Adult Brainstem Astroblastoma: Unusual Presentation of a Rare Tumor.

Astroblastoma is a rare tumor, which is mostly found in pediatric population. Due to scarcity of literature, the data about treatment is lacking. We are reporting case of brainstem astroblastoma in an adult female.

An Uncommon, Extensive Involvement of Hydatid Cyst-Cervical Spine to Brachial Plexus.

Introduction: Hydatid cyst usually involves liver and lung. But it has been reported in uncommon locations like the spine and brain. There are few reports of cervical spine to brachial plexus.

Extensive titanium mesh invasive cranial fibrous dysplasia.

Background: Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign lesion. It presents as bony swelling. Even after complete excision, it has a tendency to recur due to some residual lesion in normal bone.

A Rare Case of Intramedullary Lipoma of Brainstem to Thoracic Cord--What to Do?

Introduction: Intramedullary lipomas are rare, representing 1% of spinal cord tumors. There are less than 25 case reports about cord lipoma extending into brain. Due to paucity of literature, etiology and management are not well established.

An Institutional Retrospective Study of Coil Loop Herniation and its Management.

Introduction: Endovascular coiling is a method of aneurysm embolization. Sometimes coil loops herniate in the lumen after deployment of the coil. It is usually seen in wide-necked aneurysms.

An Institutional Experience of Fenestrated T-Bar Clip Use in The Management of Intracranial Aneurysms.

Surgical management of an intracranial aneurysm is mainly clipping. Various types of clips have been designed for complex, giant, and other aneurysms. Recently, the Yasargil-fenestrated T-bar clip has been introduced for the management of such complicated aneurysms.

Ring graft technique for microvascular decompression.

Introduction: Various nerve compression syndromes, such as trigeminal neuralgia (TN), glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GN), and hemifacial spasm (HFS), are caused by compression of the concerned nerve by the adjacent vessel. Patients who do not respond to medical management are usually treated by "microvascular decompression (MVD) of the nerve." Teflon patch graft is the most commonly used material for MVD.

Management of a rare case of intraventricular ruptured dermoid cyst and chemical meningitis.

Introduction: Intraventricular dermoid cyst are very rare benign tumour. Due to benign nature, it may go un-noticed for years and might present with sudden rupture. Ruptured cyst can cause chemical meningitis, hydrocephalus, seizures etc.

Study of Incidence and Factors: Risk and Preventive, of Chronic Subdural Hematoma/hygroma in Clipped Patients of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms - An Institutional Experience.

Introduction: One of the underreported complications of clipping of unruptured aneurysm is chronic subdural hematoma/hygroma (CSDH). It can cause sudden deterioration and might need emergency evacuation. Recently, very few papers have studied its incidence and predisposing factors.

A Worst-Case Scenario-Undiagnosed Ruptured Arteriovenous Malformation Managed with Limited Resources.

Background: Treatment of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is currently performed at specialized neurosurgical centers well equipped with microscopes with green filters, neurosurgical catheterization laboratories, and experienced neurosurgical teams. Patients in whom AVMs are diagnosed at smaller hospitals should be referred to such specialized centers. This case report describes the unavoidable worst-case scenario of an emergency unplanned surgical excision of an undiagnosed ruptured AVM with large hematoma.

Intraoperative Rupture Cerebral Aneurysm and Computational Flow Dynamics.

Intraoperative aneurysmal rupture (IAR) is the most fearsome complication of aneurysm surgery. IAR associates with high morbidity and mortality. In recent years, we have many studies regarding using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in aneurysm surgery.

Redo Microvascular Decompression in a Patient of Resistant Cochleovestibular Nerve Compression Syndrome.

Cochlea-vestibular nerve compression syndrome (CVCS) may present as recurrent attacks of vertigo, dizziness, imbalance, etc. Those patients who do not respond to medical management, are usually managed by "microvascular decompression (MVD) of cochlea-vestibular nerve." The success rate of MVD is not 100% and few patients present with the recurrence of symptoms.

Occipital Intraparenchymal Myxopapillary Ependymoma: Case Report and Literature Review.

Myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE) is a histological variant of ependymoma found in the conus medullaris or filum terminale region. Intracranial occurrence of the tumor is a rarity. The most characteristic histological feature of myxopapillary tumors is the abundance of intercellular and perivascular mucin and the arborizing vasculature, which tends to form papillae.

Assessment of surgical risk factors in the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia in neurosurgical intensive care unit patients: Alarming observations.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent nosocomial infection in patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) and contributes to a longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay, duration of MV, and a high morbidity and mortality.

Objective: The purpose of study was to determine the incidence of VAP in neurosurgery ICU patients and to assess the probable contributing neurosurgical risk factors like the site and nature of the lesion in the brain, the duration of surgery, blood loss during surgery, and infection elsewhere in the body, in the development of VAP.

Materials And Methods: The prospective clinical study included patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score>8 undergoing a neurosurgical procedure and postoperatively receiving MV for> 48 hours, who were followed for the development of VAP.

Understanding the Course of Vertebral Artery at Craniovertebral Junction in Occipital Assimilation of Atlas: Made Simplified Using Conventional Angiography.

 Preoperative assessment of vertebral artery (VA) is important to avoid its injury during surgery at craniovertebral junction (CVJ). The main concern is the course of third segment of VA (V3) while performing instrumentation at CVJ, that is, segment of VA from its course through transverse foramen of C2 to its course along the posterior arch of C1. This segment of VA includes its passage through C1 transverse foramen as well.

Intraventricular Tuberculoma in a Child: A Rare Location.

Intracranial tuberculoma is an uncommon presentation of tuberculosis, and its occurrence in an intraventricular location is very rare. It is usually confused with glioma, parasitic cyst, and craniopharyngioma. Few case reports exist in the literature on this entity.

An Alternate Vista in Rehabilitation of Cranial Defects: Combining Digital and Manual Techniques to Fabricate a Hybrid Cranioplast.

The desired features of a cranioplast include providing an acceptable contour, continuity with the remaining skull (marginal adaptation), improvising the aesthetic outcome, providing a strengthened prosthesis to avoid fracture in case of repeat trauma, and protecting the remaining neurological structures. Combining digital and manual techniques to fabricate a hybrid polymethylmethacrylate cranioplast during the rehabilitation of a pediatric patient with cranial defect has been described. Utilization of digital techniques (rapid prototyping to obtain skull analog) and manual (hand) sculpting of the prosthesis strengthened with glass fiber enabled the authors to fabricate a hybrid cranioplast.

Prospective randomized clinical trial comparing phytotherapy with potassium citrate in management of minimal burden (≤8 mm) nephrolithiasis.

Aim: To compare efficacy and tolerability of phytotherapy (PT) vs. potassium citrate (KC) in patients with minimal nephrolithiasis. To compare and assess changes in value of certain serum (Ca(2)+, PO(4) (3-), uric acid [UA]) and urinary (24-hr Ca(2+), PO(4) (3-), UA, citrate, oxalate, and urine pH) parameters in patients being treated with PT or KC.