Decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit may signal degree of hemorrhagic shock: retrospective evaluation in a dog model.

Objective: Data were extracted from preexisting published studies and evaluated retrospectively to compare lactate and base deficit values at baseline and posthemorrhage with changes in corresponding hemoglobin (Hb) and Hct measurements to assess any association of such changes with severity of hemorrhage over time. To understand the goal, the objective of this study was to demonstrate statistical changes in laboratory values as described above.

Methods: Previous prospectively designed experiments on 120 mixed-breed dogs were conducted.

Analysis and Prediction of Chymotrypsin Substrate Preferences through Large Data Acquisition with Target-Free mRNA Display.

Oral delivery of peptide therapeutics is limited by degradation by gut proteases like chymotrypsin. Existing databases of peptidases are limited in size and do not enable systematic analyses of protease substrate preferences, especially for non-natural amino acids. Thus, stability optimization of hit compounds is time and resource intensive.

Building Metabolically Stable and Potent Anti-HIV Thioether-Lipid Analogues of Tenofovir Exalidex: A thorough Pharmacological Analysis.

Inherently limited by poor bioavailability, antiviral agent tenofovir (TFV) is administered to people living with HIV in prodrug form. However, current prodrugs are prematurely metabolized, compromising access to HIV-infected cells and inducing toxicity. Inspired by lipid conjugate TFV exalidex (TXL), we recently disclosed TXL analogs with potent activity and robust hepatic stability in vitro, as well as attractive oral PK profiles in vivo.

Comparison of Yearly Cost Related to Complications Between Deferasirox and Deferiprone Monotherapy in Thalassemia.

Background: Hemoglobin disorders such as thalassemia major have created an economic burden on the health care system. Iron chelation therapy (ICT) is the most expensive cost component in patients with thalassemia. ICT was administered to reduce the toxic effects of iron overload.

Outcome analysis of brain-death referral to NOD-Lb: A retrospective chart review of a single hospital experience over 3 years.

Background: Organ donation shortage and in particular organ procurement is an international concern as the gap between the number of donors and recipients is steadily growing. Organ procurement is a chain of steps with donor identification and referral (ID&R) as the very first link in this chain. Failure of this step hinders the progress in the organ transplantation program.

Murine typhus is a common cause of acute febrile illness in Bandung, Indonesia.

Murine typhus (MT), an infection caused by the gram-negative bacteria Rickettsia typhi (R. typhi), is a significant cause of acute febrile illness (AFI) in Southeast Asia but is rarely reported in Indonesia. The current study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of MT cases in Bandung, West Java.

Identification of Covalent Cyclic Peptide Inhibitors in mRNA Display.

Peptides have historically been underutilized for covalent inhibitor discovery, despite their unique abilities to interact with protein surfaces and interfaces. This is in part due to a lack of methods for screening and identifying covalent peptide ligands. Here, we report a method to identify covalent cyclic peptide inhibitors in mRNA display.

Validation of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in an Indonesian population: a scale adaptation study.

Objective: This study aims to adapt the English-language Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to the Indonesian language and evaluate the validity and reliability of the adapted version (ie, HADS-Indonesia).

Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and November 2018. First, a translation and back-translation process was conducted by a committee consisting of the researchers, a psychiatrist, a methodology consultant and two translators.

Simplified clinical algorithm for immediate antiretroviral therapy initiation: The HATI [HIV awal (early) Test & Treat in Indonesia] implementation research in Indonesia.

Background & Objectives: Although the World Health Organization recommends same day or rapid (< seven days) antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, delays in ART initiation remain common due to waiting for laboratory test results. This study employed a simplified clinical algorithm the HATI [HIV Awal (Early) Test & Treat Indonesia]-SAI (Simple ART Initiation) aimed to increase the proportion of ART uptake and decrease the time to ART initiation that can be used in various care settings.

Methods: This study compared the percentage of ART uptake and retention, viral load (VL) suppression and time to ART initiation between the observation and intervention phases among newly diagnosed HIV patients from key populations.

Risk factors for psychiatric symptoms in patients with long COVID: A systematic review.

Prolonged symptoms of COVID-19 have been found in many patients, often known as Long COVID. Psychiatric symptoms are commonly seen in Long COVID patients and could last for weeks, even months, after recovery. However, the symptoms and risk factors associated with it remain unclear.

A Novel Nanoemulsion Formula for an Improved Delivery of a Thalidomide Analogue to Triple-Negative Breast Cancer; Synthesis, Formulation, Characterization and Molecular Studies.

Background: Thalidomide (THD) and its analogues were recently reported as a promising treatment for different types of solid tumors due to their antiangiogenic effect.

Methods: In this work, we synthesized a novel THD analogue (TA), and its chemistry was confirmed with different techniques such as IR, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis as well as H and C NMR. To increase solubility and anticancer efficacy, a new oil in water (O/W) nanoemulsion (NE) was used in the formulation of the analogue.

Enabling Genetic Code Expansion and Peptide Macrocyclization in mRNA Display via a Promiscuous Orthogonal Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase.

mRNA display is revolutionizing peptide drug discovery through its ability to quickly identify potent peptide binders of therapeutic protein targets. Methods to expand the chemical diversity of display libraries are continually needed to increase the likelihood of identifying clinically relevant peptide ligands. Orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ORSs) have proven utility in cellular genetic code expansion, but are relatively underexplored for translation (IVT) and mRNA display.

Drivers of Stunting Reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A Case Study.

Background: Chronic malnutrition in children is a severe global health concern. In Yogyakarta, the number of children who are too short for their age has dropped dramatically over the past few decades.

Objective: To perform an analysis of trends, policies, and programs; and an assessment of government, community, household, and individual drivers of the stunting reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Case report: Depressive disorder with peripartum onset camouflages suspected intracranial tuberculoma.

Background: Co-occuring psychological symptoms and rare medical illnesses like intracranial tuberculoma add difficulties in diagnosing and treatment. The present report discussed a rare case of a young woman with tuberculoma and depressive disorder with peripartum onset.

Case Presentation: The patient was a 22-year-old woman.

mRNA Display Reaches for the Clinic with New PCSK9 Inhibitor.

Merck & Co. recently reported one of the first mRNA display-derived clinical candidates in a bioavailable inhibitor of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Herein, we discuss the chemical and pharmacological challenges surmounted in bringing this compound to trials and the current outlook for mRNA display-based therapeutic development.

Does Dexmedetomidine Improve or Worsen Restless Leg Syndrome under Sedation: A Case Report and Extensive Review.

Background: Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological condition that manifests as creeping, nonpainful urges to move lower extremities and is relieved with movements of the legs. RLS is associated with comorbidities such as gastric surgery, diabetes mellitus, uremia, and iron deficiency anemia, and it is misdiagnosed in many cases. Drugs like levodopa, ropinirole, pramipexole, cabergoline, and pergolide that target the dopaminergic system have been traditionally used to treat symptoms of RLS.

Impact of an Integrative Nutrition Package through Home Visit on Maternal and Children Outcome: Finding from Locus Stunting in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Stunting has been a public health problem in several developing countries including Indonesia. One of the strategies to reduce stunting was family assistance. This study was aimed to estimate the effect of family assistance by using an integrative nutrition package through home visits on the growth and development of stunted children.

Effect of a Short Course on Improving the Cadres' Knowledge in the Context of Reducing Stunting through Home Visits in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Stunting is primarily a public health concern in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). The involvement of Integrated Health Service Post (Indonesian: Posyandu) cadres is among the strategies to combat stunting in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the effect of a short course on cadres' knowledge.

Thalassemia in Indonesia.

Indonesia is located along the 'Thalassemia Belt' and a hotspot for hemoglobinopathies. Around 3.0-10.

Healthcare Workers' Point of View on Medical Robotics During COVID-19 Pandemic - A Scoping Review.

COVID-19 affected how healthcare workers interact with patients. Medical technology and robotics are developed in hospital settings to limit human contact. The aim of this review is to elucidate what kind of medical robotics is required for healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic.

ω-Functionalized Lipid Prodrugs of HIV NtRTI Tenofovir with Enhanced Pharmacokinetic Properties.

Tenofovir (TFV) is the cornerstone nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NtRTI) in many combination antiretroviral therapies prescribed to patients living with HIV/AIDS. Due to poor cell permeability and oral bioavailability, TFV is administered as one of two FDA-approved prodrugs, both of which metabolize prematurely in the liver and/or plasma. This premature prodrug processing depletes significant fractions of each oral dose and causes toxicity in kidney, bone, and liver with chronic administration.

Corrigendum to "Eel's Head Powder Reduces Mild-Moderate Depression in Geriatric Individual: Result from Randomized Controlled Trial Study".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/4658514.].

Expanding the Chemical Diversity of Genetically Encoded Libraries.

The power of ribosomes has increasingly been harnessed for the synthesis and selection of molecular libraries. Technologies, such as phage display, yeast display, and mRNA display, effectively couple genotype to phenotype for the molecular evolution of high affinity epitopes for many therapeutic targets. Genetic code expansion is central to the success of these technologies, allowing researchers to surpass the intrinsic capabilities of the ribosome and access new, genetically encoded materials for these selections.