Development of ultrafast four-dimensional precession electron diffraction.

Ultrafast electron diffraction/microscopy technique enables us to investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of crystal structures in the femtosecond-nanosecond time domain. However, the electron diffraction intensities are in general extremely sensitive to the excitation errors (i.e.

Treatment Selection and Characteristics of Patients With Preiser Disease.

Purpose: Preiser disease is difficult to diagnose and treat because of its unclear pathophysiology. Although both nonsurgical treatment and surgical treatment for Preiser disease have been reported, there is no consensus on the optimal treatment because of its rarity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between treatment selection and characteristics of patients with Preiser disease.

Comparison of Echo-Planar Imaging and Compressed Sensing in the Estimation of Flow Metrics from Aortic 4D Flow MR Imaging: A Healthy Volunteer Study.

Purpose: Prolonged scanning of time-resolved 3D phase-contrast MRI (4D flow MRI) limits its routine use in clinical practice. An echo-planar imaging (EPI)-based sequence and compressed sensing can reduce the scan duration. We aimed to determine the impact of EPI for 4D flow MRI on the scan duration, image quality, and quantitative flow metrics.

Comparisons of in-hospital fee and surgical outcomes between robot-assisted, laparoscopic, and open radical cystectomy: a Japanese nationwide study.

Objective: To evaluate in-hospital fees and surgical outcomes of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC), laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) and open radical cystectomy (ORC) using a Japanese nationwide database.

Methods: All data were obtained from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database between April 2020 and March 2022. Basic characteristics and perioperative indicators, including in-hospital fees, were compared among the RARC, LRC and ORC groups.

Intranodal glue embolization for lymphorrhea following inguinal lymphadenectomy in penile cancer: A case report.

An 86-year-old man underwent total penectomy and bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy (ILND) for penile cancer with an enlarged right inguinal lymph node. The accumulation of 100-150 ml of lymphatic fluid was observed in the right inguinal drain in a day after surgery. Compression was performed, without any improvement in lymphorrhea.

Symmetry Engineering in Twisted Bilayer WTe.

The fabrication of artificial structures using a twisted van der Waals assembly has been a key technique for recent advancements in the research of two-dimensional (2D) materials. To date, various exotic phenomena have been observed thanks to the modified electron correlation or moiré structure controlled by the twist angle. However, the twisted van der Waals assembly has further potential to modulate the physical properties by controlling the symmetry.

Age-related changes in circulating INSL3 concentrations and their associations with ovarian conditions in Japanese Black beef cattle.

Information on circulating levels of insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) in female domesticated animals is limited, as their concentrations are significantly lower than in males. The objectives of the present study were to 1) develop a sandwich time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) with higher detectability to measure blood INSL3 concentrations in female cattle, 2) determine INSL3 concentrations in female cattle among age groups and reproductive conditions, and 3) explore associations between INSL3 levels and ultrasonographic ovarian measurements. Blood was collected repeatedly from Japanese Black beef female calves (n = 12; 0－8 mo), heifers (n = 10; 10－26 mo), and cows (n = 20; 27－200 mo).

Convenient Application of a Compact-Type Magnetic Resonance Imager with Blood Pool Contrast Agent Gadolinium-Conjugated Dextran to Assess Vascular Abnormalities in Experimental Animals.

Vascular lesions are symptomatic of lifestyle-related diseases and include blood clots, coarctations, aneurysms, and apoplexy. Furthermore, increased blood vessel permeability is usually observed in tumors. To develop therapeutic drugs treating vascular lesions and tumors, methods with which the vascular abnormalities can be readily assessed in experimental animals are necessary.

Development and applications of ultrafast transmission electron microscopy.

We present a review on the development and applications of ultrafast transmission electron microscopy (UTEM) at Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN). We introduce the UTEM system for the pump-probe transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation in a wide temporal range. By combining the UTEM and pixelated detector, we further develop five-dimensional scanning TEM (5D STEM), which provides the ultrafast nanoscale movie of physical quantities in nanomaterials, such as crystal lattice information and electromagnetic field, by convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) and differential phase contrast imaging technique.

Characterizing an Optically Induced Sub-micrometer Gigahertz Acoustic Wave in a Silicon Thin Plate.

Optically induced GHz-THz guided acoustic waves have been intensively studied because of the potential to realize noninvasive and noncontact material inspection. Although the generation of photoinduced guided acoustic waves utilizing nanostructures, such as ultrathin plates, nanowires, and materials interfaces, is being established, experimental characterization of these acoustic waves in consideration of the finite size effect has been difficult due to the lack of experimental methods with nm × ps resolution. Here we experimentally observe the sub-micrometer guided acoustic waves in a nanofabricated ultrathin silicon plate by ultrafast transmission electron microscopy with nm × ps precision.

