Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: The Role of Genetics in Diagnosis, Management, and Screening.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a predominantly autosomal dominant genetic condition in which fibrous and fatty tissue infiltrate and replace healthy myocardial tissue. This uncommon yet debilitating condition can cause ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac failure, and sudden cardiac death. Management focuses primarily on prevention of syndrome sequelae in order to prevent morbidity and mortality.

Cardiac Sarcoidosis: A Unique Presentation.

Isolated cardiac sarcoidosis is a rare subset of sarcoidosis, a systemic autoimmune condition primarily found in African American females. The manifestations of cardiac sarcoidosis include atrioventricular and bundle branch blocks, arrhythmias, heart failure, and pericardial effusions, although these complications occur at varying prevalence. The diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis requires several different criteria; however, recent literature has focused heavily on imaging modalities such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.

Acute Liver Failure due to Altered Fontan Circulation in a Patient With Tricuspid Atresia: A Case Report.

Tricuspid atresia is a congenital malformation of the tricuspid valve resulting in a lack of blood flow between the right atrium and the right ventricle. Management generally involves staged surgical intervention enabling affected individuals to survive into adulthood. Although surgical intervention greatly improves morbidity and mortality in this patient population, there are many long-term complications associated with the creation of a surgical shunt.

Obesity and the Other Independent Predictors in Elective Endotracheal Tube Intubations: A Narrative Review.

Obesity is one of the challenging elements in health care. Studies have shown that as the body mass index (BMI) increases, the risk of chronic conditions tends to increase due to altered physiologic and metabolic demands. In addition to underlying physiological changes, anatomical changes can lead to common procedural challenges, such as difficult intravenous (IV) cannulation, difficult airway, and difficult intubation, which makes their preoperative and postoperative care challenging for the anesthesiologists.

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Rare Cause of Spinal Cord and Optic Nerve Involvement.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is defined as a rare central nervous system, demyelinating, autoimmune disorder with autoantibodies against aquaporin-4. Commonly affecting females, NMOSD is known to also be a relapsing disease and can increase in severity during each episode. Diagnostic criteria include ruling out multiple sclerosis, spinal magnetic resonance imaging, and autoantibody detection.

A Fatal Case of Pembrolizumab-Induced Myocarditis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Immune channel inhibitor-induced myocarditis is rare, and its management is challenging. Recently, guidelines were established for all ICIs, yet they do not take into account individual drug toxicities or screening protocols for prevention. We present a rare case of rapidly progressive pembrolizumab-induced fatal myocarditis in an initially asymptomatic patient.