HCV-RNA Pcr Positivity In Hcv Antibody Negative Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis.

Background: It's estimated that almost 2.2% of the world's inhabitants suffer from hepatitis C virus (HCV). The most common cause of chronic liver disease in haemodialysis centres is due to HCV.

FREQUENCY OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of coronary risk factors such as diabetes and pre-diabetes, abdominal obesity, high triglyceride (TG), low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels and high blood pressure (BP). It is estimated that around a quarter of the world's adult population have MetS and they are twice as likely to die from it and three times as likely to have a coronary event or stroke compared with people without the syndrome.

Methods: This observational descriptive study was conducted at the Department of General Medicine, Federal Government Polyclinic Islamabad.

Management of ectopic varix with histoacryl.

Upper gastro-intestinal (GI) bleed is one of the most serious situations encountered in the emergency department. There is consensus regarding management of common causes of upper GI bleed but for rare causes no such consensus exists. We present a case of a 35 year old male who presented with 5-6 episodes of hematemesis associated with melena in 24 hours.

Depression and seizures as the main neuropsychiatric manifestation of mixed connective tissue disorder.

A 38 years female presented with arthralgia, dyspnoea, progressive proximal muscle weakness, seizures, weight loss, dysphagia, alopecia, and dryness of the eyes and mouth with tightening of the skin. Psychiatric evaluation revealed major depression. She had oral ulcers, tightening of the skin of the hands with restricted mouth opening, and proximal muscle weakness.

Highland malaria occurring on Siachen Glacier, Pakistan.

A case of plasmodium vivax malaria presenting at very high altitude of 16,900 feet (5151 meters) is reported. This is the first case of its kind to be observed from such a high altitude from Pakistan.

Herpes simplex encephalitis presenting with normal CSF analysis.

A 28 years old female presented with headache, fever, altered sensorium and right side weakness for one week. She was febrile and drowsy with right sided hemiplegia and papilledema. Tuberculous or bacterial meningitis, tuberculoma and abscess were at the top of the diagnosis list followed by Herpes simplex meningo-encephalitis (HSE).

Violence and abuse faced by junior physicians in the emergency department from patients and their caretakers: a nationwide study from Pakistan.

Background: Across the globe, physicians in the emergency department (ED) are subject to violence by patients and visitors. This has been shown to have negative effects on patient care and physician performance.

Study Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the magnitude of the problem in a developing country, to examine the effects of ED violence on physician satisfaction and performance, and to identify underlying etiologies and potential solutions.