[Preliminary results of studies of the cardiovascular system in members of the 2d expedition in the Mir orbital station].

Three crewmembers of the second expedition onboard Mir were examined. Their physiological data (bioelectric activity of the heart, phasic structure of the cardiac cycle, circulation parameters at rest and circulation responses to exercise ergometry tests and LBNP tests) were monitored and transmitted to the Earth. This paper presents the physiological data obtained, their interpretation and conclusion that the Commander during his longest-term flight remained in best shape.

[Results of medical research carried out in 1985 on prolonged space flights].

This paper presents medical results obtained during the fourth expedition of five cosmonauts onboard orbital complexes Salyut-7--Soyuz-T-13 and Salyut-7--Soyuz-T-14. The cardiovascular system was examined using 36 resting and provocative tests. They were performed by means of electrocardiography, tetrapolar rheography, arteriovenous pulsography and tachooscillography.

[Study of the cardiovascular system in long-term space flights].

During the Salyut-6 space flights cardiac bioelectrical and mechanical activity, blood content and tone of cerebral and limb vessels, systemic arterial and venous pressure were measured in 10 primary crewmembers. The measurements were taken at rest and during LBNP and ergometry tests. The study has shown that the circulation changes are adaptive reactions of the body to a new environment, particularly weightlessness.

[Results of studying the hemodynamics and phase structure of the heart cycle in a functional test with lower body negative pressure exposure on an 140-day flight on the Saliut-6 station].

The two members of the 140-day permanent Salyut-6 space flight were exposed to 5 LBNP tests at -25 and -35 mm Hg for 2 and 3 min, respectively. Circulation responses to the LBNP tests were measured with respect to the heart rate, arterial pressure, chronocardiogram and cardiac output. As compared to the preflight data, inflight responses were characterized by a greater tachycardia, preload insufficiency, and vascular tone in the absence of orthostatic intolerance.

[Results of a hemodynamic and cardiac cycle phase structure study in a functional test with measured physical load on a 140-day flight in the Saliut-6 station].

During the 140-day flight of the orbital station Salyut-6 two primary crewmembers performed 5 exercise tests on a bicycle ergometer at a load of 750 kgm/min for 5 min. During tests heart rate, and before and after tests arterial pressure, left ventricular chronograms and cardiac output (rheographically) were recorded. In comparison to the preflight tests, the flight tests were characterized by less expressed changes in phasic parameters, moderate increase in cardiac output and, occasionally, insufficient decrease in peripheral resistance.

[Study of hemodynamics and the phase structure of the cardiac cycle of members of the second crew of orbital station "Salyut-6" at rest].

During the 140-day flight of the Salyut-6 station cardiovascular examinations were carried out at rest. They showed blood redistribution and hyervolemia of the upper body. They also demonstrated increases in the circulating blood volume and pulse blood filling of cerebral vessels, development of the phase preload syndrome and simultaneous decrease in blood filing of leg vessels.