Association of dietary fibre intake with subsequent fasting glucose levels and indicators of adiposity in school-age Japanese children.

Objective: To evaluate the relationships of fibre intake with subsequent BMI sd-score, waist-to-height ratio and serum fasting glucose levels among school-age Japanese children.

Design: This is a prospective study of school-age Japanese children. Participants were followed from 6-7 to 9-10 years of age (follow-up rate: 92·0 %).

CD73-Positive Cell Spheroid Transplantation Attenuates Colonic Atrophy.

The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is increasing worldwide. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory functions and are a promising source for cell transplantation therapy for IBD. However, owing to their heterogeneous nature, their therapeutic efficacy in colitis is controversial and depends on the delivery route and form of transplanted cells.

Advantage of fat-derived CD73 positive cells from multiple human tissues, prospective isolated mesenchymal stromal cells.

Somatic stem cells have been isolated from multiple human tissues for their potential usefulness in cell therapy. Currently, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are prepared after several passages requiring a few months of cell culture. In this study, we used a prospective isolation method of somatic stem cells from gestational or fat tissues, which were identified using CD73 antibody.

Associations of Cell Phone Use and Screen Viewing with Overweight in Children.

Effects of using mobile devices on childhood obesity have not been well studied. We aimed to ascertain whether cell phone use and screen viewing are associated with excess body weight in a cross-sectional study of Japanese school children. Subjects were 3141 students, ages 6 to 7 years, who participated in the Hekinan Children's Study conducted during 2011-2015.

The Hekinan Children's Study: Design and Profile of Participants at Baseline.

Background: The early life environment is now recognized as a key factor contributing to susceptibility to certain diseases in later life.

Methods: We initiated a cohort study among school children in 2011 to primarily investigate the associations between lifestyle and environmental factors and some surrogate markers of chronic diseases, such as cardiometabolic risk factors (ie, obesity, high blood pressure, high blood glucose, insulin, or lipids) and cancer risk factors (ie, height and age at menarche). A baseline questionnaire asked for information, including demographic variables, medical history and use of medication, dietary habits, physical activity, sleep habits, and behavioral and emotional problems of children.

Formation of color centers in a soda-lime silicate glass by excimer laser irradiation.

We have investigated defect generation in soda-lime silicate and iron-doped soda-lime silicate glasses by excimer laser irradiation in order to apply coloration due to radiation-induced defects as a coloring technique for practical glass products. The laser irradiation generated various kinds of defects, i.e.

Dihydrogen activation by sulfido-bridged dinuclear Ru/Ge complexes: insight into the [NiFe] hydrogenase unready state.

A S/SH bridged hetero-dinuclear Ru/Ge complex cation reacted with H(2) to afford the μ-S/μ-H complex. The reaction was considerably slower compared to that of the μ-S/μ-OH complex. Thus, the μ-S/μ-SH and μ-S/μ-OH complexes might provide models for the unready and ready states, respectively, of [NiFe] hydrogenase.

A transient VEP-based real-time brain-computer interface using non-direct gazed visual stimuli.

It is necessary for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) to be non-offensive devices for daily use to improve the quality of life of users, especially for the motor disabled. Some BCIs which are based on steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs), however, are unpleasant because users have to gaze at high-speed blinking light as visual stimuli. Furthermore, these kinds of BCIs may not be used as universal devices because SSVEPs are not detectable by some users.

Study on transient VEP-based brain-computer interface using non-direct gazed visual stimuli.

It is necessary for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) to be non-offensive devices for daily use to improve the quality of life of users, especially for the motor disabled. Some BCIs which are based on steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs), however, are unpleasant because users have to gaze at high-speed blinking light as visual stimuli. Furthermore, these kinds of BCIs may not be used as universal devices because SSVEPs are not detectable by some users.

Influence of hyperbaric environment on physiological tremor.

The effect of pressured environment from 1 to 24 ATA (Atmosphere Absolute) on total power spectrum (TP) of physiological tremor, whose value was the sum of power spectra for frequency range in 0.5-50 Hz, was investigated. The main effects obtained were as follows.

[Screening test for hematopoietic stem cells in umbilical cord blood with the SE-9000 automated hematology analyzer].

The immature information IMI channel on an SE-9000 automated hematology analyzer was used for detection of stem cells in cord blood and the results were compared with other standard methods, including flow cytometry analysis and progenitor assays. After the removal of red blood cells, the IMI count in cord blood samples significantly correlated with the number of CD34+ cells (r = 0.810), CFU-GM (r = 0.

Discrimination of forearm's motions by surface EMG signals using neural network.

