Neoadjuvant therapy with intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with S-1 for borderline-resectable pancreatic cancer.

Aim: We evaluated the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (NAC-IMRT) in patients with borderline-resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC).

Methods: BRPC patients were treated with IMRT (45 Gy/15fr) combined with two courses of S-1 (40 mg/m bid) before surgery. Outcomes after NAC-IMRT, surgery, and survival were then evaluated.

Clinical phenotype of anaerobic bacteremia unaccompanied by detectable abscess lesion: a 10-year retrospective, multicenter, observational-cohort study.

Purpose: Despite the importance of abscess lesions in clinical decisions regarding anaerobic bacteremia (AB), their impact on clinical characteristics remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the clinical factors associated with AB that were unaccompanied by detectable abscess lesions during the initial phase of infection.

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective observational study involving patients with culture-proven AB at six tertiary hospitals in Japan between January 2012 and March 2022.

Reference intervals for knee functions specific to outpatients with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Reference values (RVs) for knee function tests have been reported in perioperative patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA); however, such values for practical use in outpatient setting has yet to be determined. Therefore, we aimed to establish the reference intervals (RIs) for outpatients with mild to moderate KOA.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 202 outpatients with KOA from 8 Japanese orthopedic clinics and measured knee extensor/flexor muscle strength (MS) and knee extension/flexion range of motion (ROM).

Spinal subdural hematoma with sudden onset of paraplegia in a patient on oral anticoagulant therapy.

Spinal subdural hematoma is uncommon but may become more prevalent with increasing anticoagulant use. Early diagnosis from symptoms like lower back pain and leg paralysis is crucial for timely intervention.

The arousal level of consciousness required for working memory performance: An anaesthesia study.

Regarding the stage of arousal level required for working memory to function properly, limited studies have been conducted on changes in working memory performance when the arousal level of consciousness decreases. This study aimed to experimentally clarify the stages of consciousness necessary for optimal working memory function. In this experiment, the sedation levels were changed step-by-step using anaesthesia, and the performance accuracy during the execution of working memory was assessed using a dual-task paradigm.

Diabetes and gastric cancer incidence and mortality in the Asia Cohort Consortium: A pooled analysis of more than a half million participants.

Background: Evidence suggests a possible link between diabetes and gastric cancer risk, but the findings remain inconclusive, with limited studies in the Asian population. We aimed to assess the impact of diabetes and diabetes duration on the development of gastric cancer overall, by anatomical and histological subtypes.

Methods: A pooled analysis was conducted using 12 prospective studies included in the Asia Cohort Consortium.

Long-term clinical course of two rare cases of synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteomyelitis syndrome involving only unilateral femur.

Synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteomyelitis (SAPHO) syndrome is characterised by aseptic osteitis and is often complicated by pustular dermatitis, such as palmoplantar pustulosis or acne. Although bone lesions are most found in the anterior thoracic region or spine, femoral lesions are not well documented in the literature. There is no established treatment for this condition, and few reports have described its long-term course.

Consistency Analysis of the UF-1500 and UF-5000 Automated Urine Particle Analyzers.

Background: The aim was to evaluate the consistency of the results between the UF-1500 and UF-5000, fully automated urine particle analyzers.

Methods: A total of 554 randomly selected inpatient and outpatient urine samples were collected for analysis using the UF-1500, the UF-5000, and by manual microscopic examination. The coincidence rate, intraday repeatability, and interday reproducibility were evaluated on the UF-1500 and UF-5000.

Perceived depth reversals of images on a concave screen.

Reverspectives and hollow masks cause a reversal of perceived depth when observed from a position beyond certain critical distances, even if viewed binocularly. Their 3D structures or images invariably contain a linear perspective, shading, or familiarity cue to depth. Using a concave screen, we demonstrate a novel type of perceived depth reversal in binocular viewing with a variety of depth cues.

