Comparison of passive targeted delivery of inorganic and organic nanocarriers among different types of tumors.

In this study, we have considered four types of nanoparticles (NPs): polylactic acid (PLA), gold (Au), calcium carbonate (CaCO), and silica (SiO) with similar sizes (TEM: 50-110 nm and DLS: 110-140 nm) to examine their passive accumulation in three different tumors: colon (CT26), melanoma (B16-F10), and breast (4T1) cancers. Our results demonstrate that each tumor model showed a different accumulation of NPs, in the following order: CT26 > B16-F10 > 4T1. The Au and PLA NPs were evidently characterized by a higher delivery efficiency in case of CT26 tumors compared to CaCO and SiO NPs.

Advanced technique of myocardial no-reflow quantification using indocyanine green.

The post-ischemic no-reflow phenomenon after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is observed in more than half of subjects and is defined as the absence or marked slowing of distal coronary blood flow despite removal of the arterial occlusion. To visualize no-reflow in experimental studies, the fluorescent dye thioflavin S (ThS) is often used, which allows for the estimation of the size of microvascular obstruction by staining the endothelial lining of vessels. Based on the ability of indocyanine green (ICG) to be retained in tissues with increased vascular permeability, we proposed the possibility of using it to assess not only the severity of microvascular obstruction but also the degree of vascular permeability in the zone of myocardial infarction.

Influence of Interleukin-2 and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) on the Size of Myocardial Infarction in Rats with Systemic Inflammatory Response.

We studied the influence of recombinant IL-2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on the size of the myocardial necrosis zone of rats with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). A significant increase in the necrosis zone and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines was revealed in animals with SIRS in comparison with the control. The administration of IL-2 to animals with SIRS significantly reduced the size of the necrosis zone, which was paralleled by a pronounced increase in IL-2 and BDNF in comparison with the corresponding parameters in rats with SIRS that did not receive IL-2.

Effect of Carbon Dots Concentration on Electrical and Optical Properties of Their Composites with a Conducting Polymer.

Cqd/pedot: PSS composites were prepared via the hydrothermal method from glucose carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and an aqueous solution of PEDOT:PSS conducting polymer and their electrical and optical properties were investigated. The morphology and structure of these samples were investigated by AFM, SEM, EDX, and EBSD. It was found that the CQDs and CQD/PEDOT:PSS composites had a globular structure with globule sizes of ~50-300 nm depending on the concentration of PEDOT:PSS in these composites.

Fluorescently Labeled Gadolinium Ferrate/Trigadolinium Pentairon(III) Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, In Vivo Biodistribution, and Application for Visualization of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Various gadolinium compounds have been proposed as contrasting agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, we suggested a new synthesis method of gadolinium ferrate/trigadolinium pentairon(III) oxide nanoparticles (GF/TPO NPs). The specific surface area of gadolinium ferrate (GdFeO) and trigadolinium pentairon(III) oxide (GdFeO) nanoparticles was equal to 42 and 66 m/g, respectively.

Reversible myocardial ischaemia caused by ectopic left circumflex coronary artery: a case report.

Background: Coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) are congenital disorders associated with variable manifestations and pathophysiological mechanisms. Anomalies can be asymptomatic or cause chest pain, myocardial infarction, or even sudden cardiac death.

Case Summary: We describe a 34-year-old man with a history of a single episode of chest pain.

Theranostic Platforms Based on Silica and Magnetic Nanoparticles Containing Quinacrine, Chitosan, Fluorophores, and Quantum Dots.

In this paper, we describe the synthesis of multilayer nanoparticles as a platform for the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic injuries. The platform is based on magnetite (MNP) and silica (SNP) nanoparticles, while quinacrine is used as an anti-ischemic agent. The synthesis includes the surface modification of nanoparticles with (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPMS), the immobilization of quinacrine, and the formation of a chitosan coating, which is used to fix the fluorophore indocyanine green (ICG) and colloidal quantum dots AgInS/ZnS (CQDs), which serve as secondary radiation sources.

Effect of sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and ileal transposition on myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury in non-obese non-diabetic rats.

Bariatric surgery (BS) improves outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Here we tested the hypothesis that BS-mediated reduction in fatal MI could be attributed to its infarct-limiting effect. Wistar rats were randomized into five groups: control (CON), sham (SHAM), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and ileotransposition (IT).

Hsp70-containing extracellular vesicles are capable of activating of adaptive immunity in models of mouse melanoma and colon carcinoma.

The release of Hsp70 chaperone from tumor cells is found to trigger the full-scale anti-cancer immune response. Such release and the proper immune reaction can be induced by the delivery of recombinant Hsp70 to a tumor and we sought to explore how the endogenous Hsp70 can be transported to extracellular space leading to the burst of anti-cancer activity. Hsp70 transport mechanisms were studied by analyzing its intracellular tracks with Rab proteins as well as by using specific inhibitors of membrane domains.

Controlling the Movement of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Intended for Targeted Delivery of Cytostatics.

Background: A promising approach to solve the problem of cytostatic toxicity is targeted drug transport using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs).

Purpose: To use calculation to determine the optimal characteristics of the magnetic field for controlling MNPs in the body, and to evaluate the efficiency of magnetically controlled delivery of MNPs in vitro and in vivo to a tumour site in mice.

Material And Methods: For the in vitro study, reference MNPs were used, while for in vivo studies, MNPs coated in polylactide including fluorescent indocyanine (MNPs-ICG) were used.

Effects of three types of bariatric interventions on myocardial infarct size and vascular function in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: The effects of three types of bariatric interventions on myocardial infarct size were tested in the rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We also evaluated the effects of bariatric surgery on no-reflow phenomenon and vascular dysfunction caused by T2DM.

Main Methods: Rats with T2DM were assigned into groups: without surgery, sham-operated, ileal transposition, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and sleeve gastrectomy.

Biological Safety and Biodistribution of Chitosan Nanoparticles.

The effect of unmodified chitosan nanoparticles with a size of ~100 nm and a weakly positive charge on blood coagulation, metabolic activity of cultured cardiomyocytes, general toxicity, biodistribution, and reactive changes in rat organs in response to their single intravenous administration at doses of 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg was studied. Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) have a small cytotoxic effect and have a weak antiplatelet and anticoagulant effect. Intravenous administration of CNPs does not cause significant hemodynamic changes, and 30 min after the CNPs administration, they mainly accumulate in the liver and lungs, without causing hemolysis and leukocytosis.