Ischemic necrosis of the breast following septic shock: A case report.

Fat necrosis of the breast is a common and benign entity, often secondary to trauma, surgery, radiation therapy, or unknown etiologies. Critically ill patients with septic shock may experience end-organ hypoperfusion and tissue infarction and necrosis, which may result in breast fat necrosis, however, to the best of our knowledge this has not been previously described. We report a case of biopsy-proven breast fat necrosis secondary to septic shock following an emergency surgery in a postmenopausal female.

Development of RAD-Score: A Tool to Assess the Procedural Competence of Diagnostic Radiology Residents.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop a tool to assess the procedural competence of radiology trainees, with sources of evidence gathered from five categories to support the construct validity of tool: content, response process, internal structure, relations to other variables, and consequences.

Subjects And Methods: A pilot form for assessing procedural competence among radiology residents, known as the RAD-Score tool, was developed by evaluating published literature and using a modified Delphi procedure involving a group of local content experts. The pilot version of the tool was tested by seven radiology department faculty members who evaluated procedures performed by 25 residents at one institution between October 2014 and June 2015.

Practical applications of balanced steady-state free-precession (bSSFP) imaging in the abdomen and pelvis.

Unlabelled: Balanced steady-state free-precession (bSSFP) is an important pulse sequence that may be underutilized in abdominal and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). bSSFP offers several advantages for abdominal and pelvic MRI that include: bright blood effects, a relative insensitivity to the dephasing effects which occur in structures with linear movement, low specific absorption rate (SAR), high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), high spatial resolution, and rapid acquisition times. Bright blood effects can be exploited to diagnose or confirm vascular pathologies when gadolinium-enhanced imaging cannot be performed, is indeterminate, or is degraded by artifact.

Design, expression, and purification of de novo transmembrane "hairpin" peptides.

While our understanding of the folding and structure of water-soluble proteins has progressed to the point where they can be artificially designed and produced from first principles, there has been only limited work toward the de novo design of membrane proteins. Such studies have been hindered in large part due to the practical challenges in the production and characterization of multispanning transmembrane (TM) proteins that arise from their highly hydrophobic character. In this work, we used molecular biology cloning techniques to produce a library of partially randomized Ala- and Ile-rich de novo helix-loop-helix (hairpin) TM constructs as models for tertiary TM-TM folding.

[Effects of phenibut on parameters of cerebral hemodynamics in swimmers with dysadaptation syndrome and various types of systemic hemodynamics].

Administration of phenibut (0.25 g) during 4 weeks as a means of rehabilitation promoted optimization of the biochemical status and cerebral blood circulation in swimmers with various types of systemic hemodynamics, which were examined 20 minutes after warm-up.

[Effects of aminalon, fenibut, and picamilon on the typological parameters of cerebral hemodynamics in swimmers with dysadaptation syndrome].

The administration of aminalon (0.25 g), fenibut (0.25 g) and picamilon (0.

[Types and variants of cerebral circulation in healthy young people in clino-stasis and anti-orthostasis].

This paper presents the results of investigations of 199 apparently healthy individuals aged 18-22 years. Analysis of the findings yielded concepts of the types of cerebral circulation--the types of cerebral microcirculation and the variants brain volumia--the variants of summarized pulse blood filling of this organ. To define the types and variants of cerebral hemodynamics makes it possible to predict the magnitude and direction of brain vasomotor responses aimed at optimizing arterial blood stream into the region and venous blood outflow under antiorthostasis.

[Apudocytes in experimental cholera vaccination].

The morphofunctional state of apudocytes in the gastrointestinal tract and immunocompetent organs (spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes) of mice immunized with chemical bivalent cholera vaccine was studied. The study revealed that the APUD system of the intestine and the argyrophil elements of the immunocompetent organs of white mice gave a response to the oral administration of commercial cholera vaccine. The reaction of the APUD system of the gastrointestinal tract was manifested by a significant increase in the number of apudocytes and their greater synthesizing activity in the immunized animals during the period of maximum immunological transformation of the macroorganism.

[Comparative pathomorphological assessment of the action of Vibrio cholerae serogroups 01 and 0139].

The pathomorphological picture of experimental infection caused by the infective agent of cholera was shown to have some specific features observed in infections caused by vibrios belonging to the serogroups under study. Infection caused by V. cholerae of serogroup O139 induced some morphological changes in the gastrointestinal tract which were quite characteristic of this disease, but inflammatory changes with the prevalence of proliferative infiltrative processes came to the foreground simultaneously with less developed processes of edema and dystrophic lesions of enterocytes.

