Reasons for Referring Patients for Determining the Hormonal Status of the Thyroid Gland From the Level of Primary Health Care in Sarajevo Canton.

Background: Thyroid dysfunction includes hyper- and hypofunction of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism). The spectrum encompasses both subclinical and clinical disease presentation. The etiology is vast and varied, as are the risk factors and simptoms.

CLINICAL EFFECTS OF HYPERBARIC LIDOCAINE AND BUPIVACAINE IN SPINAL ANESTHESIA - OUR EXPERIENCE.

Introduction: Various side effects and complications in the perioperative period can occur with the use of hyperbaric lidocaine and bupivacaine.

Goal: Comparative presentation of the occurrence of side effects and complications of hyperbaric lidocaine and bupivacaine during spinal anesthesia in our patients.

Methods: The study was retrospective and included 178 patients of both sexes.

IDegLira Improves Metabolic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Previously Treated with Premix Insulin.

Background: IDegLira( fixed combination of GLP 1 receptor agonist and insulin) has been shown to be effective in improving the glucoregulation in patients previously treated with oral therapy as well as individual components, GLP-1 receptor agonist or basal insulin.

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the parameters of metabolic control in patients treated with IDegLira who were previously treated with premix insulin in several daily doses and to compare them with patients whose premix insulin dose was increased.

Methods: The study included 100 patients who had been previously treated with two or three daily doses of premix insulin.

Frequency of Ventilator Associated Pneumonias in Patients in the Intensive Care Unit.

Introduction: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as nosocomial pneumonia in patients who have mechanical ventilation (MV) for more than 48 hours. The diagnosis of VAP is based on radiological-microbiological examinations. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Health Care Network (NHSN) have an incidence of VAP of 5.

The preemptive effect of tramadol and metamizole on the intensity of postoperative pain.

Aim To demonstrate the analgesic effect of preemptively administered tramadol and metamizole on the postoperative pain severity, after an elective operative hysterectomy with adnexectomy. Methods There were three groups with 30 patients in each group. Patients included in the study were between 45 to 67 years old.

The Effect of Prophylactic Doses of Reviparin on the Postoperative Value of Platelets.

Introduction: Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is used as anticoagulant in diseases characterized by possible thrombosis, as well as for thromboprophylaxis in surgery. The administration of LMWH preoperatively and postoperatively allows satisfactory thromboprophylaxis of patients undergoing surgery. Their application can reduce the number of platelets.

COMPARISON OF PLEXUS BRACHIAL BLOCKADE EFFECT BY SUPRACLAVICULAR AND AXILLARY APPROACH - OUR EXPERIENCE.

Introduction: Brachialis plexus block is a frequently used method of regional anesthesia that can be performed in several ways and locations. It has been successfully performed to provide good anesthesia and analgesia lasting several hours for operative procedures on hands. It can be performed by paresthesia technique or by ultrasound that has almost pushed out the old conventional technique since it allows the visualization of the blockade performance.

Insulin resistance and lipid accumulation product in corelation to body mass index in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Introduction: Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) are at increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and metabolic disorders including: dyslipidaemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, gestational diabetes, type 2 diabetes, systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. The prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance in women with PCOS is significantly higher compared to the general population. Lipid accumulation product is a new, cheap and easily available predictor for metabolic syndrome both in general population and in women with PCOS.

Complications in preserving the airway in intensive care unit patients.

Maintaining the airway in patients in intensive care unit (ICU) is often a vitally important issue for successful treatment of patients. The aim of the study was to identify the complications as the most common causes of difficult ventilation in ICU patients. This retrospective study included 12 patients with difficult pulmonary ventilation, aged 12-70 years, 8 male and 4 female.

[Vaccine for prevention of type 1 diabetes mellitus].

Diabetes mellitus type 1, known as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), results from a chronic autoimmune destruction of the insulin secreting pancreatic beta cells. This autoimmune process is marked by circulating auto antibodies to beta cell antigens. GAD 65 (Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase) auto antibodies are present in 70-80% of newly diagnosed patients with type 1 diabetes, and it can be detected many years before clinical onset of the disease.

[LEAP (Lantus Early Access Programme) in Sarajevo].

LEAP is multicentric study in phase IV. The first aim was to affirm Lantus efficacy and safety in every day practice, in local conditions. The second aims were to verify therapy successful by measuring fast blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c and to estimate patients' pleasure.

[Contemporary methods of prevention and treatment diabetic kidney disease].

The number of people with diabetes is increasing worldwide. Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Diabetic kidney disease has been reported to occur in 25-40% of people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

[Unilateral pheochromocytoma and adrenal gland hyperplasia].

Woman, forty two years old, has been hospitalized because of frequent headache, palpitation and tremor of lips with paroxysmal increase of blood pressure. The adrenals have examined. The status of the hormones has checked many times but showed increased values of VMA and 17-OH steroids only once.

[Amylin--a partner hormone to insulin].

This article will provide an overview of some of the known functions of a recently discovered hormone, amylin, a partner hormone to insulin. Studies indicate that amylin has a role in the postmeal glucose regulation through effects on glucagon secretion, nutrient delivery and food intake. Three hormones--amylin, glucagon and insulin--are a critical part of postmeal glucose regulation.

Medical aspects of the mass-scale civilian casualties at Sarajevo Markale market on August 28, 1995: triage, resuscitation, and treatment.

The siege of Sarajevo, which holds an important but tragic position in the history of war, lasted for more than 45 months, from April 6, 1992 to March 19, 1996. Shelling of the Markale city market on August 28, 1995, was the attack with the largest number of civilian casualties. There were 23 persons killed on the spot.