Interaction of amphiphilic coumarin with DPPC/DPPS lipid bilayer: effects of concentration and alkyl tail length.

In this work, interactions between amphiphilic amino methyl coumarin and dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine (DPPC/DPPS) lipid bilayer were investigated. A combination of experimental techniques (zeta potential, fluorescence spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry) along with molecular dynamics simulations was employed to examine the influence of alkyl tail length and concentration of the amphiphilic coumarin on the lipid bilayer. Alkyl tails comprising 5(C), 9(C), and 12(C) carbon atoms were conjugated to amino methyl coumarin via a single-step process.

Flexible quantum dot light-emitting devices for targeted photomedical applications.

Quantum dot light-emitting devices (QLEDs), originally developed for displays, were recently demonstrated to be promising light sources for various photomedical applications, including photodynamic therapy cancer cell treatment and photobimodulation cell metabolism enhancement. With exceptional emission wavelength tunability and potential flexibility, QLEDs could enable wearable, targeted photomedicine with maximized absorption of different medical photosensitizers. In this paper, we report, for the first time, the in vitro study to demonstrate that QLEDs-based photodynamic therapy can effectively kill Methicillin-resistant , an antibiotic-resistant bacterium.

Optogenetic regulation of transcription.

Optogenetics has become widely recognized for its success in real-time control of brain neurons by utilizing non-mammalian photosensitive proteins to open or close membrane channels. Here we review a less well known type of optogenetic constructs that employs photosensitive proteins to transduce the signal to regulate gene transcription, and its possible use in medicine. One of the problems with existing gene therapies is that they could remain active indefinitely while not allowing regulated transgene production on demand.

Quantum dot light emitting devices for photomedical applications.

While OLEDs have struggled to find a niche lighting application that can fully take advantage of their unique form factors as thin, flexible, lightweight and uniformly large-area luminaire, photomedical researchers have been in search of low-cost, effective illumination devices with such form factors that could facilitate widespread clinical applications of photodynamic therapy (PDT) or photobiomodulation (PBM). Although existing OLEDs with either fluorescent or phosphorescent emitters cannot achieve the required high power density at the right wavelength windows for photomedicine, the recently developed ultrabright and efficient deep red quantum dot light emitting devices (QLEDs) can nicely fit into this niche. Here, we report for the first time the in-vitro study to demonstrate that this QLED-based photomedical approach could increase cell metabolism over control systems for PBM and kill cancerous cells efficiently for PDT.

Red Light Modulates Ultraviolet-Induced Gene Expression in the Epidermis of Hairless Mice.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether low-level light therapy (LLLT) was capable of modulating expression of ultraviolet (UV) light-responsive genes in vivo.

Materials And Methods: The effects of 670 nm light-emitting diode (LED) array irradiation were investigated in a hairless SHK-1 mouse epidermis model. Mice were given a single dose of UVA/UVB light, or three doses of red light (670 nm @ 8 mW/cm(2) x 312 sec, 2.

Preliminary assessment of photoactivated antimicrobial collagen on bioburden in a murine pressure ulcer model.

Objective And Background Data: Overcoming bacterial antibiotic resistance requires alternative strategies. The ability of photoactivated collagen-embedded flavins (PCF) to reduce bioburden in infected pressure ulcers was investigated.

Design And Methods: Two pressure ulcers were created on the dorsum of female BALB/C mice (n=40, 35 g) maintaining a 5 mm skin bridge between lesions.

A preliminary study of the safety of red light phototherapy of tissues harboring cancer.

Objective: Red light phototherapy is known to stimulate cell proliferation in wound healing. This study investigated whether low-level light therapy (LLLT) would promote tumor growth when pre-existing malignancy is present.

Background Data: LLLT has been increasingly used for numerous conditions, but its use in cancer patients, including the treatment of lymphedema or various unrelated comorbidities, has been withheld by practitioners because of the fear that LLLT might result in initiation or promotion of metastatic lesions or new primary tumors.

Laparoscopic mesh fixation using laser-assisted tissue soldering in a porcine model.

Background And Objective: Animal studies using open surgical models indicate that collagen solder is capable of fixation of surgical meshes without interfering with tissue integration, increasing adhesions, or increasing inflammation intraperitoneally. This study describes development of instrumentation and techniques for laparoscopic herniorrhaphy using laser-assisted soldering technology.

Study Design And Methods: Anesthetized 20 kg to 25 kg female Yorkshire pigs underwent laparoscopy with a 3-trocar technique.

