Attitude, Practice and Perceived Barrier for Tobacco Cessation Counseling and Nicotine Replacement Therapy among Private Dental Practitioners of North India: A Web based Survey.

Objective: To assess the attitude and practices towards the Tobacco Cessation Counselling and Nicotine Replacement Therapy and identify the possible barriers towards the implementation of these practices amongst Private dental practitioners of North, India.  Methodology: A cross sectional web based survey using 33 item pre-tested self administered questionnaire was conducted. A total of 250 valid responses were received and were available for analysis.

Pudendal Neuralgia: A Review of the Current Literature.

Purpose Of Review: This paper aims to review pudendal neuralgia pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment options.

Recent Findings: Conservative and pharmacologic options are first line treatments for the treatment of pudendal neuralgia. Interventional treatment such as, pudendal nerve blocks can be tried if first line treatments feel to provide adequate analgesia.

Inhibition of amyloid-beta aggregation by phenyl butyric acid analogs and bile acids: a comprehensive in silico study.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disorder defined by the formation of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles within the brain. Current pharmacological treatments for AD only provide symptomatic relief, and there is a lack of definitive disease-modifying therapies. Chemical chaperones, such as 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4PBA) and Tauroursodeoxycholic acid, have shown neuroprotective effects in animal and cell culture models.

Tirzepatide mitigates cognitive decline in zebrafish model of type 2 diabetes mellitus induced by high-fat diet.

In examining the enduring consequences of diabetes, recent research has focused on the anticipated outcomes of the condition. Specifically, cognitive impairment has been linked to diabetes mellitus dating back to the discovery of insulin. This study delves into the neuroprotective effects of TZP, i.

Comparative Evaluation of 4% Articaine and 2% Lignocaine Anesthetic Agents in Children: A Split-mouth Randomized Control Trial.

Aim: The objective of the present study is to assess and compare the effectiveness of two different anesthetic agents, namely, 4% articaine and 2% lignocaine, in the extraction of primary molar teeth in children.

Materials And Methods: The study included 25 children requiring bilateral extractions of primary molar, with extraction performed on one side with 4% articaine and the contralateral side extraction with 2% lignocaine at two separate appointments. The anesthetic efficacy was evaluated objectively by assessing pain and the child's behavior at baseline, during injection and during extraction using the sound, eye, and motor (SEM) scale objectively, and subjectively using the faces pain rating scale (FPS).

Delving Into lncRNA-Mediated Regulation of Autophagy-Associated Signaling Pathways in the Context of Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is a multifaceted and prevalent malignancy, impacting a considerable proportion of women globally. Numerous signaling pathways intricately regulate cellular functions such as growth, proliferation, and survival. Among the various regulators, lncRNAs have emerged as significant players despite their inability to encode proteins.

A Comprehensive Review of Psychosocial, Academic, and Psychological Issues Faced by University Students in India.

Background: University students confront a wide range of issues during their pursuit of education. Understanding these issues is essential for developing effective treatments and support systems.

Purpose: This study aims to delineate the landscape of scholarly literature pertaining to psychosocial, academic, and psychological issues among university students.

Viral Infection Associated Membranous Nephropathy: Clinical Presentation and Outcomes.

Background: Viral infections can increase the likelihood of an individual developing membranous nephropathy (MN). Limited information is available regarding the treatment approaches for such cases. We conducted a review focusing on hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated MN.

High energy density solid state symmetric supercapacitors using ionic liquid dispersed Li ion-perovskites.

The study reports solid-state ceramic supercapacitors (SSCs) assembled using a novel composite electrolyte based on Li ion conducting perovskite-type LLTO (LiLaTiO) and an ionic liquid (EMIM BF). Small amounts of various ionic liquids (ILs) were added to LLTO to enhance the ionic conductivity and improve electrode compatibility. The optimal composition with approximately ∼6 wt% EMIM BF in LLTO exhibited a high ionic conductivity of around ∼10 Ω cm at room temperature, nearly three orders of magnitude higher than that of the pristine LLTO.

Biosimilars: A Critical Review of Development, Regulatory Landscape, and Clinical Implications.

The biopharmaceutical industry has witnessed significant growth in the development and approval of biosimilars. These biosimilars aim to provide cost-effective alternatives to expensive originator biosimilars, alleviating financial pressures within healthcare. The manufacturing of biosimilars is a highly complex process that involves several stages, each of which must meet strict regulatory standards to ensure that the final product is highly similar to the reference biologic.

International myeloma working group immunotherapy committee recommendation on sequencing immunotherapy for treatment of multiple myeloma.

T-cell redirecting therapy (TCRT), specifically chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR T-cells) and bispecific T-cell engagers (TCEs) represent a remarkable advance in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). There are several products available around the world and several more in development targeting primarily B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member D (GRPC5D). The relatively rapid availability of multiple immunotherapies brings the necessity to understand how a certain agent may affect the safety and efficacy of a subsequent immunotherapy so MM physicians and patients can aim at optimal sequential use of these therapies.

Propidium Monoazide is Unreliable for Quantitative Live-Dead Molecular Assays.

Propidium monoazide (PMA) is a dye that distinguishes between live and dead cells in molecular assays like the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). It works by cross-linking to the DNA of cells that have compromised membranes or extracellular DNA upon photoactivation, making the DNA inaccessible for amplification. Currently, PMA is used to detect viable pathogens and alleviate systemic bias in the microbiome analysis of samples using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Jigsaw technique: Will it help Gen Z nursing students?

