The ADHD Phenotype in Black and White Girls From Childhood to Adolescence: Results From the Community-Based Pittsburgh Girls Study.

Objective: The goal of the present study is to describe the ADHD phenotype from childhood to adolescence in Black and White girls in a community sample.

Method: Primary caregivers enrolled in the population-based, longitudinal Pittsburgh Girls Study reported on girls' ADHD symptoms and impairment from ages 7 to 17; diagnostic subtypes were estimated based on meeting symptom criteria.

Results: The prevalence of any subtype of ADHD ranged from 6.

Predictors and Profiles of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among African American Adolescents and Young Adult Males Living with HIV.

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial for thwarting HIV disease progression and reducing secondary HIV transmission, yet youth living with HIV (YLH) struggle with adherence. The highest rates of new HIV infections in the United States occur in young African American men. A sample of 387 HIV-positive young African American males on ART was selected from a cross-sectional assessment of (YLH) receiving medical care within the Adolescent Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) from 2010 to 2012 (12-24 years old, median 22.

The Impact of Community Violence on School-Based Research.

Research conducted on youth exposure to violence has generally focused on documenting the prevalence of community violence and its emotional and behavioral implications. However, there is a dearth of information related to the impact of violence on the implementation and evaluation of community and school-based programs. This commentary examines the impact of community violence on a school-based research program.

The Relation of Severity and Type of Community Violence Exposure to Emotional Distress and Problem Behaviors Among Urban African American Adolescents.

Severity level and type of exposure to community violence were examined to determine their effect on emotional distress and problem behaviors among 234 low-income urban African American early adolescents. There were 4 violence exposure scales developed from a principal component analysis of the Richters and Martinez (1993) exposure to violence scale: moderate and severe witnessing and moderate and severe victimization. Regression analyses indicated that moderate victimization was the most consistent predictor of emotional distress and behavioral problems, whereas moderate witnessing did not relate to any of the dependent variables.

Effects of coping-skills training in low-income urban African-American adolescents with asthma.

Background: Minority teens with asthma are at particular risk for this life-threatening disease due to increased morbidity and mortality rates in addition to the normal challenges of adolescence.

Objective: The purpose of this randomized controlled trial (n = 137) was to determine the effects of a coping-skills training program (intervention) compared with standard asthma education (attention control) in African-American teens with asthma.

Methods: Adolescents were recruited from five African-American dominant high schools serving low-income areas of Chicago.