Transabdominal preperitoneal herniorrhaphy using laser-assisted tissue soldering in a porcine model.

Background And Objectives: Collagen solder is capable of fixation of surgical meshes during laparoscopic herniorrhaphy without compromising tissue integration, increasing adhesions or inflammation. This pilot study describes development of instrumentation and techniques for transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) herniorrhaphy using laser-assisted soldering technology.

Methods: Anesthetized 20-kg to 25-kg female Yorkshire pigs underwent laparoscopy performed using a 3-trocar technique.

Pulsing influences photoradiation outcomes in cell culture.

Background And Objectives: Skin pigmentation can adversely affect phototherapy outcomes. Delivering pulsed light has been suggested as a means of enhancing efficacy. Suitable pulse frequencies remain indeterminate, often being selected empirically.

Reciprocity of exposure time and irradiance on energy density during photoradiation on wound healing in a murine pressure ulcer model.

Background: Energy density and exposure time reciprocity is assumed and routinely used in low-level light therapy (LLLT) regimens. This study examined dose reciprocity effects on wound healing.

Methods: Pressure ulcers were created on seven groups of C57/BL mice (n = 18).

Melanin density affects photobiomodulation outcomes in cell culture.

Objective: This study investigated the influence of melanin on the outcome of photoradiation at 670 nm in a cell culture model.

Background Data: Melanins are naturally occurring cutaneous pigments. Human skin is classified into six skin types based on melanin content.

Histologic assessment of mesh fixation following laser-assisted tissue soldering in a lapine model.

Objective: Wound histology and mesh bioincorporation following intraperitoneal fixation using laser-assisted soldering was evaluated.

Methods: 2.8-3.

Preliminary assessment of postoperative adhesion formation after laser-assisted mesh fixation to the peritoneal surface.

Objective: This study evaluated the incidence and persistence of adhesions following intraperitoneal onlay mesh fixation with tissue soldering in an experimental model.

Methods: Anesthetized New Zealand white rabbits (n = 21), weighing 2.8-3.

A study of the effects of phototherapy dose interval on photobiomodulation of cell cultures.

Background And Objectives: Dosimetry and treatment frequency are controversial phototherapy issues. Efficacy of dose fractionation on photobiomodulation was evaluated in vitro.

Study Design/materials And Methods: Human HEP-2 and murine L-929 cell lines were cultured in complete DMEM media.

Temperature-controlled 830-nm low-level laser therapy of experimental pressure ulcers.

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of near-infrared low-level laser therapy (LLLT) treatment of pressure ulcers under temperature-controlled conditions.

Background Data: Little information is available regarding the potential thermal effects of near-infrared photo-radiation during LLLT.

Methods: Pressure ulcers were created in C57BL mice by placing the dorsal skin between two round ceramic magnetic plates (12.

Development of a simple, noninvasive, clinically relevant model of pressure ulcers in the mouse.

The formation of pressure ulcers and other skin wounds is considered to be a multifactorial process. Cycles of ischemia-reperfusion have been considered to be significant contributing factors in the pathogenesis of pressure ulcers. This study reports the development of a reproducible murine model of ischemia-reperfusion injury by the external application of magnets.

Alteration of skin temperature during low-level laser irradiation at 830 nm in a mouse model.

Objective: This study investigated the change in local skin temperature in black and white mice during irradiation at 830 nm.

Background Data: The photostimulation effect low-level laser therapy (LLLT) (700-900 nm) is widely accepted and used. However, the exact biological mechanisms of biostimulation are not yet established.

Reducing toxicity of cisplatin in cancer chemotherapy by extracorporeal removal of excess cisplatin.

Cisplatin and its derivatives are today among the most frequently used agents for treatment of malignancies, the dose, however, is limited by side effects. When an organ or extremity with tumor has a single, well defined artery, cisplatin can be delivered into the tumor, and cisplatin leaving the tumor through the venous drainage can be removed before it empties into the systemic circulation. We developed a hollow fiber device with an immobilized platinum chelator for extracorporeal removal of cisplatin, without the chelator entering the blood.

A preliminary study of laser tissue soldering as arterial wall reinforcement in an acute experimental aneurysm model.

Background And Objectives: Aneurysm formation results from destruction of structural arterial wall connective tissue, leading to wall weakening and rupture. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that reinforcement of the arterial wall using laser tissue soldering contributes to arterial wall stabilization and rupture prevention in an acute experimental model.

Study Design/materials And Methods: Elastase (10 U/mg protein, Sigma-Aldrich Co.