Psychiatric Home-Visiting Nurses' Views on the Care Information Required of Psychiatric Hospital Nurses.

The "construction of a community-based comprehensive care system for mental disorders" has been promoted in Japan. However, nurses in psychiatric hospitals do not intervene with community resources and support networks in Japan. This study aimed to determine the care information required by home visit nurses from psychiatric hospital nurses.

Relationship between assistant's lens exposure and dose information during computed tomography examinations.

According to International Commission of Radiological Protection, the equivalent dose limit for the eye lens for occupational exposure is recommended to be 20 mSv yr, averaged over 5 years, with no single year above 50 mSv. Some studies reported the measurement of assistant's lens exposure in diagnostic computed tomography (CT) examinations, but further investigation is still required in the association between the lens dose for assistants and various dose parameters. Therefore, we measured the assistant's lens exposure using small optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters.

Impact of severe acute kidney injury on short-term mortality in urosepsis.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) on short-term mortality in patients with urosepsis.

Methods: This prospective cohort study evaluated 207 patients with urosepsis. AKI was diagnosed in accordance with the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria, and severe AKI was defined as stage 2 or 3 AKI.

Immunoglobulin G4 -related gastrointestinal disease associated with type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis: A case report.

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related diseaseis a systemic inflammatory condition of unknown etiology characterized by increases in serum IgG4 and in the number of IgG4-positive cells in affected tissues. One of the commonly involved locations is the pancreas; this condition is known as type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Type 1 AIP, which shows a biliary stricture in the intrapancreatic bile duct, can be misdiagnosed as a malignancy due to similar cholangiography findings and clinical presentation.

Synthesis of Macrolactone Core of -Formosalide A via Regioselective Ether Cyclization.

Formosalide A is a cytotoxic macrolide isolated from the dinoflagellate sp, whose structure is characterized by functionalized 5- and 6-membered ether rings embedded in the macrolactone and an all -tetraene side chain. Here, we report the synthesis of the macrolactone core of -formosalide A. Our approach is highlighted by the Au-mediated 6-- cyclization for the synthesis of the 6-membered ether ring, which proceeded in a highly regioselective manner.

Occupational radiation exposure among medical personnel in university and general hospitals in Japan.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the occupational radiation exposure of medical workers between general hospitals and university hospitals.

Methods: Radiation exposure data from three hospitals in Hiroshima city, including one university hospital and two general hospitals, were collected using personal dosimeters. Monthly radiation doses were analyzed, and the annual sum of radiation exposure dose was calculated for 538 subjects in general hospitals and 1224 subjects in the university hospital.

Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from four Rett syndrome patients with MECP2 mutations.

Rett syndrome is characterized by severe global developmental impairments with autistic features and loss of purposeful hand skills. Here we show that human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines derived from four Japanese female patients with Rett syndrome are generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using Sendai virus vectors. The generated hiPSC lines showed self-renewal and pluripotency and carried heterozygous frameshift, missense, or nonsense mutations in the MECP2 gene.

Comparison of SP263 and 22C3 pharmDx assays to test programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Atezolizumab, one of the immune checkpoint inhibitors, has been approved as an adjuvant treatment following resection and platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer with 1% or more programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved SP263 as a companion diagnostic assay for adjuvant treatment with atezolizumab; however, in clinical practice, the 22C3 assay is most commonly used for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Therefore, our study aimed to compare two PD-L1 assays, SP263 and 22C3, to evaluate whether 22C3 could replace SP263 when deciding whether to administer adjuvant atezolizumab.

Enzyme from Padina arborescens Holmes Synthesizes Parinaric Acid, a Conjugated Tetraenoic Fatty Acid, from α-Linolenic Acid.

Conjugated fatty acids have anticancer effects. Therefore, the establishment of a synthetic method for conjugated fatty acids is important for overcoming cancer. Here, we attempted to synthesize conjugated fatty acids using enzymes extracted from seaweeds containing these fatty acids.