We tried to discriminate different forearm's motions by surface EMG signals using neural network. In order to get a higher discrimination rate, the positions of electrodes were improved. We also tried to discriminate similar motions in order to clarify the limitation of the discrimination by surface EMG signals.

The influence of drinking on physiological tremor and reaction time.

Tremor is an invisible mechanical vibration observed on parts of the body. It is classified into physiological and pathological tremors. It was reported that an oral dose of alcohol could decrease the amplitude of pathological tremor.

On the visual recognition of moving letter.

The visual recognition (i.e., legibility) of moving object was studied.

Characteristics of physiological tremor in five fingers and evaluations of fatigue of fingers in typing.

Physiological tremor, which is the invisible mechanical vibration of body part, was measured for five fingers. It was obtained that the power spectrum always has two peaks at 10 and 25Hz for each of the five fingers. The peaks were considered to be generated in the following two loop systems: The component of the lower frequency originated from the central nervous system as a long loop, and that of the higher frequency originated from the muscle-spine loop system as a short loop.

Severity of viremia and clinical findings in children with varicella.

The number of varicella zoster virus-infected mononuclear cells in blood samples obtained during 3 days before appearance of vesicular skin rashes could be estimated in 13 of 21 immunocompetent children with varicella and viremia (range, 1-83 per 10(7) mononuclear cells). The virus was isolated from 5% of adherent cells (1/21), 71% of nonadherent cells (12/17), 43% of T lymphocytes (9/21), and 33% of B lymphocytes (7/21). The number of vesicles on the body correlated with the maximum body temperature, duration of fever, and number of infected cells in the blood.

Placental transfer of IgG subclass-specific antibodies to varicella-zoster virus.

Commercially available mouse monoclonal antibodies to human IgG subclasses (IgG 1 to IgG 4) were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to examine the placental transfer of IgG subclass-specific antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (VZV). All 46 mothers had total IgG antibody to VZV, and an equal level of antibody was found in the cord blood. All of the mothers had high antibody activities to VZV in IgG 1 and IgG 4 subclasses.

Immunoglobulin subclass antibodies to varicella-zoster virus.

Commercially available mouse monoclonal antibodies to human IgG subclass (IgG1 to IgG4) were applied to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure IgG subclass-specific antibodies to varicella-zoster virus in children naturally infected with varicella-zoster virus and in varicella vaccine recipients. In children naturally infected with varicella-zoster virus, IgG 1 antibody was detected 2 weeks after onset of the disease in all cases, its activity increased at 1 month after onset, and almost equal antibody value was maintained 10 years after infection. This pattern of antibody response was similar to that of total IgG antibody to varicella-zoster virus after natural infection.

Viral replication and immunologic responses in children naturally infected with varicella-zoster virus and in varicella vaccine recipients.

Replication of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and immunologic responses to VZV were examined by a sensitive culture technique for viral isolation and standard immunologic assays in children after close exposure to wild-type VZV or after inoculation with strain Oka varicella vaccine. Naturally infected children who developed clinical varicella had viremia between five days before and one day after clinical onset of disease, with the highest isolation rate one and two days before onset, and seroconversion followed two days later. Virus was not isolated from blood 12 and 13 days after contact in subclinically infected children.

Breath-by-breath VCO2 and VO2 required compensation for transport delay and dynamic response.

Both transport delay (DELAY) and dynamic response (RESPONSE) of a mass spectrometer would theoretically result in considerable errors in the breath-by-breath calculation of VCO2 and VO2. However, curiously, the contribution of RESPONSE has been ignored. The purpose of this study is to quantify the error caused by RESPONSE.

Relationship between alveolar PO2 and the rate of p-nitroanisole O-demethylation by the cytochrome P-450 pathway in isolated rabbit lungs.

The relationship between alveolar PO2 and the rate of O-demethylation of p-nitroanisole, a model substrate for cytochrome P-450 -linked mixed-function oxidation, was evaluated in the isolated rabbit lung perfused with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer. The appearance of the product, p-nitrophenol, in the pulmonary perfusate was measured spectrophotometrically, The PO2 of the ventilating gas was varied with an accurate gas mixing pump and measured with an electrochemical O2 analyzer. In control lungs ventilated with 5% CO2 in air, the rate of p-nitrophenol production was approximately equal to 3.

Cytochrome P450-linked p-nitroanisole O-demethylation in the perfused lung.

Oxidative demethylation of p-nitroanisole, a cytochrome P450-linked mixed-function oxidation, was evaluated in isolated perfused rat and rabbit lungs. The product, p-nitrophenol, was monitored continuously in the lung effluent by spectrophotometric measurement. Pulmonary p-nitrophenol production in mumol/h per g dry wt was 6.