Coinfection of gastrointestinal parasites with paratuberculosis in naturally infected sheep.

Background And Aim: subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) causes Johne's disease (paratuberculosis), which is a chronic wasting disease. No previous study has been found to investigate the coinfection of gastrointestinal parasites with paratuberculosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between paratuberculosis and gastrointestinal parasitism in naturally infected local Awassi (AS) and imported Tsurcana (TS) sheep.

Molecular diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of a Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus human case in Jordan.

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an important zoonotic pathogen. The aim of this paper is to report one polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive case of MERS-CoV in a 27-year-old man who was involved in a nationwide longitudinal surveillance study of certain zoonotic diseases in Jordan including MERS-CoV. Whole-blood and nasal swab samples were collected from the man and five camels in the vicinity of his living area.

Antiscience, Vaccine Hesitancy, and Pandemic Responses: Highlights from the Asia Pacific Summit on Infectious Diseases and Immunization.

The recent resurgence of mpox highlights the urgent need for rethinking vaccination strategies globally, underscored by the painful memories of past public health crises where delayed responses and inequitable vaccine distribution exacerbated the spread of infectious diseases. The inaugural APIC-ADVA Asia Pacific Summit on Infectious Diseases and Immunization, themed "Vaccination for All: Access, Confidence and Equity (ACE)", was held in Singapore from 31 October to 1 November 2023 in an attempt to present best practices and hard-won insights from battling COVID-19 and other pandemics in the Asia-Pacific region. This summit was co-convened by the Asia-Pacific Immunization Coalition (APIC) and Asia Dengue Voice and Action (ADVA).

Effects of brexpiprazole on patient life engagement in schizophrenia: analysis of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale data.

Objective: Patients with schizophrenia value improved life engagement, a term that describes positive health aspects across emotional, physical, social, and cognitive domains. This analysis of clinical trial data aimed to investigate the effect of brexpiprazole on patient life engagement in schizophrenia over the short and long term.

Methods: Data were pooled from three 6-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials (ClinicalTrials.

Cognitive, behavioral, and functional outcomes of suspected mild traumatic brain injury in community-dwelling older persons without mild cognitive impairment or dementia.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with greater risk and earlier onset of dementia. This study investigated whether later-life changes in subjective cognition and behavior - potential markers of AD - could be observed in cognitively unimpaired older persons with a history of suspected mild TBI (smTBI) earlier in life and whether changes in cognition and behavior mediated the link between smTBI and daily function.

Methods: Data for 1392 participants from the Canadian Platform for Research Online to Investigate Health, Quality of Life, Cognition, Behaviour, Function, and Caregiving in Aging (CAN-PROTECT) were analyzed.

Vaccine stock-outs: A preventable health facility obstacle contributing to missed vaccinations in South African children.

In 2019 the National Department of Health (NDoH) conducted a national immunisation coverage survey of caregivers of children aged 24-35 months in all 52 districts of South Africa, and reported a national fully immunised under one year-old coverage of 83.9 %, and 76.8 % coverage for all vaccines scheduled up to 18 months of age.

Associations of Mild Behavioral Impairment Domains with Brain Volumes: Cross-sectional Analysis of Atherosclerosis Risk in Community (ARIC) Study.

Background: Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) has been associated with global brain atrophy, but the regional neural correlates of MBI symptoms are less clear, particularly among community-dwelling older individuals without dementia.

Objective: Our objective was to examine the associations of MBI domains with gray matter (GM) volumes in a large population-based sample of older adults without dementia.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 1445 community-dwelling older adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study who underwent detailed neurocognitive assessment and brain magnetic resonance imaging in 2011-2013.

Nanocellulose: A novel pathway to sustainable agriculture, environmental protection, and circular bioeconomy.

Nanocellulose, obtained from natural cellulose, has attracted considerable interest for its distinctive properties and wide-ranging potential applications. Studies suggest that nanocellulose improves the thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of conventional cellulose. This review investigates the production, properties, approach, and application of nanocellulose from various sources in agriculture.