[The APUD-system function of the intestines and the morphological changes in the internal organs of adult rabbits infected with toxigenic Vibrio cholerae].

V. cholerae infection with clearly pronounced diarrhea was reproduced in adult rabbits with the use of the RITARD system. The state of the APUD system of the intestine of the animals and morphological changes in internal organs in experimental cholera were described.

[The comparative characteristics of the pathogenic action of Vibrio cholerae of the non-O1 group O139 serovar and of the O1 group on the intestinal APUD system of suckling rabbits].

The comparative study of the enteropathogenic action of V. cholerae strains of group non-O1, serovar O139, and group O1 with different virulence on the APUD system of the intestine of suckling rabbits after intraenteral infection revealed that V. cholerae of group non-O1 induced inflammatory changes in the intestine and the pronounced toxic lesion of parenchymal organs.

[Laws of typological interactions of clino- and antiorthostatic systemic and cerebral circulation in children].

Based on P. K. Anokhin's systems approach, the authors analyze the typological features of the mechanisms of clinostatic and anti-orthostatic systemic and cerebral circulation in children aged 7-9 years.

[The effect of choleragen poisoning on the intestinal apudocytes of gnotobiotic minipigs].

Intragastric administration of the cholera toxin to gnotobiotic mini-pigs results in cyclic morphofunctional alterations of intestinal apudocytes followed by their degranulation, a decrease in their number from 1 to 3 hrs and after 18 hrs, while a slight increase in their number occurred from 3 to 12 hrs. The response of APUD-system cells is similar in large and small intestine. Products of apudocyte secretion may be involved in the diarrheogenic effect of the cholera toxin.

Dermatonecrotic lesions in rabbits caused by neuraminidase.

In an attempt to study the role of neuraminidase in cholera vibrio pathogenesis, the dermatonecrotic effect of a purified neuraminidase preparation was studied in rabbits. The experiments demonstrated that dermatonecrotic lesions resulted from intracutaneous injection of a purified neuraminidase preparation (0.5 specific human dose or 1 NU) as well as significant doses of cholera toxoid containing the enzyme (4,12,18 specific human doses).

[An experimental study of the safety of a chemical monovalent tableted cholera vaccine in enteral administration].

The safety of experimental chemical cholera monovalent vaccine in tablets, produced by the institute "Microbe" (Saratov, USSR), has been studied. The study has shown that the vaccine, administered to adult rabbits and germ-free suckling rabbits by the enteral route, retains residual toxicity, mainly due to the presence of O-antigen. One or two administrations of 1-2 human doses of this preparation to adult rabbits induce minimal structural changes admissible from the viewpoint of safety.

[The effect of different Yersinia pestis antigens on the cellular link in immunity].

Immunization with live plague vaccine has been shown to give no protection to thymectomized mice from subcutaneous challenge with Y. pestis virulent strain. Under the action of the vaccine or individual Y.

[Morphological changes caused by the dermonecrosis factor of the causative agents of cholera and various other intestinal infections].

Intra- or subepithelial focal purulent inflammation with necrosis of exudating leucocytes during 1-2 days is developed in consequence of intradermal injection of the living cholera vibrios, cultured on membrane agar, or their supernatants. Sometimes coagulative necrosis of cover epithelium arises without preliminary purulent inflammation stage from the very beginning. Intradermal injection of living cholera vibrios leads to the development of coagulative necrotic foci in derma too.

[The role of T-suppressors in the formation of plague immunity in mice].

Antiplague immunization of mice causes an increase in the number of T-suppressors in their thymus and spleen; this increase is especially pronounced after injection of a low-immunogenic dose of the vaccine strain. T-suppressors specific to Yersinia pestis antigens were detected in the thymus on day 3 after a single injection and on day 14 after two injections of the vaccine strain.

[The potentiating action of artificial immunodeficiency on the development of amyloidosis in plague in great gerbils].

Cyclophosphamide injection causes amyloidosis development in the spleen of great gerbils both intact and plague-infected after immunization. The amyloid deposits are observed irrespective of acquired antiplague resistance level. Alterations observed may be considered as acquired (secondary) AA-amyloidosis.