A standardized extract of cultured mycelia downregulates cortactin in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells.

AHCC, a standardized extract of cultured mycelia, enhances the therapeutic effects and reduces the adverse effects of chemotherapy. Our previous study reported that treatment with AHCC downregulated the expression levels of tumor-associated proteins in the gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cell line, KLM1-R. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of AHCC in the inhibition of cell migration remains unexplored.

ITGA2, LAMB3, and LAMC2 may be the potential therapeutic targets in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: an integrated bioinformatics analysis.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common form of pancreatic cancer with an abysmal prognosis rate over the last few decades. Early diagnosis and prevention could effectively combat this malignancy. Therefore, it is crucial to discover potential biomarkers to identify asymptomatic premalignant or early malignant tumors of PDAC.

Analysis of DNA methylation of E-cadherin and p16 in oral lichen planus/oral lichenoid lesions.

Objectives: Epigenetic phenomena are changes in gene expression not involving the DNA sequence. DNA methylation is a major occurrence underlying epigenetic changes in human cells. Although aberrant DNA methylation is well documented in malignant lesions, limited information has been shown on the involvement of DNA methylation in oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions (OLP).

Lipopolysaccharide Stimulates the Upregulated Expression of the Pancreatic Cancer-Related Genes Regenerating Islet-Derived 3 A/G in Mouse Pancreas.

Although epidemiological studies have shown a relationship between periodontal disease and pancreatic cancer, the molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. In this study, the effects of systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (PG-LPS) on gene expression were comprehensively explored in mouse pancreas that did not demonstrate any signs of inflammation. PG-LPS was prepared in physiological saline and intraperitoneally administered to male mice at a concentration of 5 mg/kg every 3 days for 1 month.

Alteration of oral flora in betel quid chewers in Sri Lanka.

Background: Betel quid chewing is known as a crucial risk factor for oral diseases such as periodontal diseases, oral cancer, and precancerous lesions in Southeast Asian countries. Although abnormal oral bacterial flora may be linked to betel quid related-oral diseases such as oral cancer, precancerous lesions, and periodontal diseases, little information is available on alterations of their oral flora thus far. To identify these alterations, we analyzed the oral flora in betel quid chewers (BQC) and non-chewers (NC) in Sri Lanka.

DNA hypermethylation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) caused by betel quid chewing-a possible predictive biomarker for malignant transformation.

Background: DNA hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes is observed in precancerous lesions and oral cancer of individuals with the habits of betel quid (BQ) chewing. SIRT1 has been identified as playing a role in the maintenance of epithelial integrity, and its alteration is often related to carcinogenesis. However, the methylation and transcription status of SIRT1 in patients with BQ chewing-related oral cancer has not been investigated.

Pharmacotherapy in relieving the symptoms of burning mouth syndrome: A 1-year follow-up study.

Objective: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic intraoral burning sensation with no identifiable causes. In this study, we aim to demonstrate the effectiveness of treatment strategy using ethyl loflazepate monotherapy or in combination with milnacipran or amitriptyline.

Method: A hospital-based, retrospective study was conducted in 86 patients.

Immunohistochemical Localization of RNase 7 in Normal and Inflamed Oral Epithelia and Salivary Glands.

RNase 7 is a skin-derived antimicrobial peptide expressed in various epithelial tissues. It is upregulated by stimulation with microbes and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Herein, we examined the expression levels of RNase 7 in tissues from normal and inflamed oral epithelia and salivary glands via immunohistochemistry.

How Each Component of Betel Quid Is Involved in Oral Carcinogenesis: Mutual Interactions and Synergistic Effects with Other Carcinogens-a Review Article.

Purpose Of Review: The roles of the components of betel quid in oral carcinogenesis remain unclear. The purpose of the present review is to highlight the effect of each component of betel quid and to discuss the synergistic effects of other carcinogens along with betel quid in the development of oral cancer in habitual betel quid chewers.

Recent Findings: Betel quid may synergistically participate in carcinogenesis by disrupting the compositions of oral microbiota, accompanied by endotoxins secretion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.

Sirtuin 1 and oral cancer.

The sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of highly conserved histone deacetylases (HDACs) consisting of seven members (SIRT1-SIRT7). Over the past few decades, SIRT1 has been the most extensively studied and garnered tremendous attention in the scientific community due to its emerging role in cancer biology. However, its biological role in the regulation of oral cancer is not yet fully understood.

Immunohistochemical evaluation of Klotho and DNA methyltransferase 3a in oral squamous cell carcinomas.

Carcinoma follows a course of multiple changes that are affected by several important factors, with epigenetic silencing of the promoter gene being one of them. A series of studies have suggested that epigenetic changes in the anti-aging gene Klotho may be one of the emerging areas of concern in the study of carcinogenesis. We hypothesized that epigenetic silencing of Klotho due to hypermethylation of DNMT3a may be one of the causes of carcinoma in the oral and maxillofacial region.

Differentiation of mouse iPS cells into ameloblast-like cells in cultures using medium conditioned by epithelial cell rests of Malassez and gelatin-coated dishes.

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are generated from adult cells and are potentially of great value in regenerative medicine. Recently, it was shown that iPS cells can differentiate into ameloblast-like cells in cultures using feeder cells. In the present study, we sought to induce differentiation of ameloblast-like cells from iPS cells under feeder-free conditions using medium conditioned by cultured epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM) cells and gelatin-coated dishes.

The effect of cognitive appraisal for stressors on the oral health-related QOL of dry mouth patients.

Background: Dry mouth is very common symptom, and psychological factors have an influence on this symptom. Although the influence of emotional factor related to patients with oral dryness has been examined in previous studies, the cognitive factors have not been examined thus far.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of cognitive factors on patients with oral dryness.

Current evidence on atypical odontalgia: diagnosis and clinical management.

Patients with atypical odontalgia (AO) complain of medically unexplained toothache. No evidence-based diagnostic criteria or treatment guidelines are yet available. The present paper addresses seven clinical questions about AO based on current knowledge in the literature and discusses diagnostic criteria and guidelines for treatment and management.

Anti-cell-associated glucosyltransferase immunoglobulin Y suppression of salivary mutans streptococci in healthy young adults.

Background: The authors evaluated the suppressive effects of lozenges containing egg yolk antibodies (that is, immunoglobulin Y [IgY]) against Streptococcus mutans cell-associated glucosyltransferase (CA-gtf) on oral colonization by mutans streptococci (MS) in healthy young adults.

Methods: In a five-day double-masked placebo-controlled trial, young adult participants self-administered lozenges containing anti-CA-gtf IgY (Ovalgen DC, GHEN, Gifu-City, Japan) or a placebo at prescribed times each day. On the basis of bacterial colony counts of saliva cultures, the authors analyzed the pretrial and posttrial differences in levels of MS and total anaerobic bacteria among participants in the treatment (anti-CA-gtf IgY) and placebo groups and a control group.

Development of the outcome expectancy scale for self-care among periodontal disease patients.

Rationale: The theory of self-efficacy states that specific efficacy expectations affect behaviour. Two types of efficacy expectations are described within the theory. Self-efficacy expectations are the beliefs in the capacity to perform a specific behaviour.

Development of the self-efficacy scale for maternal oral care.

Purpose: This study's purpose was to develop a task-specific self-efficacy scale for maternal oral care (SESMO) with reliability and validity.

Methods: A draft scale consisting of 36 items was designed and tested on 119 mothers at a dental clinic. Item analysis was performed to improve its accuracy by reducing the number of items.

Association between self-efficacy and loss to follow-up in long-term periodontal treatment.

Aim: To examine whether or not oral health care-specific self-efficacy can predict loss to follow-up for long-term periodontal treatment.

Methods: Our prospective cohort study enrolled 144 patients with chronic periodontitis. Patient self-efficacy was assessed on the initial visit using the self-efficacy scale for self-care (SESS).

Serum p53 antibodies as a prognostic indicator in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the clinical usefulness of the detection of serum p53 antibodies (p53 Abs) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Preoperative values of p53 Abs were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 113 patients with primary oral SCC and seropositive patients were reevaluated postoperatively. The positivity rate of p53 Abs was 16%, and the 5-year survival rate of patients positive for p53 Abs was significantly lower than that of patients negative for p53 Abs (56.

Role of alphav integrin in osteoprotegerin-induced endothelial cell migration and proliferation.

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a decoy receptor for the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL). However, the role of OPG in the endothelium remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that OPG stimulates the proliferation and migration of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs).