Individualized evaluation of the total dose received by radiotherapy patients: Integrating in-field, out-of-field, and imaging doses.

Purpose: To propose a methodology for integrating the out-of-field and imaging doses to the in-field dose received by radiotherapy (RT) patients. In addition, the impact of considering the total dose in planning and radiation-induced second malignancies (RISM) risk assessment will be evaluated in several scenarios comprising photon and proton treatments.

Methods: The total dose is the voxel-wise sum of the doses from the different radiation sources (accounting for the radiobiological effectiveness) produced during the whole RT chain.

Adaptations to a Secondary School-Based Citizen Science Project to Engage Students in Monitoring Well Water for Arsenic during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Secondary schools in Maine and New Hampshire have been involved in a citizen science program called "All About Arsenic" aimed at addressing arsenic contamination of well water, one of the most pressing public health issues in both states. Nearly half of the population of Maine and New Hampshire derive their drinking water from private wells which often have arsenic levels above the EPA limit of 10 ppb. Arsenic exposure can cause cancer, adverse cardiovascular effects, and other health problems.