This research focuses on Generation Z (Gen Z) students, specifically those in nursing colleges. Gen Z individuals display unique characteristics in terms of thinking, personality, lifestyle, and learning preferences compared to preceding generations, necessitating adaptations in teaching methodologies within nursing schools. This study explores the effectiveness of the Jigsaw Technique (JST) in engaging first-year undergraduate nursing students in learning process.

Case-area targeted interventions and free chlorine residual in household drinking water: An observational cohort study during a cholera outbreak in Northeast Nigeria.

Background: Cholera outbreaks are surging worldwide. Growing research supports case-area targeted interventions (CATIs), whereby teams provide a package of interventions to case and neighboring households, as an effective strategy in cholera outbreak control, particularly in humanitarian settings. While research exists on individual CATI interventions, research gaps exist on outcomes of integrated interventions during CATI responses.

Negative Pressure Dressings to Prevent Surgical Site Infection After Emergency Laparotomy: The SUNRRISE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Patients undergoing unplanned abdominal surgical procedures are at increased risk of surgical site infection (SSI). It is not known if incisional negative pressure wound therapy (iNPWT) can reduce SSI rates in this setting.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of iNPWT in reducing the rate of SSI in adults undergoing emergency laparotomy with primary skin closure.

Shear Wave Elastography as an Supplement Tool in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Axillary Lymph Nodes.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of quantitative shear wave elastography in differentiating benign and malignant axillary lymph nodes (ALN).

Methods: Exactly 127 lymph nodes from 127 patients with clinically palpable axillary swelling were examined by both B-mode sonography and elastography from November 2022 to March 2024. Gray-scale sonograms were evaluated based on: the short-axis diameter, shape, hilum, maximum cortical thickness, and border of the ALN.

Anionic lipid catalyzes the generation of cytotoxic insulin oligomers.

Misfolding and aggregation of proteins into amyloidogenic assemblies are key features of several metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Human insulin has long been known to form amyloid fibrils under various conditions, which affects its bioavailability and function. Clinically, insulin aggregation at recurrent injection sites poses a challenge for diabetic patients who rely on insulin therapy.

Electrochemically grafted molecular layers as on-chip energy storage molecular junctions.

Molecular junctions (MJs) are celebrated nanoelectronic devices for mimicking conventional electronic functions, including rectifiers, sensors, wires, switches, transistors, negative differential resistance, and memory, following an understanding of charge transport mechanisms. However, capacitive nanoscale molecular junctions are rarely seen. The present work describes electrochemically (E-Chem) grown covalently attached molecular thin films of 10, 14.

A systematic review of recent outbreaks and the efficacy and safety of drugs approved for the treatment of infections.

A systematic review was conducted to critically analyze the outbreaks, efficacy, and safety of drugs used to treat various infections. Four drugs-azithromycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and amoxicillin-are commonly used to treat infections, and all four drugs were included in this review. This review found that, of these, azithromycin and ceftriaxone were more effective in treating infections based on the patient's length of stay in the hospital and the rate at which the fever was resolved.

Characterization of Pancreatic Collagen-Expressing Fibroblasts in Mouse Acute Pancreatitis.

Background And Aims: Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are critical mediators in chronic pancreatitis with an undefined role in acute pancreatitis (AP). PSCs consist of a heterogenous group of cells and are considered interchangeable with pancreatic fibroblasts. This study explored the heterogeneous nature of PSCs by characterizing pancreatic collagen-expressing fibroblasts (PCFs) via lineage tracing in mouse normal and AP pancreas and determining the effect of PCF depletion in AP.

Highly Green Fluorescent Carbon Dots from Gallic Acid: A Turn-On Sensor toward Pb Ions.

Carbon dots (CDs) are emerging novel fluorescent sensing nanomaterials owing to their tunable optical properties, biocompatibility, and eco-friendliness. Herein, we report a facile one-pot hydrothermal route for the synthesis of highly green fluorescent CDs using gallic acid (GA) as a single carbon source in ,-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent, which serves as a nitrogen source and reaction medium. The optical properties of the synthesized GA-DMF CDs were systematically characterized by using UV-vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy, revealing strong green fluorescence.

Mechanistic Insight of Pharmacological Aspects of Violacein: Recent Trends and Advancements.

Since its discovery in the bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum, violacein-a striking purple pigment-has garnered significant interest due to its promising applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Violacein exhibits a range of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and antiparasitic effects, yet its complete molecular mechanisms are still being elucidated. Its mechanisms of action likely involve complex interactions with cellular receptors, signaling pathways, and specific molecular targets.

A first principles study of convection cells to shear flow instability in 2D Yukawa liquids driven by Reynolds stress.

The stability of kinetic-level convection cells (wherein the magnitude of macroscopic and microscopic velocities are of same order) is studied in a two-dimensional Yukawa liquid under the effect of microscopic velocity perturbations. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that for a given system aspect ratio β viz., the ratio of system length [Formula: see text] to its height [Formula: see text] and number of convective rolls initiated [Formula: see text], the fate of the convective cells is decided by [Formula: see text].

Unraveling the dual role of bilirubin in neurological Diseases: A Comprehensive exploration of its neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects.

Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by a progressive loss of neurons, causing substantial deficits in motor and cognitive functioning. Bilirubin is a yellow by-product of heme, existing in two primary isoforms namely unconjugated and conjugated, while initially produced unconjugated isomer is lipophilic and cytotoxic in nature. At physiological levels, bilirubin has an important role in brain function by acting as a powerful antioxidant, preventing brain tissues from oxidative damage by eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS).