Vitamin D beyond the blood: Tissue distribution of vitamin D metabolites after supplementation.

Vitamin D's role in mineral homeostasis through its endocrine function, associated with the main circulating metabolite 25-hydroxyvitamin D, is well characterized. However, the increasing recognition of vitamin D's paracrine and autocrine functions-such as cell growth, immune function, and hormone regulation-necessitates examining vitamin D levels across different tissues post-supplementation. Hence, this review explores the biodistribution of vitamin D in blood and key tissues following oral supplementation in humans and animal models, highlighting the biologically active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and the primary clearance metabolite, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.

Early life gut microbiome in children following spontaneous preterm birth and maternal preeclampsia.

The early life microbiome plays an important role in developmental and long-term health outcomes. However, it is unknown whether adverse pregnancy complications affect the offspring's gut microbiome postnatally and in early years. In a longitudinal cohort with a five-year follow-up of mother-child pairs affected by preeclampsia (PE) or spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), we evaluated offspring gut alpha and beta diversity as well as taxa abundances considering factors like breastfeeding and mode of delivery.

Early-Life Weight Status and Risk of Childhood Asthma or Recurrent Wheeze in Preterm and Term Offspring.

Background: Excessive weight is associated with the development of childhood asthma. However, trends among preterm and term offspring may differ.

Objective: To assess whether the association of longitudinal weight for age (WFA) and odds of asthma/recurrent wheeze in early life differs between children born preterm and those born at term.