Hypoxia-Inducible Factor in Renal Cell Carcinoma: From Molecular Insights to Targeted Therapies.

Mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau () tumor suppressor gene occur frequently in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the predominant histology of kidney cancer, and have been associated with its pathogenesis and progression. Alterations of lead to impaired degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and HIF2α promoting neoangiogenesis, which is pivotal for cancer growth. As such, targeting the VHL-HIF axis holds relevant potential for therapeutic purposes.

Successful Use of Cemiplimab in a Very Elderly Patient With Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common skin cancer with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in advanced stages. Treatment options for metastatic cutaneous SCC in very elderly patients are limited due to concerns about treatment tolerability and potential adverse effects.

Case Report: We report the case of a 90-year-old female patient with metastatic cutaneous SCC who was treated with cemiplimab, a monoclonal antibody (m-Ab) against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), in combination with radiotherapy.

Neutrophil-to-Eosinophil Ratio Predicts the Efficacy of Avelumab in Patients With Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Enrolled in the MALVA Study (Meet-URO 25).

Background: Neutrophil-to-eosinophil ratio (NER) has been described to be associated with outcomes to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in several tumor types, but less is known about its role of in the response to avelumab in advanced urothelial cancer (aUC). Thus, we reported outcomes by NER of aUC patients treated with avelumab as maintenance after initial response to platinum-based chemotherapy and enrolled in the Maintenance with AVeLumAb ([MALVA] in advanced urothelial neoplasms in response to first-line chemotherapy: an observational retrospective study) study (Meet-URO 25).

Patients And Methods: Median NER at baseline and after 3 cycles of avelumab were calculated.

Platinum-based chemotherapy in metastatic prostate cancer: what possibilities?

Metastatic prostate cancer is a major health burden worldwide, necessitating the continuous development of effective treatment strategies. Androgen deprivation therapy remains the cornerstone of prostate cancer treatment, but novel approaches are needed for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Recent studies have highlighted the prevalence of mutations in DNA repair genes, including BRCA1 and BRCA2, in mCRPC patients, rendering them more susceptible to platinum-based chemotherapy and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors.