative randomized study according to evaluation of the efficacy of combined treatment in 451 patients among which 248 patients received an intensive course of macrofractional irradiation in cumulative local dose of--25 Gr. Intensive macrofractional irradiation increases neither the frequency of postoperative complications nor the mortality rate. At the same time, the combined method of treatment leads to a significant reduction in the frequency of a recurrent tumor and an increase in 5-year survival, particularly among patients with a stage III tumorous process.

[Combination therapy of rectal cancer using 198Au].

The authors analyzed the results of therapy of 2 groups of patients with stage I-III rectal cancer. Combined therapy of 92 patients included preoperative large fractional radiotherapy at a total focal dose of 20-25 Gy, radical operation and i.v.

[Management of the perineal wound in the postoperative treatment of patients with cancer of the rectum].

The material showing causes of the appearance of purulent complications of the perineum would after extirpation of the rectum for cancer is presented. The pathogenes of the purulent infection were found to be polyresistant staphylococcus and gram-negative intestinal flora in most cases. The authors recommend using antibiotic therapy directly at the time of performing the operation, good drainage of the postoperative wound, irradiation of the postoperative wound by a laser radiation of a harmless intensity.

[Effectiveness of combined and complex treatment of patients with operable cancer of the rectum].

Three hundred and eleven cases of rectal cancer received treatment according to the protocol of a cooperative randomized study. Preoperative irradiation improved three-year survival rates, particularly, in node-negative patients. In node-positive patients, frequency of relapse dropped from 30.

[Combination treatment of rectal cancer using 2 variants of preoperative concentration gamma therapy].

The paper is concerned with the results of a randomized study of 154 patients with rectal cancer. Of these, 76 were on combination therapy and 78 underwent surgical treatment alone. Preoperative gamma-therapy was given from open fields at a single dose of 4-5 Gy with a summary dose of 20-25 Gy, or by using a grid diaphragm at a single dose of 10 Gy up to a summary dose of 50 Gy.