Intraareolar polythelia: a rare anomaly.

Polythelia, the presence of supernumerary nipples or nipple-areola complexes, is the most common anomaly of the pediatric breast. Although polythelia is common, intraareolar polythelia (nipple dichotomy) is an extremely rare congenital malformation. Surgical treatment is performed as a prophylaxis against breast cancer which has a higher prevalence in polythelia or polymastia.

Brain morphology of patients with body dysmorphic disorder.

Background: There has been dearth of investigations concerning morphometric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of regional brain volumes in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). So we performed a volumetric MRI study in patients with BDD focusing on the in vivo neuroanatomy of thalamus, caudate nucleus, anterior cingulate cortex, and orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) concurrently.

Methods: The whole brain, total gray and white matter volume, thalamus, caudate nucleus, anterior cingulate cortex, and OFC volumes were blindly measured in 12 unmedicated male BDD patients not having any comorbidity and 12 male control subjects matched for age, and gender.