Gradual resolution over time of recurrent dystrophic calcification after bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate: A case report.

Dystrophic calcification (DC) after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is rare. In our patient, bipolar TURP was performed by an experienced urologist, without complications. Seven months later, he developed a tingling urethral sensation, difficulty in urination, urgency, and perineal discomfort.

Development of five-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy.

By combining the scanning transmission electron microscopy with the ultrafast optical pump-probe technique, we improved the time resolution by a factor of ∼10 for the differential phase contrast and convergent-beam electron diffraction imaging. These methods provide ultrafast nanoscale movies of physical quantities in nano-materials, such as crystal lattice deformation, magnetization vector, and electric field. We demonstrate the observations of the photo-induced acoustic phonon propagation with an accuracy of 4 ps and 8 nm and the ultrafast demagnetization under zero magnetic field with 10 ns and 400 nm resolution, by utilizing these methods.

Differential treatment responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in a case of multiple primary malignancies: the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) negative ureteral and lung metastasis from a clear cell renal cell carcinoma appearing after robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy progressed after ICI therapy, while synchronous PD-L1-positive primary lung squamous cell carcinoma responded very well to ICI therapy: a case report.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are representative malignancies that respond well to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Research has been conducted to identify biomarkers, such as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), that would allow the response to ICI therapy to be predicted; however, the complex tumor immune system consisting of both host and tumor factors may also exert an influence.

Case Presentation: Computed tomographic imaging (CT) incidentally revealed a left renal mass, and a left pulmonary nodule with multiple lymph node metastases (LNMs).

CD169 Macrophages Residing in the Draining Lymph Nodes and Infiltrating the Tumor Play Opposite Roles in the Pathogenesis of Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: CD169 macrophages are considered to enhance anti-tumor immunity by capturing lymph-borne dead tumor cells. The number of CD169 macrophages in regional lymph nodes (RLNs) is positively correlated with prolonged cancer-free survival in various human cancers. However, a recent study argued against this dogma; that is, CD169 macrophages infiltrating into the tumor were associated with poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer.

Layer-Number-Independent Two-Dimensional Ferromagnetism in CrTe.

In a conventional magnetic material, a long-range magnetic order develops in three dimensions, and reducing a layer number weakens its magnetism. Here we demonstrate anomalous layer-number-independent ferromagnetism down to the two-dimensional (2D) limit in a metastable phase of CrTe. We fabricated CrTe thin films by molecular-beam epitaxy and found that CrTe could host two distinct ferromagnetic phases characterized with different Curie temperatures ().

Development of a Humanoid Hand System to Support Robotic Urological Surgery.

In robotic urological surgery, it is common for an assistant to use laparoscopic forceps to move organs clear of the surgical working space; however, the assistance efficiency is low. In this study, we aimed to develop a three-fingered humanoid hand with multiple degrees of freedom and a folding mechanism that would allow it to be inserted through a small incision to improve the efficiency of assisting with organs. The bladder (with prostate) and kidneys were selected as the target organs.

Dry pick-and-flip assembly of van der Waals heterostructures for microfocus angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.

We present a dry pick-and-flip assembly technique for angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) of van der Waals heterostructures. By combining Elvacite2552C acrylic resin and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquid, we prepared polymers with glass transition temperatures (T) ranging from 37 to 100 ℃. The adhesion of the polymer to the 2D crystals was enhanced at [Formula: see text].

Visualizing optically-induced strains by five-dimensional ultrafast electron microscopy.

Ultrafast optical control of strain is crucial for the future development of nanometric acoustic devices. Although ultrafast electron microscopy has played an important role in the visualization of strain dynamics in the GHz frequency region, quantitative strain evaluation with nm × ps spatio-temporal resolution is still challenging. Five-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (5D-STEM) is a powerful technique that measures time-dependent diffraction or deflection of the electron beam at the respective two-dimensional sample positions in real space.

Bladder metastasis with additional metastases in multiple other organs 4 years after radical nephrectomy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma rarely metastasizes to the bladder, and its biological behavior is not yet fully understood.

Case Presentation: In our case (54-year-old Japanese woman), computed tomography evaluation suggested the presence of a bladder metastasis, associated with additional metastases in the lungs, mediastinal lymph nodes, ribs, and renal bed, 4 years after radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. The histological findings of the metastatic bladder tumor were consistent with those of clear cell carcinoma.

Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating of the cerebrospinal fluid kinetics with 17O-labeled water tracer: A preliminary report.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of kinetic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using O-labeled water tracer. Four subjects (two idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and two possible AD dementia patients) were prospectively included. Injectable formulation of O-labeled water containing 10 mol% of HO (PSO17), was intrathecally administered to the subjects with the lateral decubitus position between the 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae.