Anchor versus parachute suturing technique in arteriovenous fistula creation for hemodialysis.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 13% of the global population and requires renal replacement therapy due to ESRD. Hemodialysis (HD) is the most common dialysis modality for ESRD patients, but establishing vascular access is challenging due to high morbidity and mortality rates. Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are the gold standard for vascular access, but many fail due to anastomotic hemodynamics, vein diameter, and anastomatic suture technique.

Physiochemical and mechanical characterisation of orthodontic 3D printed aligner material made of shape memory polymers (4D aligner material).

Objectives: To conduct a physiochemical and mechanical material analysis on 3D printed shape-memory aligners in comparison to thermoformed aligners.

Materials And Methods: Four materials were examined, including three thermoformed materials: CA Pro (CP), Zendura A (ZA), Zendura FLX (ZF), and one 3D printed material: Tera Harz (TC-85). Rectangular strips measuring 50 × 10 × 0.