Remineralizing Potential of Clinpro and Tooth Mousse Plus on Artificial Carious Lesions.

Background: Calcium phosphate and fluoride (F) delivery systems claim to facilitate enamel remineralization.

Aim: To evaluate and compare (i) the remineralizing potential of Clinpro Tooth Crème(CTC) and Tooth Mousse Plus(TMP) on artificial carious lesions, and (ii) the benefit of 1000ppm F dentifrice prior to the application of CTC and TMP.

Study Design: Carious lesions, 200-300μm deep were produced by placing molars in demineralizing solution for 96h, sections 100-150μm thick were then randomly assigned to six groups(n=150).

Remineralizing potential of a 60-s in vitro application of Tooth Mousse Plus.

Background: No published studies exist on the remineralizing potential of Tooth Mousse Plus (TMP) when applied for less than 3 min.

Aim: To evaluate (i) the remineralizing potential of TMP on artificial carious lesions, when applied thrice daily for 60 s, and (ii) the benefit of using a fluoridated dentifrice prior to TMP application.

Design: Carious lesions, 120-200 μm deep, were produced by placing molars in demineralizing solution for 96 h, and sections 100-150 μm thick were then randomly assigned to four groups.

Remineralizing potential of CPP-ACP applied for 1 min in vitro.

Aim: To evaluate (1) the remineralizing potential of Tooth Mousse(®) (TM) on artificial carious lesions, when applied for 1 min, and (2) the benefit of a fluoridated dentifrice prior to TM application.

Methods: Demineralisation caries-like lesions 120-200 μm deep were produced by placing molars in demineralizing solution for 96 h, sections 100-150 μm thick were then randomly assigned to four groups. Specimens were treated thrice daily with a non-fluoridated (Group A), or fluoridated dentifrice (1000 ppm) (Group B), or TM (Group C), or a fluoridated dentifrice followed by TM (Group D) then subjected to a 10-day pH cycling model.

Orofacial viral infections--an update for clinicians.

Unlabelled: Orofacial viral infections may be less common but appear in different clinical forms. Often these infections get initially treated by antibiotics which obviously will have limited or no effect. The authors review the current concepts of orofacial viral infections, causative agents, their classification and clinical manifestations and a basis for treatment.

Remineralization of initial enamel carious lesions using fluoridated milk in vitro.

Objectives: Milk is a universal dietary component and it is now recognized as an effective medium for the delivery of fluoride (F). This study sought (i) to evaluate fluoridated milk (2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm) for remineralizing carious lesions and (ii) to determine the optimum frequency for treating carious lesions with fluoridated milk.

Effects of fluoridated milk on artificial enamel carious lesions: a pH cycling study.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between concentration of fluoride in milk and its re-mineralizing efficacy, and to test whether increasing the volume of fluoridated milk has any effect on its re-mineralizing efficacy.

Methods: Third molars were painted leaving a 1 mm window on the buccal and/or lingual surfaces. Artificial carious lesions were induced using a de-mineralizing solution.

Ingestion of fluoride from dentifrices by young children and fluorosis of the teeth--a literature review.

Unlabelled: The ADA recommends the use of fluoridated dentifrices as soon as the primary teeth erupt, so as to reduce the incidence of dental caries. However young children can ingest a significant amount of dentifrice during normal toothbrushing; this is a potential problem because the permanent teeth are at risk from fluorosis for the first seven years of life.

Aims: the objective of this paper was to review the literature on the role of fluoride dentifrices in causing dental fluorosis.

Comparison of the remineralizing potential of child formula dentifrices.

Background: Although child formula fluoridated dentifrices can be used safely by young children their remineralizing capability remains questionable.

Aims: To evaluate the remineralizing potential of child formula dentifrices on primary teeth.

Design: In vitro single-section technique utilizing a 7 days pH-cycling model.

Comparing two quantitative methods for studying remineralization of artificial caries.

Objectives: To compare the detection of changes before and after remineralization of artificial enamel and dentin caries by microCT scanning, polarized light microscopy (PLM) and transverse microradiography (TMR).

