Renal papillary hypertrophy, a rare cause of recurrent gross hematuria; Case report and review of literature.

Hematuria is a critical symptom that should properly be investigated. One of the rare causes is renal papillary hypertrophy. Literature review revealed only few reported cases.

Complications of endourological procedures and their treatment.

Endourological treatment for urinary stones and other obstructive urinary tract diseases is minimally invasive but in some cases it involves serious complications. This collection of cases describes some complications of endourological procedures and how they were treated. Case 1: A case of right ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrostomy found to be misplaced in the inferior vena cava.

Can frozen-section analysis of ureteric margins at the time of radical cystectomy predict upper tract recurrence?

Objective: To summarise the currently available literature and analyse available results of the outcome of intraoperative frozen-section analysis (FSA) on upper urinary tract recurrence (UUTR) after radical cystectomy (RC).

Materials And Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the Cochrane Reviews guidelines and in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Articles discussing ureteric FSA with RC were identified.

Antibiotic therapy in patients with high prostate-specific antigen: Is it worth considering? A systematic review.

: To address the question of whether antibiotic therapy can obviate the need for prostate biopsy (PBx) in patients presenting with high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. : With the increase in unnecessary PBx in men with high PSA levels, a systematic review was performed according to the Cochrane Reviews guidelines and in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. : The literature search yielded 42 studies, of which 11 were excluded due to irrelevance of data.