Fascia Lata Biological Plug: A Novel Technique for Treating Anal Fistulae.

Background: An anal fistula is a prevalent condition characterised by an abnormal connection between the epithelialised surface of the anal canal and the skin. Surgeons are continually developing new techniques to effectively treat anal fistulae while preserving the patient's continence. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes and complications associated with the management of high perianal fistulae using the fascia lata biological plug (FBP) technique.

On the etiology of the electric activity of the external anal and urethral sphincters.

Unlabelled: In a previous study, the external anal sphincter (EAS) in dogs, known to consist of skeletal muscle fibers, was proved to contain bundles of smooth muscle fibers in between as well.

Objective: Cause of electric activity in the external anal and urethral sphincters is not known; the current study investigated this point.

Material And Methods: Slices from external anal and urethral sphincters of 21 cadavers (12 male, 9 female).

Tunica albuginea reefing: a novel technique for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Background: "Tunica albuginea (TA) reefing" is a modification of Shafik's "TA overlapping" operation. Both techniques are based on the fact that in venogenic erectile dysfunction patients, the TA exhibits degenerative and atrophic collagen and elastic fibers causing its subluxation and flabbiness. This had led to loss of the veno-occlusive mechanism of the TA and venous leakage during erection.

Double-loop puborectoplasty: novel technique for the treatment of fecal incontinence.

The treatment of neurogenic and traumatic fecal incontinence (FI) as may result from severe anal sphincteric destruction is problematic. A novel technique for the treatment of these cases is presented. The study comprised 44 patients, which included 28 with neurogenic and 16 with traumatic FI.

Effect of severe stress on the gastric motor activity: canine study of mechanism of action.

Background: Increased gastric motility was observed during restraint stress in animals; however, mechanism of action could not be traced in literature. We investigated the hypothesis that high levels of stressful cutaneous stimuli induce increase of gastric motor activity through a reflex action.

Methods: Gastric tone (GT) was assessed in 14 dogs by barostat system consisting of balloon-ended tube connected to strain gauge and air-injection system.

Percutaneous perineal electrostimulation induces erection: clinical significance in patients with spinal cord injury and erectile dysfunction.

Objectives: Approximately one third to one half of the penis is embedded in the pelvis and can be felt through the scrotum and in the perineum. The main arteries and nerves enter the penis through this perineal part of the penis, which seems to represent a highly sensitive area. We investigated the hypothesis that percutaneous perineal stimulation evokes erection in patients with neurogenic erectile dysfunction.

Effect of thermal cutaneous stimulation on the gastric motor activity: study of the mechanism of action.

Aim: To investigate the mechanism of action of thermal cutaneous stimulation on the gastric motor inhibition.

Methods: The gastric tone of 33 healthy volunteers (20 men, mean age 36.7 +/- 8.

Study of the response of the penile corporal tissue and cavernosus muscles to micturition.

Background: The reaction of the corpora cavernosa (CC), the corpus spongiosum (CS), the bulbocavernosus (BCM) and ischiocavernosus (ICM) muscles to passage of urine through the urethra during micturition is not known. We investigated the hypothesis that the passage of urine through the urethra stimulates the corporal tissue and cavernosus muscles.

Methods: In 30 healthy men (mean age 42.

Inguinal canal dilatation: a novel technique for the repair of failed testicular descent despite hormonal treatment.

Treatment of the undescended testicle (UT) after it failed to descend on hormonal therapy is surgical. Spermatic cord elongation may impair testicular function, particularly in cases in which cord integuments or veins have to be divided to provide an extra cord length. A factor that might impede testicular descent is presence of a narrowed or obliterated inguinal canal.

Study of the effect of ileal distension on the motor activity of the jejunum, and of jejunal distension on the motor activity of the ileum.

Background/aims: The effect of ileal distension on the jejunal motor activity and ofjejunal distension on the ileal motility have been poorly addressed in the literature. We investigated the hypothesis that distension of either ileum or jejunum would affect the motile activity of the other.

Methodology: Response of jejunal pressure to ileal balloon distension and of ileal pressure to jejunal distension in increments of 2 mL of normal saline were recorded in 18 dogs.

Contraction of gluteal maximus muscle on increase of intra-abdominal pressure: role in the fecal continence mechanism.

The gluteus maximus muscle (GMM) appears to contract with increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). The hypothesis that GMM contraction with increased IAP was investigated. The study comprised 32 healthy volunteers.

The electromyographic activity of the external and internal urethral sphincters and urinary bladder on vaginal distension and its role in preventing vaginal soiling with urine during sexual intercourse.

Background/aim: We investigated the hypothesis that external (EUS) and internal (IUS) urethral sphincters and urinary bladder (UB) respond to penile thrusting (PT) of vagina in a way that prevents urinary leakage during coitus.

Methods: Vaginal condom was inflated with air in increments of 50-300 ml and EMG of EUS and IUS and vaginal pressure were recorded; test was repeated after anesthetization of vagina, UB, EUS, and IUS.

Results: Vaginal distension effected reduction of vesical pressure but increase of IUS EMG until the 150 ml distension was reached, beyond which more vaginal distension caused no further effect; EUS EMG showed no response.

Effect of urethral stimulation on vesical contractile activity.

Background: We investigated the hypothesis that urethral stimulation effects vesical contraction.

Methods: Vesical pressure response to urethral balloon distension with normal saline in increments of 1 mL was recorded in 26 healthy volunteers (17 men, 9 women; mean age, 36.9 +/- 9.

Electromyographic lag time and opening time: two novel noninvasive methods to investigate patients with anal outlet obstruction and their response to treatment.

Methods in use can diagnose anal outlet obstruction but not degree of obstruction. We introduced two novel noninvasive methods of diagnosing and evaluating the degree of anal outlet obstruction: pelvic floor electromyographic lag time and opening time. Pelvic floor electromyographic lag time measured time interval between start of pelvic floor muscle relaxation and start of anal outlet flow.

Physiological considerations of the morphologic changes of the testicles during erection and ejaculation: a canine study.

Purpose: We investigated the hypothesis that testicles and scrotal skin undergo morphologic changes that would serve the mechanism of erection and ejaculation.

Materials And Methods: Testicular and scrotal skin changes during erection and ejaculation were studied in 9 dogs. Testicular volume was measured by ultrasound, testicular temperature by digital thermometer and testicular vascularity by color duplex Doppler ultrasonography.

Effect of micturition on clitoris and cavernosus muscles: an electromyographic study.

We investigated the hypothesis that passage of urine through urethra stimulates corporal tissue and cavernosus muscles. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of corpora cavernosa (CC), bulbocavernosus muscle (BCM), and ischiocavernosus muscle (ICM) was recorded in 27 healthy women before and during micturition. These tests were repeated after individual anesthetization of urethra, corporal tissue, and cavernosus muscles.

A novel concept for the surgical anatomy of the perineal body.

Purpose: Perineal body is considered by investigators as a fibromuscular structure that is the site of insertion of perineal muscles. We investigated the hypothesis that perineal body is the site across which perineal muscles pass uninterrupted from one side to the other.

Methods: Perineal body was studied in 56 cadaveric specimens (46 adults, 10 neonatal deaths) by direct dissection with the help of magnifying loupe, fine surgical instruments, and bright light.

The effect of gastric overfilling on the pharyngo-esophageal and lower esophageal sphincter: a possible factor in restricting food intake.

Background: How afferent activity in the gut achieves the required ingestion control has not been established. The authors hypothesized that gastric overdistension effects an increase in pharyngo-esophageal and lower esophageal sphincter activity aimed at inhibiting ingestion.

Material/methods: The study comprised 16 mongrel dogs.

The effect of vaginal distension on the female urinary bladder and urethral sphincters.

Aims: A mention of effect of vaginal distension, as induced by penile thrusting at coitus, on urinary bladder (UB) and urethral sphincters could not be traced in literature. We investigated the hypothesis that, upon vaginal distension, UB undergoes inhibited activity, while external and internal urethral sphincters (IUS) exhibit increased activity in order to guard against urine leakage during coitus.

Methods: Response of UB and external and IUS to vaginal balloon distension was recorded in 28 healthy women (age 35.

Duodeno-jejunal junction dyssynergia: description of a novel syndrome.

Aim: To investigate the hypothesis that duodeno-jejunal dyssynergia existed at the duodeno-jejunal junction.

Methods: Of 112 patients who complained of epigastric distension and discomfort after meals, we encountered nine patients in whom the duodeno-jejunal junction did not open on duodenal contraction. Seven healthy volunteers were included in the study.

Electromyographic activity of the anterolateral abdominal wall muscles during rectal filling and evacuation.

Background: The role of the anterolateral abdominal wall muscles (AAWMs) at defecation has not received sufficient attention in the literature. We investigated the hypothesis that the AAWMs exhibit increased electromyographic (EMG) activity on rectal distension, which presumably assists in rectal evacuation.

Materials And Methods: The effect of rectal balloon distension on the AAWMs EMG and on anal and rectal pressure was examined in 23 healthy volunteers (37.

The response of the corporal tissue and cavernosus muscles to urethral stimulation: an effect of penile buffeting of the vaginal introitus.

We investigated the hypothesis that urethral stimulation in humans induces sexual response in the form of activation of the corporal tissue and cavernosus muscles through a reflex mechanism. Electromyographic activity of corpora cavernosa (CC), corpus spongiosum (CS), bulbocavernosus (BCM), and ischiocavernosus (ICM) muscles was recorded in 43 healthy volunteers (24 men, 19 women; age, 37.7 +/- 8.

Cutaneous uretero-ureterostomy: a technique of urinary diversion for high-risk patients with bladder cancer.

A simplified technique of cutaneous ureterostomy (CU) is presented for the treatment of high-risk bladder cancer patients. From 1968 to 2003, 2118 cystectomies with CU were performed for bladder cancer patients with uremic manifestations. The mean age was 67.

Electromyographic study of the anterolateral abdominal wall muscles during ejaculation.

Introduction: The anterolateral abdominal wall muscles (AAWMs) are composed of the external and internal oblique, transversus abdominis, and the rectus abdominis muscles.

Aim: We investigated the hypothesis that the AAWMs contract reflexly during ejaculation.

Methods: Effect of coitus on AAWMs was tested in 16 healthy men (mean age 37.