[Cytokines as agents for the early pathogenetic therapy of radiation injuries. Their efficacy and mechanism of action].

It has been shown in experiments with three species of laboratory animals that an early administration (during the first hours following irradiation) of human recombinant interleukins 1 alpha and 1 beta separately (to mice, rats) or in combination with antibiotic therapy (dogs) substantially increases survivability, favours a more rapid regeneration of the cellular content of the bone marrow and peripheral blood, intensifies the processes of endogenous colony formation and DNA synthesis in the bone marrow and liver and lowers the expressivity of radiation-induced endotoxemia. The significance of using cytokines in the system of remedial measures in radiation pathology is discussed.

[The prevention and pharmacological correction of body functional disorders from exposure to the extreme factors of large-scale radiation accidents].

The experience of Chernobyl's disaster response showed the necessity of adaptation of troops radiative protection medical system to the conditions of peacetime. The article describes the tests working out the optimal use scheme of time-table medical means of protection under conditions of large-scale radiative accidents. The state of neuropsychic activity, cardiovascular, respiratory, hemopoietic, immune and other body systems have been studied, perspective ways of drug application as means of body resistance increase under such conditions have been estimated.

[Experimental study of the effectiveness of interleukin-1beta in radiation injury].

The experiments on mice exposed to radiation (6.5 Gy, LD 80/30) discovered that human recombinant interleukin-1 beta after administration on postradiation hour 1-3 increased the animals' survival by 40-70%. Interleukin-1 beta reduced leukopenia and enhanced the recovery of bone marrow cell elements.

[Early radiation-induced toxemia and effectiveness of its correction with aminodez and gluconeodez].

The experiments on irradiated rats (LD90/30) and dogs (LD70/45) have shown that three administrations of aminodez or gluconeodez in a dose 10 mg/kg (3, 24 and 48 hours after the exposure) lowered radiotoxins levels (malonic dialdehyde, middle-molecular peptides), promoted stabilization of cellular membranes, enhanced activity of the body's detoxicating systems. In irradiated rats early detoxicating therapy with aminodez and gluconeodez raised survival by 40%.

[Experimental study of therapeutic efficacy of plasmapheresis in acute radiation injury].

In experiments with dogs exposed to 2.9 Gy (LD80/45) it was found that plasmapheresis treatment 4-6 h after irradiation reduce the severity of the radiation sickness clinical manifestations and post-radiation toxemia thus increasing the rate of animal survival up to 60%. Sham plasmapheresis included all the manipulations of plasmapheretic treatment except plasma substitution and had no detoxication effect and did not affect the irradiated animals survival.