Prognostic significance of Ki67 during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in primary unresectable ovarian cancer.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the Ki67 values were associated with survival for predicting prognosis in patients with advanced ovarian cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

Methods: Among 17 patients treated with NACT, 13 patients were available for tissue samples from matched pre- and post-therapy tissues. Ki67 scores were transformed to a logarithmic scale for the statistical analyses.

Readministration of Platinum Agents in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer Patients Who Developed Hypersensitivity Reactions to Carboplatin.

Background/aim: Hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to carboplatin, a key drug for ovarian cancer patients, are problematic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of readministration of platinum agents (PTs) in recurrent ovarian cancer patients who developed HSRs to carboplatin.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-one patients with recurrent ovarian cancer who developed HSRs to carboplatin were divided into those who continued to receive PTs in the following cycle (continuation group, n=24) and those in whom either the drug was switched to non-platinum agents (non-PTs) or chemotherapy was ended (discontinuation group, n=7).

Survival Following Chemotherapy in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma Is Not Associated with Pathological Misclassification of Tumor Histotype.

Purpose: Although ovarian clear cell carcinomas (OCCC) are commonly resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy, good clinical outcomes are observed in a subset of patients. The explanation for this is unknown but may be due to misclassification of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) as OCCC or mixed histology.

Experimental Design: To discover potential biomarkers of survival benefit following platinum-based chemotherapy, we ascertained a cohort of 68 Japanese and Australian patients in whom progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) could be assessed.

The mesenchymal transition subtype more responsive to dose dense taxane chemotherapy combined with carboplatin than to conventional taxane and carboplatin chemotherapy in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma: A survey of Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group study (JGOG3016A1).

Objective: Recently, we established new histopathological subtypes of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) that include the mesenchymal transition (MT) type, the immune reactive (IR) type, the solid and proliferative (SP) type and the papillo-glandular (PG) type. Furthermore, we identified that the mesenchymal transcriptome subtype might be sensitive to taxane. We investigated whether these different histopathological subtypes of HGSOC require individualized chemotherapy for optimal treatment.

Clinical associations of Trousseau's syndrome associated with cerebral infarction and ovarian cancer.

Objective: Since there have been few large series studies to date, we investigated the relationship between Trousseau's syndrome associated with cerebral infarction and its clinical associations with ovarian cancer.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the association between cerebral infarction onset and ovarian cancer. Eight-hundred twenty-seven consecutive ovarian cancer patients from 4 affiliated academic institutions were included in the study over a 12 years period.

Retrospective analysis of sites of recurrence in stage I epithelial ovarian cancer.

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate recurrence of stage I epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: Six hundred two patients diagnosed with stage I epithelial ovarian cancer at 4 hospitals between 2000 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Age, surgical procedure, substage, histologic type, adjuvant chemotherapy, recurrence, initial recurrence site (peritoneal dissemination [P], hematogenous recurrence [H], lymphogenous recurrence [L], and others [O]), and frequency of recurrence at each site were investigated retrospectively.

Stepwise increase of MIB-1 index in frequently relapsed malignant peritoneal mesothelioma.

We identified the stepwise increase of MIB-1 index in a long-surviving malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) patient with a history of frequent relapse. A 29-year-old Japanese woman showed upper abdominal induration with adnexal tumor. Imaging study with biochemical analyses strongly suggested peritoneal tumor.

Concurrent high-grade serous carcinoma and borderline tumor demonstrating different chemo-sensitivity.

Ovarian high-grade serous adenocarcinoma responds well to regular platinum/taxane chemotherapy, while borderline tumor survives and demonstrates persistent disease. A 69-year-old Japanese woman was suspected for having advanced ovarian carcinoma. MRI showed cystic tumor containing solid component of the right adnexal region with massive ascites and peritoneal dissemination.

Adjuvant therapy after radical surgery for stage IB-IIB cervical adenocarcinoma with risk factors.

Objective: Patients with adeno/adenosquamous carcinoma may have a poorer prognosis than patients with squamous cell carcinoma. Radiotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy are used as adjuvant therapies for cervical cancer, regardless of the histological subtype. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic outcome of adjuvant therapy for patients with adeno/adenosquamous carcinoma with pathological risk factors.

Establishment and characterization of a clear cell carcinoma cell line, designated NOCC, derived from human ovary.

A cell line, designated NOCC, was established from the ascites of a patient with clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary. The cell line has been grown without interruption and continuously propagated by serial passaging (more than 76 times) over 7 years. The cells are spherical to polygonal-shaped, display neoplastic, and pleomorphic features, and grow in a jigsaw puzzle-like pattern while forming monolayers without contact inhibition.

Randomized Phase III Trial of Irinotecan Plus Cisplatin Compared With Paclitaxel Plus Carboplatin As First-Line Chemotherapy for Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma: JGOG3017/GCIG Trial.

Purpose: Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) is a rare histologic subtype that demonstrates poor outcomes in epithelial ovarian cancer. The Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group conducted the first randomized phase III, CCC-specific clinical trial that compared irinotecan and cisplatin (CPT-P) with paclitaxel plus carboplatin (TC) in patients with CCC.

Patients And Methods: Six hundred sixty-seven patients with stage I to IV CCC of the ovary were randomly assigned to receive irinotecan 60 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, and 15 plus cisplatin 60 mg/m(2) on day 1 (CPT-P group) every 4 weeks for six cycles or paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) plus carboplatin area under the curve 6.

Malignant Struma Ovarii With a Predominant Component of Anaplastic Carcinoma.

Struma ovarii exhibiting malignant histology are uncommon, and aggressive clinical courses with initial extraovarian spread are even more rare. This report describes a case of malignant struma ovarii with a predominant anaplastic carcinoma component. A 65-yr-old, gravida 2, para 2, female presented with lower abdominal discomfort and pain.

Progression-free survival by local investigator versus independent central review: comparative analysis of the AGO-OVAR16 Trial.

Background: Analysis of progression-free survival (PFS) as the primary endpoint in advanced epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer (AEOC) trials may be confounded by the difficulty of radiologic evaluation of disease progression and the potential for discrepancy between investigator and blinded independent central assessments. PFS as assessed by local investigator (INV) was the primary endpoint of AGO-OVAR16, a randomized, double-blind trial of pazopanib maintenance therapy in AEOC. To confirm the robustness of the primary analysis, PFS was also evaluated by blinded independent central review (BICR).

Success rate and safety of tumor debulking with diaphragmatic surgery for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer and peritoneal cancer.

Purpose: In advanced epithelial ovarian and peritoneal cancer, residual tumor diameter correlates with prognosis; therefore, maximum debulking and optimal surgery (OS) for residual tumors <1 cm is warranted. Here, we clarified the efficacy of tumor debulking with diaphragmatic surgery (DS).

Methods: In 45 patients with epithelial ovarian or peritoneal cancer who underwent DS (ten, full-thickness resection; 35, stripping) between January 2010 and December 2013 at two related institutions, we retrospectively evaluated OS safety and success by surgical duration, blood loss, complications, hospitalization stay, and residual tumor diameter and site.

Treatment-interval associated effect of irradiation on locoregionally-relapsed ovarian cancer.

Recurrent ovarian cancer following chemotherapy is usually incurable, particularly when the tumor acquires a drug resistance. The present study aimed to define the effect of irradiation on locoregional recurrences and the impact of the factors on the efficacy. The study retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 61 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who received irradiation following repeated chemotherapy between 1997 and 2006.

Pathology-oriented treatment strategy of malignant ovarian tumor in pregnant women: analysis of 41 cases in Japan.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the histological findings on the treatment of malignant ovarian tumors in pregnant women.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 41 patients diagnosed and treated for ovarian malignancy during pregnancy between 1985 and 2010.

Results: The median age of the study group was 30 years old, ranging from 20 to 41.

Long-term results of dose-dense paclitaxel and carboplatin versus conventional paclitaxel and carboplatin for treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer (JGOG 3016): a randomised, controlled, open-label trial.

Background: The primary analysis of the JGOG 3016 trial showed that a dose-dense paclitaxel and carboplatin regimen significantly improves progression-free and overall survival compared with the conventional regimen as first-line chemotherapy for patients with epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer. We report the long-term follow-up results for survival.

Methods: This randomised controlled trial was done at 85 centres in Japan.

A feasibility study on maintenance of docetaxel after paclitaxel-carboplatin chemotherapy in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.

Objective: To test the concept of taxane sequencing, this feasibility trial evaluated maintenance of docetaxel after paclitaxel and carboplatin combination chemotherapy in patients with stage IC-IV ovarian cancer.

Methods: All patients received debulking surgery followed by paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy. Attainment of clinically defined complete or partial response was confirmed by image scanning.

Possible involvement of glycolipids in anticancer drug resistance of human ovarian serous carcinoma-derived cells.

Glycolipid and transporter protein gene expression in ovarian serous carcinoma-derived 2008 cells, and their paclitaxel-resistant Px2 and cisplatin-resistant C13 forms was examined to confirm the previous finding, i.e., that it was characteristically altered in anticancer drug-resistant cells established on continuous cultivation of ovarian carcinoma-derived KF28 cells in the different anticancer drug-containing media.

Ovarian cancer complicated by pregnancy: Analysis of 10 cases.

The objective of this study was to ascertain the evidence on ovarian cancer during pregnancy and compile recommendations derived from this information. This was a retrospective study, based on clinical histories from patients diagnosed and treated at 4 independent hospitals for ovarian cancer during pregnancy, between 1992 and 2009. The median age at diagnosis was 30 years (range, 24-41).

Short-term serum deprivation confers sensitivity to taxanes in platinum-resistant human ovarian cancer cells.

Background: Based on the evidences showing that serum deprivation provokes apoptosis in a variety of cells, we have investigated the effect of serum deprivation on drug sensitivity.

Methods: After human ovarian cancer cells were preincubated in 0.5 % serum containing medium for 12 hours, cellular drug sensitivities were determined by colony-forming assay.

Side population is increased in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines regardless of resistance to cisplatin.

Objectives: In recent years, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been reported to be correlated with chemoresistance and may also be enriched in side populations (SPs). In this study, the relationship between resistance to paclitaxel (PTX) and cisplatin (CDDP) and side populations was examined in three parental PTX- and CDDP-sensitive ovarian cancer cell lines (2008, KF28, and TU-OM-1) and several other cell lines derived from these as well as the additional effects of interferon-alpha (INF-α).

Methods: SP of three different parental cell lines and PTX- and/or CDDP-resistant cell lines derived from these was analyzed with flow cytometry.

Characterization of two independent, exposure-time dependent paclitaxel-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cell lines.

This experiment was conducted to address the question of whether acquired paclitaxel resistance is dependent upon whether it is given as a single brief exposure or as a long-term exposure. PX2 and PX24 were established from 2008 human ovarian cancer cells by 2-h single exposure or 24-h continuous exposure to paclitaxel. PX2 acquired paclitaxel resistance faster than PX24 by twofold.