Efficacy of glyceryl trinitrate in reducing cardiac events when given concomitantly with capecitabine for at least 3 months in various tumors.

Capecitabine is an oral pro-drug of 5-flourouracil used in treatment of different cancers. It has cardiotoxicity incidence of 3-35%, which can be significant enough to cause myocardial infarction. To evaluate the efficacy of glyceryl trinitrate in reducing cardiac events when given concomitantly with capecitabine for at least 3 months in various tumors.

Assessment of patient life engagement in schizophrenia using items from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

Background: Improved patient life engagement is a meaningful treatment goal in schizophrenia that cannot be satisfactorily measured using existing tools. This research aimed to determine whether certain items from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) can assess patient life engagement in schizophrenia.

Methods: Three approaches were used to identify PANSS items that reflect patient life engagement: (1) a panel discussion with expert psychiatrists (n = 4); (2) interviews with patients with schizophrenia (n = 20); and (3) a principal component analysis to explore clustering of items (n = 954 from three randomized controlled trials).

Structural and dynamical insights revealed the anti-glioblastoma potential of withanolides from Withania coagulans against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR).

Context: Glioblastoma (GBM), well known as grade 4 tumors due to its progressive malignant features such as vascular proliferation and necrosis, is the most aggressive form of primary brain tumor found in adults. Mutations and amplifications in the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) contribute to almost 25% of GBM tumors. And thus, VEGFR has been declared the primary target in glioblastoma therapeutic strategies.

Serological prevalence of spp. at the livestock-human interface in Jordan.

Despite its endemic status in the Middle East, key knowledge gaps persist regarding the prevalence, transmission rate, and geographical distribution of both human and livestock brucellosis in Jordan. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of human and livestock brucellosis as well as the incidence of brucellosis in humans in Jordan. A total of 500 human participants (202 exposed and 296 unexposed to livestock) were enrolled in the study.

Are Opioids Agitating? A Data Analysis of Baseline Data from the STAN Study.

 Agitation, a common dementia symptom often arising from untreated pain, lacks comprehensive research on its connection with opioids prescribed for long-term pain. This study investigated the relationship between opioid use and agitation in dementia patients. Participants ( = 188) were categorized into opioid, acetaminophen PRN, or no-pain medication groups.

Modeling the progression of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease with PET-based Braak staging.

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) correlate with tau deposition in the brain. Here, we investigated the association of PET-based Braak stages with NPS and assessed whether they predict annual changes in NPS. We evaluated 231 individuals in the aging and AD continuum.

Toxicity factors, ecological and health risk assessments of heavy metal in the urban soil: a case study of an agro-machinery area in a developing country.

The contribution of heavy metals in surface soils by the influences of agro-machinery factories is a significant growing concern. Heavy metals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique to assess human and ecological risks. The concentrations of Fe, Cd, Cr, Cu, As, Pb, Mn, Ni, and Zn in soil ranged from 18,274-22,652, 2.

Advances in pharmacotherapy for heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: what's new in 2024?

Introduction: Updated guidelines for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and acute decompensation have improved outcomes, but ongoing efforts are focused on uncovering new evidence and developing novel therapies. This review examines the limitations of current treatments and the potential impact of emerging therapies.

Areas Covered: A literature search focused on studies investigating drugs for HFrEF.

HarmonyTM: multi-center data harmonization applied to distributed learning for Parkinson's disease classification.

Purpose: Distributed learning is widely used to comply with data-sharing regulations and access diverse datasets for training machine learning (ML) models. The traveling model (TM) is a distributed learning approach that sequentially trains with data from one center at a time, which is especially advantageous when dealing with limited local datasets. However, a critical concern emerges when centers utilize different scanners for data acquisition, which could potentially lead models to exploit these differences as shortcuts.