Methods: Fourteen extracted premolars were cut into tooth blocks and painted with an acid-resistant varnish leaving one enamel and one dentin surface exposed. The tooth blocks were immersed into demineralizing solution for 4 days to produce artificial caries-like lesions and scanned by microCT.

A catalogue of anomalies and traits of the primary dentition of southern Chinese.

Variation in size, form and morphology of the teeth result in anomalies such as macrodontia, microdontia, hyperdontia, hypodontia, double tooth, taurodontism and dens in dente. While traits that may occur more commonly in certain ethnic groups may be considered to be specific to that population. The characteristics of these anomalies and traits are presented along with the prevalence figures for their occurrence in primary dentition of southern Chinese.

The effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on remineralization of artificial caries-like lesions: an in vitro study.

Background: The aims of this study were to investigate the efficacy of CPP-ACP containing Tooth Mousse on the remineralization of enamel lesions and to compare its efficacy to that of a fluoride-containing toothpaste.

Methods: Permanent teeth were placed in demineralizing solution for 96 hours to produce artificial caries-like lesions 120-200 microm in depth. They were sectioned into 100-150 microm thick samples and randomly assigned to five groups: for Group A, a fluoridated toothpaste (1100 ppm) was used as a positive control and in Group B, a non-fluoridated toothpaste was used as a negative control.

Effects of child formula dentifrices on artificial caries like lesions using in vitro pH-cycling: preliminary results.

Aim: To compare the remineralisation effects of different child dentifrices on primary teeth.

Design: In vitro single-section technique and pH-cycling model.

Methods: Primary teeth were painted with nail varnish, leaving a 1 mm wide window before placing in demineralising solution for 96hr to produce artificial carious lesions 150-200 microm deep.

Effects of dentifrices on artificial caries like lesions: an in vitro pH cycling study.

Aim: To evaluate remineralising effects of three dentifrices, Vicco by Vicco Labs, India, Perioe Cavity Care by LG Care, Korea and Colgate Total by Colgate-Palmolive, Thailand on artificial caries like lesions.

Design: In vitro single-section and pH cycling model.

Methods: Extracted third molars were painted with nail varnish, leaving 1 mm wide windows before placing demineralising solution for 96h to produce artificial carious lesions 150-200 miocrom deep.

Effects of different amounts of a low fluoride toothpaste on primary enamel lesion progression: a preliminary study using in vitro pH-cycling system.

Aims: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of pea and half-pea portions of child formula fluoride (500 ppm) toothpaste on artificially created enamel lesions in primary teeth.

Methods: Sound primary incisors were painted with nail varnish, leaving a 1 mm wide window and then placed in a demineralising solution for 96 h to produce artificial carious lesions 60-100 microm deep. The teeth were longitudinally sectioned (100 microm thick) and divided into 3 groups.

Fetal alcohol syndrome: case report and review of the literature.

Due to the significant increase in the incidence and prevalence of the fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in developing and developed nations, it is important that dental professionals recognize this condition. Patients with FAS have orofacial characteristics and various psychological and physical symptoms that may affect a dental treatment plan. This article reviews the prevalence, incidence, alcohol dose response and metabolism, and clinical characteristics of FAS.

Application of biologically-oriented dentin bonding principles to the use of endodontic irrigants.

Purpose: To compare the removal of smear layer and the structure of the hybrid layer formed after the use of EDTA or MTAD solutions when used as a final flush.

Methods: Single-rooted extracted premolars (n=18) were collected and treated for root canal therapy using NaOCl irrigation followed by a final rinse of 17% EDTA, Biopure MTAD, or saline (negative control). The roots were obturated with gutta-percha and a hydrophilic HEMA-containing root canal sealer.

The effects of child formula toothpastes on enamel caries using two in vitro pH-cycling models.

Aims/objectives: To compare, using two pH-cycling models, the de/remineralisation effects of children's toothpastes on primary teeth.

Design: In vitro single-section and pH-cycling models.

