Endoscopic incisional balloon dilation combined with anti-scarring agents for postoperative esophageal anastomotic strictures.

The management of locally advanced esophageal cancer typically involves esophagectomy; however, postoperative complications, particularly anastomotic stricture, remain prevalent. Anastomotic stricture can severely compromise patients' quality of life by leading to difficulties in food intake. Although endoscopic balloon dilation has become a standard treatment for gastrointestinal strictures, its efficacy is often limited due to the risk of perforation and the potential for recurrent stricture, necessitating multiple interventions.

From Coronavirus Disease 2019 to Herpes Simplex Virus Hepatitis: A Case Report of Complications Linked to Immunosuppressive Therapy.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been linked to severe pneumonia and systemic deterioration in humans. When antiviral drugs and antibodies are not available, it is preferable to choose early treatment methods to suppress cytokine storms. While an interleukin-6 receptor antagonist has proven effective in controlling cytokine storms in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia, it can also increase susceptibility to secondary infections, such as herpes simplex virus (HSV).

Early detection of pancreatic cancer by comprehensive serum miRNA sequencing with automated machine learning.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is often diagnosed at advanced stages, and early-stage diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is difficult because of nonspecific symptoms and lack of available biomarkers.

Methods: We performed comprehensive serum miRNA sequencing of 212 pancreatic cancer patient samples from 14 hospitals and 213 non-cancerous healthy control samples. We randomly classified the pancreatic cancer and control samples into two cohorts: a training cohort (N = 185) and a validation cohort (N = 240).

Unmet needs in relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma (r/r MCL) post-covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi): a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

To quantify the clinical unmet need of r/r MCL patients who progress on a covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi), we conducted a systematic review to identify studies that reported overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), or response outcomes of patients who received a chemo(immunotherapy) ± targeted agent standard therapy (STx) or brexucabtagene autoleucel (brexu-cel) in the post-BTKi setting. Twenty-six studies (23 observational; three trials) reporting outcomes from 2005 to 2022 were included. Using two-stage frequentist meta-analyses, the estimated median PFS/OS for patients treated with an STx was 7.

Spirulina () Improved Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Characteristics and Microbiota and Did Not Affect Organ Fibrosis Induced by a Fructose-Enriched Diet in Wistar Male Rats.

Spirulina () is reported to play a role in improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and intestinal microbiota (IM). To study spirulina's effects in the improvement of NAFLD characteristics, IM, and pancreatic-renal lesions induced by a fructose-enriched diet, 40 Wistar healthy male rats, weighing 200-250 g, were randomly divided into four groups of 10, and each rat per group was assigned a diet of equal quantities (20 g/day) for 18 weeks. The first control group (CT) was fed a standardized diet, the second group received a 40% fructose-enriched diet (HFr), and the third (HFr-S5) and fourth groups (HFr-S10) were assigned the same diet composition as the second group but enriched with 5% and 10% spirulina, respectively.

Outcomes of patients aged ≥26 years with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in ZUMA-3 and historical trials.

Brexucabtagene autoleucel (brexu-cel) is an autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy approved in the USA and European Union (EU) for adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL; aged ≥26 years in EU). Here, outcomes for patients with R/R B-ALL aged ≥26 years in ZUMA-3 treated with brexu-cel were compared with historical standard-of-care (SOC) therapy. After median follow-up of 26.

Current trends and new approaches for human norovirus replication in cell culture: a literature review.

Human norovirus (HuNoV) is one of the world's leading causes of acute gastroenteritis. At present, effective reproduction of the virus in cell cultures remains a challenge for virologists, as there is a lack of a permissive cell line that allows the entire viral life cycle to be reproduced. This is a barrier to the study of the HuNoV life cycle, its tropism, and virus-host interactions.

Elevated lipoprotein(a) increases risk of subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and coronary revascularisation in incident ASCVD patients: A cohort study from the UK Biobank.

Background And Aims: Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a genetic driver for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We aimed to provide novel insights into the associated risk of elevated versus normal Lp(a) levels on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in an incident ASCVD cohort.

Methods: This was an observational cohort study of incident ASCVD patients.

Non-Polio Enterovirus Surveillance in the Ural Federal District and Western Siberia, 2022: Is There a Need for a Vaccine?

Human non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) are the etiological agents involved in most cases of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD), herpangina and aseptic meningitis. Information on the epidemiology profiles of NPEV in the Ural Federal District and Western Siberia is very limited, with no published data available. The aim of this study is to describe NPEV incidence in the Ural Federal District and Western Siberia among patients with different forms of non-polio enterovirus infections (NPEVIs) during 2022, stratified by age and clinical manifestations.

Collagenous colitis following SARS-Cov2 mRNA vaccination.

A healthy 49-year-old female developed intractable watery diarrhea after the Pfizer SARS-Cov2 mRNA vaccination. She was subsequently diagnosed with collagenous colitis (CC). She had no prior history of medication use, suggesting of vaccination being the trigger.

Burden of lipoprotein(a) for patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A retrospective analysis from the United States.

Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is an inherited, independent, and causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). To assess the burden of elevated Lp(a) for patients with ASCVD in a real-world setting in the United States. This retrospective cohort study assessed US patients with available Lp(a) measurement and established ASCVD using Optum's Clinformatics Data Mart database (2007-2020).

Nationwide proficiency assessment of bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing among 110 laboratories in Lebanon.

Introduction: Proficiency testing (PT) is one of the most valuable and important activities for the Clinical Microbiology Laboratories (CML) to enroll in to ensure the accuracy and reliability of results. This first time conducted nationwide study was warranted to assess the PT performance activity among CML in Lebanon.

Methodology: Four training and PT activities were organized for 110 nationwide laboratories involved in providing clinical microbiology services.

Reducing the risk of developing walled-off necrosis in patients with acute necrotic collection using recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin.

Background/purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possibility of reducing clinical impacts of acute necrotic collection (ANC) on patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) using recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (rTM).

Methods: In this retrospective multicenter study, 233 consecutive AP patients with ANC and acute peripancreatic fluid collection (APFC) from 2012 to 2016 were enrolled. To assess clinical impacts of ANC, severity on admission (JPN score, JPN CT grade, and Modified CT severity index), development of walled-off necrosis (WON), imaging costs for follow-up, and mortality were recorded.

An Autopsy Case of Anaplastic Carcinoma of the Pancreas in a 39-Year-Old Woman that Developed from Hereditary Pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND Anaplastic carcinoma of the pancreas (ACP) is a rare type of cancer with an extremely poor prognosis. Hereditary pancreatitis is a rare autosomal-dominant disease. It progresses to chronic pancreatitis at a young age, increasing the risk of pancreatic cancer.

Varenicline versus nicotine replacement therapy for long-term smoking cessation: an observational study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Background: Smoking is the leading avoidable cause of illness and premature mortality. The first-line treatments for smoking cessation are nicotine replacement therapy and varenicline. Meta-analyses of experimental studies have shown that participants allocated to the varenicline group were 1.

Long-term effectiveness and safety of varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy in people with neurodevelopmental disorders: A prospective cohort study.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness and safety of varenicline versus NRT for smoking cessation in people with neurodevelopmental disorders, compared to those without, at up to four years after exposure. We analysed electronic medical records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink using three different statistical approaches: multivariable logistic regression, propensity score matching (PSM), and instrumental variable analysis. Exposure was prescription of varenicline versus NRT and the primary outcome was smoking cessation at 2-years.