The Elusive SLIPPERS Syndrome (Supratentorial Lymphocytic Inflammation with Parenchymal Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids): A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: In 2015, the term "SLIPPERS" was created to refer to a rare type of encephalomyelitis called CLIPPERS syndrome that affects the pons and sometimes other nearby structures, but in this case, it primarily affects the supratentorial region. This variation of the condition is responsive to treatment with steroids.

Case Description: We report the case of a patient who presented with seizures and visual field deficit and had typical radiological and histopathological characteristics of SLIPPERS syndrome.

Serum immune mediators as novel predictors of response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients with high tissue-PD-L1 expression.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies, have significantly changed the treatment outcomes with better overall survival, but only 15-40% of the patients respond to ICIs therapy. The search for predictive biomarkers of responses is warranted for better clinical outcomes.

Extensive Foreign Body Reaction to Synthetic Dural Replacement After Decompressive Craniectomy with Radiological and Histopathology Evidence: Observational Case Series.

Background: Though the indications are quite varied, decompressive craniectomy is considered a life-saving procedure. Maximal effectiveness of craniectomy is achieved when, in addition to bone removal, the dura mater is opened properly and is augmented with duraplasty. Different synthetic materials have been used over the decades to replace the dura during decompressive craniectomy.

Circulating exosomal immuno-oncological checkpoints and cytokines are potential biomarkers to monitor tumor response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies, have significantly changed the treatment outcomes of NSCLC patients with better overall survival. However, 15-40% of the patients still fail to respond to ICIs therapy. Identification of biomarkers associated with responses are mandated in order to increase the efficacy of such therapy.

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the penis: Description of a rare tumor arising in an unusual location.

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is a rare malignant soft tissue tumor that most commonly arises in the extremities. Its occurrence in the genitourinary tract is extremely uncommon. We present an 82-year-old man who was found to have incidental pulmonary metastasis by imaging studies.

Leptomeningeal Metastatic L858R -mutant Lung Cancer: Prompt Response to Osimertinib in the Absence of T790M-mutation and Effective Subsequent Pulsed Erlotinib.

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) is a known sequel of metastatic lung cancer and its treatment is challenging. Nevertheless, treatment options for LMC due to metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant (-mutant) lung adenocarcinoma are expanding. We present a 52-year-old male patient with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Purely Suprasellar (Hypothalamic) Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor Presenting with Diabetes Insipidus and Panhypopituitarism in an Adult Male: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a rare primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Little knowledge is available about natural history, behavior, prognosis, and best management guidelines of such tumor. Its occurrence in adults is very rare and more predominant in females.

Primary bladder amyloidosis mimicking bladder cancer complicated by bladder rupture: A case report.

Amyloidosis is related to the extracellular deposition of abnormal protein fibrils in various tissues. It can be either localized to an organ or generalized, affecting multiple systems. Amyloidosis of the urinary bladder is a rare histopathological finding.

Isolated pulmonary cryptococcosis in a patient with Crohn's disease treated with infliximab: A case report and literature review.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors are widely used to treat various inflammatory conditions, where they have demonstrated excellent efficacy and tolerability. However, increased risk of infections is one of the most important concerns associated with these agents. Reactivation of tuberculosis and fungal infections have emerged as significant infective complications of anti-TNF-α therapy.

A rare initial presentation of a thymic neuroendocrine tumor as Cushing's syndrome.

While evaluating the cause of Cushing's syndrome, biochemical confirmation should be sought first as imaging studies might misdirect the diagnosis toward the wrong problem. One of the rare secondary causes that should be kept in mind while evaluating Cushing's syndrome is the thymic neuroendocrine tumor.

gallbladder polyp masquerading as a neoplasm: Rare case report and literature review.

Schistosomiasis affecting the gastrointestinal tract is common in tropical and subtropical areas but associated polyps presenting as gallbladder pathology are rare clinical entities necessitating high clinical suspicion.

Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma: in-depth review of a genetically heterogeneous tumor.

First described in 1995 by Meis-Kindbloom et al. as a variant of fibrosarcoma simulating carcinoma, sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) is a malignant soft tissue sarcoma characterized by epithelioid cells in dense sclerotic stroma, frequent immunoreactivity for MUC4 and heterogeneous genetic profile with recurrent EWSR1 gene rearrangement. It typically affects middle-age adults with a predilection for the lower extremity.

Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma of bone with rare fusion gene: Case report and literature review.

Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma rarely arises in bone. fusion gene is rarely reported in PMHE of bone. Currently, fusion genes can be used as diagnostic markers in PMHE; however, their prognostic and therapeutic significance is unclear.

Endobronchial metastases secondary to prostate cancer: A case report and literature review.

Metastatic disease from solid extrapulmonary tumours affects the lungs frequently. Endobronchial metastases (EM) however are very rare. Most commonly breast, colorectal and renal carcinomas can result in endobronchial metastases.

Rosai-Dorfman disease of cranial and spinal origin - A case series.

Background: Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is an idiopathic nonneoplastic lymphadenopathy disorder which is characterized by lymph node enlargement, but it may also present primarily involving a variety of extranodal sites, including central nerves system and craniospinal axis. This study reports five cases of craniospinal RDD, with review of epidemiology, clinical presentation, imaging, and histopathological features with current management strategies.

Case Description: Five cases of RDD are diagnosed at Hamad General Hospital, Qatar, during 2013-2018.

A case of mycetoma-like chromoblastomycosis in Qatar.

Chromoblastomycosis is one of the neglected tropical mycoses associated with chronic infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues. We report a case of 49-year-old patient originally from India presented with a mycetoma-like lesion in his right foot which was slowly progressing over three-year period. The diagnosis of chromoblastomycosis was confirmed following surgical excision and identification of the unique histological pathology of muriform bodies.

Targeting Wnt/EZH2/microRNA-708 signaling pathway inhibits neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PC) castration resistance has been linked to the differentiation of PC luminal cells into hormone-refractory neuroendocrine (NE) cells. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling the emergence of lethal NE prostate cancer (NEPC) remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the transition from prostate adenocarcinoma to NEPC.

Thoracic Spinal Intramedullary Arachnoid Cyst Presented with Myelopathy with Marked Postoperative Improvement: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Intramedullary spinal cord arachnoid cysts are rare. So, we present an interesting case of adult male presented with myelopathic symptoms and signs. Further investigations revealed a finding of thoracic intramedullary cystic lesion, found postoperatively to be an arachnoid cyst.