Increased background parenchymal enhancement on peri-menopausal breast magnetic resonance imaging.

Objectives: To examine the background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) levels in peri-menopausal breast MRI compared with pre- and post-menopausal breast MRI.

Methods: This study included 562 patients (55.8±12.

MATHEMATICAL JUSTIFICATION OF THE CHOICE OF RODS FOR EXTERNAL FIXATION DEVICES FOR POLYSTRUCTURAL PELVIC INJURIES.

Aim - In order to fulfill the purpose of biomechanical substantiation for extrafocal pelvic osteosynthesis in osteoporosis we studied the stress-strain state (SSS) of LEG under conditions of external fixation by apparatuses with cylindrical and conical rods. Studies of the stress-strain state of the lower extremity belt by the finite element method were carried out under conditions of external fixation by devices with cylindrical and conical rods. In the finite element method, the approximate solution is constructed as a superposition of approximating functions.

Diagnostic performance of the Kaiser score for characterizing lesions on breast MRI with comparison to a multiparametric classification system.

Purpose: To determine the diagnostic performance of the Kaiser score and to compare it with the BI-RADS-based multiparametric classification system (MCS).

Method: Two breast radiologists, blinded to the clinical and pathological information, separately evaluated a database of 499 consecutive patients with structural 3.0 T breast MRI and 697 histopathologically verified lesions.

[Analysis of adequacy of actual nutrition for athletes at training camps].

An increase in special performance in elite sports requires optimization of the metabolic parameters of the organism at all stages of the annual training cycle. In this regard, it is relevant to analyze the adequacy of the actual nutrition of athletes, taking into account the energy expenditures of training loads in different seasons of the year. of this study was to analyze the integral adequacy and balance of the main and essential components of the diet of athletes in different seasonal periods of the annual training cycle.

A multiparametric classification system for lesions detected by breast magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: To validate a new categorisation scheme for suspicious breast lesions according to the well-defined Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lexicon descriptors, apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC), T2-weighted signal intensity (SI), and kinetic curve assessment categories.

Methods: The MRI descriptors and ADC were analysed in 697 lesions detected in 499 subjects. The descriptors were classified into Minor, Intermediate, and Major findings, and were divided into the BI-RADS subcategories 3, 4A, 4B, 4C, and 5 according to the number of descriptors.

[Using of specialized food for the workers with skin occupational eczema of perlite production].

The research was conducted with participation of the perlite production workers with professional eczema (165 people in the main group and 152 from the control group without skin pathology). The effectiveness of the use of a specialized prophylactic food in the diet of workers was assessed on the basis of the study of the dynamics of the indicators of nutritional and clinical status. Inclusion of kissel, containing pectin, vitamin A (300% from RDA), vitamin E and zinc (40% from RDA), biologically active substances of plant origin in the diet of the examined against the background of the course of complex therapy, has resulted in a positive influence on individual laboratory values, demonstrating the optimization of metabolic processes, which characterize the pathogenesis of skin inflammation.

Galactography is not an obsolete investigation in the evaluation of pathological nipple discharge.

Purpose: To evaluate the malignancy rate and diagnostic performance of galactography in patients with pathological nipple discharge (PND) after negative clinical breast examination, mammography and ultrasound.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all galactograms obtained between January 2006 and December 2014 in women with PND. Galactographic findings were classified into 6 groups according to a modified Galactogram Image Classification system (GICS) to comply with the breast imaging reporting and data system classification.

Two-Photon-Induced Microstereolithography of Chitosan-g-Oligolactides as a Function of Their Stereochemical Composition.

Chitosan--oligolactide copolymers with relatively long oligolactide grafted chains of various stereochemical compositions have been synthetized via a solvent-free mechanochemical technique and tailored to fabricate three-dimensional hydrogels using two-photon induced microstereolithography. An effect of the characteristics of chitosan and oligolactide used for the synthesis on the grafting yield and copolymer's behavior were evaluated using fractional analysis, FTIR-spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and UV-spectrophotometry. The lowest copolymer yield was found for the system based on chitosan with higher molecular weight, while the samples consisting of low-molecular weight chitosan showed higher grafting degrees, which were comparable in both the cases of l,l- or l,d-oligolactide grafting.

[Evaluation of preventive effectiveness of food products by community-acquired pneumonia with unknown causative agent].

The aim of the study is to evaluate a preventive effectiveness of food products with elevated content of biologically active substances by community-acquired pneumonia with unknown causative agent. The authors studied two groups of youngsters (18 years old) during period of adaptation to conditions of organized group: with normal nutritional status [with body mass index (BMI) = 19.5-22.

[Regional features of food standards and health risks associated with chemical contamination of food].

In the article there are presented results of a study of the balance of food consumption by the population of the Voronezh region, the assessment of the level of contamination of food products and both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic and public health risk caused by this contamination. There was evaluated the level of nutrition-dependent diseases. A special feature of this study is a comparative analysis of data obtained during the two five-year periods of 1995-1999 and 2010-2014, that permitted to reveal changes in food consumption, the dynamics of morbidity rate associated with the nutritional factor.

[Cytogenetic indices of buccal epithelium in schoolchildren residing in territories with different levels of the air pollution].

In the article there are contained the results of the study of ambient air of the regional center, urban-type settlement, and buccal epithelium in 87 schoolchildren aged of 11-13 years. Schoolchildren residing in the regional center were shown to be more susceptible to the exposure to such toxicants as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, fluorhydric acid, chlorine and its compounds, sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde contained in the ambient air. In this group of students if compared with students who live in the village, there were revealed more pronounced cytogenetic deteriorations in oral mucosal epitheliocytes: cells with micronuclei, different forms of protrusion of the core, dual-core cell mitosis, kariokynesis, apoptotic bodies significantly more common occur, that can speak about both not only of cytogenetic instability, but and the degree of environmental genotoxicity, in particular, ambient air.

[Topical problems and prospects of industrial medicine nowadays (according to materials of scientific and practical conferences of 2014)].

The article presents results of scientific and practical conferences on occupational medicine problems, that were held in Moscow, St-Petersburg, Rostov-na-Donu, Nizhny Novgorod, Sochi, Irkutsk, Angarsk. Prospective trends of research work and practical implementation in occupational medicine and industrial ecology are set.

[Hygienic aspects of iodic deficiency in the children's population of the Saratov region].

The analysis of clusters of iodine-scarce states formation among the children's population of the Saratov Region is submitted. The hygienic assessment of iodine content in raw food materials and foodstuffs grown up and made on the territory of the Saratov Region is given. It has been revealed that various food groups were characterized by a low iodine content, which was (mcg/100 g) in the bread--4.

[Effeciency of usage of natural low caloric protein-vegetable product by patients with excess body weight and hypertension].

The efficiency of the usage of natural low caloric concentrated protein-vegetable food product (LCCF) by 23 persons with excess body weight at the age of 30-44 years (the 1st group) and 30 hypertensive patients at remission stage and overweight at age 45-59 years old (the 2nd group) has been assessed. According to energy expenditure, all examined male persons were classified to II group of physical activity: PhysicalActivity Coefficient (PAC) was 1,35±0,14 and 1,34±0,22 respectively. As for dietary intake, authors revealed an excess of protein (up to 20,1%), fat (up to 17,2%) and daily caloric content over daily energy expenditure that led to an increase of body weight along with metabolic and liver function disorders.

[Toxicological-hygienic assessment of the low-alcohol tonic (energizing) carbonated drinks].

The impact of the low-alcohol tonic (energizing) carbonated drinks on biochemical and hematological indices, on the functional state of the central nervous system and cardiovascular system was studied within the experiment over the outbred white male rats. The gained results were compared to indices of animals receiving the same concentrated solution of ethanol used for drinks preparation as well as to figures of intact group animals. The results gained from all compared animals groups had no significant differences.

[Functional properties of endothelium of peripheral vessels in adolescents].

In a random sample of adolescent schoolchildren (n=204) we assessed functional state of endothelium of brachial artery by test with reactive hyperemia. The data obtained was compared with values of arterial pressure and nutritional status of these adolescents and results of questionnaire survey of their parents concerning heredity and lifestyle. In 12.

Ensemble properties of network rigidity reveal allosteric mechanisms.

The distance constraint model (DCM) is a unique computational modeling paradigm that integrates mechanical and thermodynamic descriptions of macromolecular structure. That is, network rigidity calculations are used to account for nonadditivity within entropy components, thus restoring the utility of free-energy decomposition. The DCM outputs a large number of structural characterizations that collectively allow for quantified stability-flexibility relationships (QSFR) to be identified.

[Effect of microwave on migration in the model environment of chemicals from materials that come into contact with foodstuffs].

Under the influence of microwaves is migration of chemical and metals used in manufacture for these furnaces. This confirms the need for research to develop modes of training materials used in the manufacture of utensils used in microwave ovens.

Dynamics of coregulator-induced conformational perturbations in androgen receptor ligand binding domain.

Androgen receptor (AR) coregulators modulate ligand-induced gene expression in a tissue specific manner. The molecular events that follow coactivator binding to AR and the mechanisms that govern the sequence-specific effects of AR coregulators are poorly understood. Using consensus coactivator sequence D11-FxxLF and biophysical techniques, we show that coactivator association is followed by conformational rearrangement in AR ligand binding domain (AR-LBD) that is enthalpically and entropically favorable with activation energy of 29.

Understanding diversity of human innate immunity receptors: analysis of surface features of leucine-rich repeat domains in NLRs and TLRs.

Background: The human innate immune system uses a system of extracellular Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and intracellular Nod-like receptors (NLRs) to match the appropriate level of immune response to the level of threat from the current environment. Almost all NLRs and TLRs have a domain consisting of multiple leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), which is believed to be involved in ligand binding. LRRs, found also in thousands of other proteins, form a well-defined "horseshoe"-shaped structural scaffold that can be used for a variety of functions, from binding specific ligands to performing a general structural role.

Kinetic and thermodynamic characterization of dihydrotestosterone-induced conformational perturbations in androgen receptor ligand-binding domain.

Ligand-induced conformational perturbations in androgen receptor (AR) are important in coactivator recruitment and transactivation. However, molecular rearrangements in AR ligand-binding domain (AR-LBD) associated with agonist binding and their kinetic and thermodynamic parameters are poorly understood. We used steady-state second-derivative absorption and emission spectroscopy, pressure and temperature perturbations, and 4,4'-bis-anilinonaphthalene 8-sulfonate (bis-ANS) partitioning to determine the kinetics and thermodynamics of the conformational changes in AR-LBD after dihydrotestosterone (DHT) binding.

On the role of structural class of a protein with two-state folding kinetics in determining correlations between its size, topology, and folding rate.

The time it takes for proteins to fold into their native states varies over several orders of magnitude depending on their native-state topology, size, and amino acid composition. In a number of previous studies, it was found that there is strong correlation between logarithmic folding rates and contact order for proteins that fold with two-state kinetics, while such correlation is absent for three-state proteins. Conversely, strong correlations between folding rates and chain length occur within three-state proteins, but not in two-state proteins.

New insight into long-range nonadditivity within protein double-mutant cycles.

Additivity principles in chemistry, biochemistry, and biophysics have been used extensively for decades. Nevertheless, it is well known that additivity frequently breaks down in complex biomacromolecules. Nonadditivity within protein double mutant free energy cycles of spatially close residue pairs is a generally well-understood phenomenon, whereas a robust description of nonadditivity extending over large distances remains to be developed.

Elliptic and circular dichroism effects in two-photon double ionization of atoms.

An ab initio parametrization of the two-photon double ionization amplitude from an s2 subshell of an atom in a 1S state is presented and used to predict two light polarization effects on photoelectron angular distributions that do not exist in single-photon double ionization: (i) elliptic dichroism and (ii) circular dichroism at equal energy sharing. Estimates for He show large magnitudes for these effects, which provide a means for polarization control of double ionization by vacuum ultraviolet light.