Methods: Primary teeth were placed in demineralising solution for 96 hours to produce artificial carious lesions 60-100 microm deep.

In vitro model for evaluating the effect of child formula toothpastes on artificial caries in primary dentition enamel.

Purpose: To determine if the in vitro 10-day pH-cycling model used for permanent teeth could be utilized to evaluate de/remineralization effects, on the enamel of primary teeth, of child formula toothpastes.

Methods: Sound extracted primary anterior teeth were coated with nail varnish, leaving a 1 mm-wide window prior to being placed in a demineralizing solution to produce artificial carious lesions in enamel. The teeth were subsequently cut longitudinally into 100 microm thick sections.

Effect of resin hydrophilicity on tracer penetration. A preliminary study.

Purpose: To evaluate, by transmission electron microscopy, the extent of silver nitrate penetration into four polymerized resin blends with increasing degree of hydrophilicity after a period of 24 hours.

Methods: The uncured resin was polymerized in an experimental composite inlay processing chamber under a pressurized nitrogen atmosphere maintained at 551.6 KPa and light-activated for one complete cycle at 125 degrees C for 10 minutes.

Single-step, self-etch adhesives behave as permeable membranes after polymerization. Part III. Evidence from fluid conductance and artificial caries inhibition.

Purpose: To test the hypothesis that formation of inhibition zones by bonded restorations in artificially-induced carious dentin lesions is related to the permeability of the self-etch adhesives.

Methods: Fluid conductance of four single-step self-etch adhesives (Prompt L-Pop, Etch&Prime 3.0, One-Up Bond F and Reactmer Bond), and a control two-step self-etch adhesive (UniFil Bond) were measured after sound dentin surfaces were:(1) acid-etched; (2) polished to produce smear layers; (3) bonded with the adhesive; each at 20 cm hydrostatic pressure (hp).

Single-step adhesives are permeable membranes.

Objectives: This study tested the hypotheses that micro-tensile bond strengths of all currently available single-step adhesives to dentine are adversely affected by delayed activation of a light-cured composite, and that such a phenomenon only occurs in the presence of water from the substrate side of the bonded interface.

Methods: In experiment I, a control three-step adhesive (All-Bond 2, Bisco) and six single-step adhesives (One-Up Bond F, Tokuyama; Etch&Prime 3.0, Degussa; Xeno CF Bond, Sankin; AQ Bond, Sun Medical; Reactmer Bond, Shofu and Prompt L-Pop, 3M ESPE) were bonded to sound, hydrated dentine.

Submicron hiati in acid-etched dentin are artifacts of desiccation.

Objectives: The submicron hiatus represents a potential space between the base of the collagen network and the mineralized dentin when dentin is acid-etched for bonding. These spaces were observed in SEM studies after acid-etched dentin specimens were critical point dried or dehydrated in hexamethyldisilasane. However, they have never been identified in TEM studies of dentin hybrid layers.

Micro-tensile bond strengths to sclerotic dentin using a self-etching and a total-etching technique.

Objectives: To evaluate the in vitro regional micro-tensile bond strengths of a self-etching/self-priming adhesive system to sclerotic dentin, in the absence or presence of phosphoric acid conditioning.

Methods: Naturally-occurring, non-carious cervical lesions on extracted premolars were hand-cleaned with a slurry of pumice and chlorhexidine, then bonded without further cavity preparation. One group was bonded using Clearfil Liner Bond 2V (Kuraray Co.

Self-contamination of deep dentin by dentin fluid.

Purpose: To compare, with the use of a resin replica technique, surface features of deep, acid-conditioned dentin from vital human molars that were anesthetized with an anesthetic: Group 1: without a vasoconstrictor (Mepivacaine 3%), and Group 2: containing a vasoconstrictor (Lidocaine 2% with 1:80,000 epinephrine).

Materials And Methods: 10 Class I cavities with dentin caries were included in each group. Following complete caries removal, a total-etch technique was performed with 32% phosphoric acid (Uni-Etch) for 15 s.