Secondary Attack of Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among Roommates in a Children's Hospital.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 can potentially cause nosocomial outbreaks. Although high secondary attack rates (SARs) among adult roommates have been reported, data on pediatric settings are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the SAR of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in shared rooms in a children's hospital.

Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Blood Samples and Antibiotic Utilization in a University Hospital in Japan.

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important causes of nosocomial infection. Several reports indicated a correlation of antimicrobial usages and declined susceptibilities. In this report, we evaluated their relation in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Tokyo, Japan for 4 years.

Effect of beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc on the differentiation of C2C12 cells.

Although beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc (AHZ) can promote osteoblast differentiation, the molecular mechanism responsible is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of AHZ on undifferentiating mesenchymal cells. C2C12, a typical pluripotential mesenchymal cell line, was used.

Effect of IL-1alpha on the expression of cartilage matrix proteins in human chondrosarcoma cell line OUMS-27.

We examined the effect of the inflammatory mediator interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) on cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity, and the expressions of cartilage matrix proteins, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), and BMP-2 receptors in human chondrosarcoma cell line OUMS-27 (chondrocytes). The cells were cultured with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 15% fetal bovine serum with 0, 1, 10, or 100 units/ml of IL-1alpha for up to 14 days. The expressions of cartilage matrix proteins, BMP-2, and BMP-2 receptors were estimated by determining mRNA levels using semiquantitative or real-time PCR and/or by determining protein levels using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

IL-1alpha affects mineralized nodule formation by rat osteoblasts.

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of the inflammatory mediator interleukin 1alpha (IL-1alpha) on osteogenesis using rat osteoblasts. We examined the effect of IL-1alpha on cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity, mineralized nodule formation, and the expression of extracellular matrix proteins in rat osteosarcoma cell lines. The cells were cultured with alpha-minimum essential medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum with and without 0, 1, 10, and 100 units/ml of IL-1alpha for up to 14 days.

Effect of carnosine on runt-related transcription factor-2/core binding factor alpha-1 and Sox9 expressions of human periodontal ligament cells.

Background: Previous studies have reported that beta-alanyl-l-histidine (carnosine) enhanced the process of wound healing by stimulating effusion at the initial stage of inflammation, and also enhanced runt-related transcription factor-2/core binding factor alpha-1 (RUNX2/Cbfa1), Sox9, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and BMP-7 expressions of human periodontal ligament cells.

Objectives: In order to clarify the relationship between RUNX2/Cbfa1 or Sox9 expressions and BMP-2 or BMP-7 expressions enhanced by carnosine, we determined the effect of carnosine on the expression of BMP receptors and activation of their downstream signaling molecules in human periodontal ligament cells.

Material And Methods: Human periodontal ligament cells were cultured with alpha-minimum essential medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum with or without 10(-4) or 10(-5) m carnosine for up to 10 days.

Effect of beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc on the differentiation pathway of human periodontal ligament cells.

We examined the effect of beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc (AHZ) on the differentiation of human periodontal ligament (HPDL) cells. HPDL cells were cultured with alpha-minimum essential medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum with or without 10(-4) or 10(-5) M AHZ for up to 10 days. The expression of runt-related transcription factor-2/core binding factor alpha-1 (RUNX2/Cbfa1), Sox9, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), and BMP receptors was measured using semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions.