[Algorithm of preoperative preparation in surgical treatment of lung echinococcus complicated by a rupture into the bronchus].

The clinical material includes 10 years of observations of 289 patients with lung echinococcosis complicated by a rupture into the bronchus. Different operative interventions were performed in 278 cases. The indications for operation, their volume and preoperative preparation were based on clinico-rentgenological signs and divided into 4 groups: 1 - patients with a rentgenological sign of the folded chitin membrane, or a ring-shaped shadow; 2 - patients with non-homogeneous complicated cysts; 3 - patients with "floating chitin membrane"; 4 patients with a rupture of the cyst into the bronchus and pleural cavity simultaneously.

[Rationale for the tactics and a scale of surgical intervention for bilateral pulmonary hydatid disease].

The authors of this study have examined some experience gained in surgically treating 151 patients with bilateral pulmonary hydatid disease in 1991 to 2001, i.e. over 11 years.

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of bilateral pulmonary echinococcosis].

Results of diagnosis and treatment of 205 patients with bilateral pulmonary echinococcosis were analyzed. 141 patients underwent two-sided surgeries: 77--staged operations with interval from 2 weeks to 3 months, 64--one-stage operations on both lungs. One-stage operations through thoracotomies were performed in 49 patients, through medial sternotomy--in 15.

[Mediastinal echinococcosis].

Among 29,875 autopsies 59 cases of mediastinal echinococcosis were revealed. Among 4178 patients with thoracic echinococcosis 55 patients had mediastinal echinococcosis. All the patients were operated, most of them underwent ideal ecinococcectomy.

[Surgical treatment of pulmonary echinococcosis drained into the bronchus].

526 patients with lung echinococcus complicated by a break to bronchus were studied. 462 operations were performed which in 430 cases were organo-saving and in 61--resectional. It is demonstrated that operations performed in early period after this complication were organo-saving with good postoperative results.

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of benign tumors of the lungs].

Benign tumors of the lungs may be treated only by operation. Operative treatment may be rejected in patients with tumors measuring less than 2 cm in diameter and absence of clinical signs of their growth. In central benign lung tumors, preference must be given to organ-preserving operations: bronchotomy with adenomectomy, resection of the bronchus together with the involved part and subsequent plastics.

[The use of low-frequency ultrasound in the surgical treatment of pulmonary echinococcosis].

A convincing evidence is given that the low-frequency ultrasound (26.4-26.6 kHz) has pronounced parasiticidal and bactericidal effects and can completely replace the drugs commonly used for disinfection.

[Radiodiagnosis of echinococcosis of the lungs].

The paper is devoted to analysis of radio-diagnostic findings of 79 patients with parietal round pulmonary formations. All the patients were investigated by x-ray and ultrasound, perfusion scintigraphy of the lungs with a postural test was performed in 43 of them. Diagnostic x-ray and echographic methods were compared and evaluated in terms of defining the origin of pulmonary formations.

[Use of a precision technique in surgical treatment of pulmonary echinococcosis].

More that 15 variants of operative interventions in hydatid disease of the lungs have been suggested to date, but all have shortcomings and, in addition, do not exclude the possibility of a recurrence. The recent method of precision operation, when conducted, excludes completely a recurrence of the disease. In precision removal of hydatid cysts, the pulmonary tissue remains undamaged to maximum.

[Reserves of pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange in patients with pulmonary echinococcosis].

An examination of 33 patients has shown that complicated course of Echinococcosis of the lungs and their multiple lesions results in certain exhaustion of reserves of the external ventilation system. A conclusion is made on preference of performing organ-preserving and organ-sparing operations, on necessity of dispensary observations and physical rehabilitation of patients operated upon for complicated forms and multiple lesions of the lungs.

[Treatment of rupture of pulmonary echinococcosis to the pleural cavity].

The authors describe 19 cases of rarely encountered complications of hydatid cyst of the lung: rupture into the pleural cavity in 13 patients and simultaneous rupture into the bronchus and pleural cavity in another 6 patients, which accounted for 2.4% of the total number of patients (840). These complications are serious and their diagnosis is made with certain difficulties.

[Therapeutic procedures in the middle lobe syndrome].

From study of the case records of 113 patients with isolated affection of the middle lobe or lingular segments of the left lung the authors believe that nonspecific inflammatory diseases of the lungs are the most frequent cause of the development of the syndrome. Tomography and bronchography of the involved lung play the principal role in the diagnosis of the middle-lung syndrome. The etiological factor is verified by the findings of tracheobronchoscopy.

[Modeling of pulmonary cysts and a method of their treatment].

A cyst of the lung was modelled by implanting a celloidin ball into its tissue. Experiments were conducted on 43 male and female mongrel dogs whose weight ranged from 8 to 22 kg. Implantation of a foreign body into the lung leads to the development of an inflammatory reaction in its tissue with the formation of a connective-tissue capsule which can be compared with acquired cysts of the lung.

[Use of medical glue in surgical treatment of pulmonary echinococcosis].

A new method of the surgical treatment of Echinococcosis of lungs is analysed consisting in liquidation of the Echinococcosis parasite bed with the help of cyan acrylate glue MK-7. The method was used in 55 patients aged from 9 to 49 years. The application of cyacrine makes the surgical procedure for Echinococcosis of lungs easier.

[Treatment of large echinococcal cysts of the lungs].

An analysis of 177 operations for pulmonary echinococcosis performed in 160 patients has been made (17 patient were operated twice because of bilateral localization of the cysts). For patients with large and giant cysts the author prefers organ-preserving operations, the A. A.