Safety and Efficacy of Dose-Dense Methotrexate, Vinblastine, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin with Pegfilgrastim in Japanese Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma.

Introduction: Dose-dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (ddMVAC) therapy is indicated as first-line or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). However, no studies reported ddMVAC therapy with pegfilgrastim (3.6 mg) in Japanese patients.

Assessing the risk factors for surgical site infections after anal reconstruction surgery in patients with anorectal malformations: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify surgical site infection (SSI) risk factors after anal reconstruction surgery in patients with anorectal malformations (ARMs).

Methods: This retrospective analysis from January 2013 to December 2022, including all pediatric surgical facilities in Hokkaido, Japan, examined consecutive patients with ARMs, excluding cloacal cases, regarding perioperative and SSI factors during their initial anal reconstruction surgeries.

Results: This study involved 157 cases of major clinical groups and 7 cases of rare/regional variants, among whom 4% developed SSIs.

Factors associated with stiff knee gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Stiff knee gait (SKG) is a common gait pattern in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), characterized by reduced knee flexion excursion during gait. SKG can accelerate KOA progression; however, its underlying mechanisms and associated factors remain unclear. This study aimed to provide preliminary evidence on SKG-associated factors in patients with KOA.

Immediate Effects of Calf Tissue Flossing on Ankle Joint Torque and Dorsiflexion Range of Motion in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial.

Tissue flossing involves wrapping a rubber band around a muscle group for a few minutes while performing joint motion, enhancing ankle joint torque and range of motion. As limited ankle dorsiflexion range of motion and plantar flexion muscle weakness are risk factors for sports injury, assessing the therapeutic effects of tissue flossing is important. This study aimed to evaluate the immediate effects of calf tissue flossing on enhancing ankle joint torque and dorsiflexion range of motion.

Recanalization Does Not Always Equate to Reperfusion: No-Reflow Phenomenon After Successful Thrombectomy.

Background: Thrombectomy for acute large vessel occlusion is a well-established treatment for stroke prevention. However, futile recanalization cases, where no-reflow occurs despite successful recanalization, have been reported. This study aimed to assess cerebral hemodynamics immediately after thrombectomy and their relationship with clinical outcomes.

Dynamic Deformation Behavior of the Porcine Anterior Cruciate Ligament Enthesis Under Anterior Tibial Loading.

This study determined the insertion angle at the porcine anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) enthesis under joint loading to provide information on the structure and mechanical function of the enthesis. Ten intact porcine knee joints were harvested, and an anterior tibial load was applied using a robotic testing system. After dissecting a portion of the ACL enthesis along ligament fibers, the remaining enthesis was imaged using a digital microscope while reproducing the three-dimensional intact knee motion.

An integrated population pharmacokinetic model of febuxostat in pediatric patients with hyperuricemia including gout and adult population of healthy subjects and patients with renal dysfunction.

The study objective was to validate febuxostat dosage and administration in pediatric patients with hyperuricemia including gout, using an integrated population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) analysis in the Japanese population. Integrated PopPK analysis of febuxostat used a nonlinear mixed-effects modeling (NONMEM) program on plasma febuxostat concentration data for 2611 samples from Japanese pediatric patients with hyperuricemia including gout (n = 29) and from adult subjects who are healthy or have renal dysfunction (n = 113). We described febuxostat pharmacokinetics using an integrated PopPK model applicable both to pediatric patients and to the adult population.

Closure of the initial surgical wound resulting in successful treatment of a pediatric case of Fournier's gangrene: A case report.

Fournier's gangrene is a severe type of necrotizing fasciitis that affects the perineal and genital regions. Because of its rapid progression, Fournier's gangrene is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Surgical treatment of Fournier's gangrene requires leaving the wound open and performing multiple debridement procedures.

Annual record on the number of general urological surgeries registered in the National Clinical Database system between April 2018 and December 2021 in Japan.

Background: The Japanese National Clinical Database (NCD) is a large-scale, nationwide, web-based data entry system that covers the majority of surgical cases performed in Japan. An NCD specializing in urological surgery was launched based on the NCD system in 2018.

Methods: All urological surgeries performed at more than 1000 institutions were registered from 2018.

Serum stratifin measurement is useful for evaluating disease severity and outcomes in patients with acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease: a retrospective study.

Background: Serum levels of stratifin (SFN), a member of the 14-3-3 protein family, increase in patients with drug-induced lung injury associated with diffuse alveolar damage. Therefore, we hypothesised that SFN levels would be higher in those experiencing acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD). A secondary analysis was also planned to determine whether SFN levels could discriminate survival in those with AE.

Outcome of CAS under flow reversal and analysis for the intraprocedural flow of internal carotid artery.

Objective: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) under flow reversal with dual protection using a proximal balloon and distal filter has been an established procedure for internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. This study investigates the effect of external carotid artery (ECA) occlusion on outcomes of CAS and ICA flow under flow reversal.

Methods: We reviewed 231 cases of CAS under flow reversal with ECA occlusion and 32 without.

The roles of tight junction protein cingulin in human endometrioid endometrial cancer.

The bicellular tight junction molecule cingulin (CGN) binds to microtubules in centrosomes. Furthermore, CGN contributes to the tricellular tight junction (tTJ) proteins lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) and tricellulin (TRIC). CGN as well as LSR decreased during the malignancy of endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC).

Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic target attainment analysis of cefazolin using total and unbound serum concentration in patients with prostatectomy or nephrectomy.

The aim of this study was to analyze the population pharmacokinetics of total and unbound concentrations of prophylactic cefazolin (CFZ) in patients with prostatectomy or nephrectomy. We also aimed to calculate a pharmacodynamics target unbound concentration that exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), to design an effective dosing regimen. Briefly, 614 total concentration and 610 unbound concentration samples from 152 individuals were evaluated, using a nonlinear mixed-effects model.

Effects of Anti-Fibrotic Drugs on Transcriptome of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Two anti-fibrotic drugs, pirfenidone (PFD) and nintedanib (NTD), are currently used to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are immunocompetent cells that could orchestrate cell-cell interactions associated with IPF pathogenesis. We employed RNA sequencing to examine the transcriptome signature in the bulk PBMCs of patients with IPF and the effects of anti-fibrotic drugs on these signatures.

Functionally graded structures in the involucre of Job's tears.

Nature is filled with materials that are both strong and light, such as bones, teeth, bamboo, seashells, arthropod exoskeletons, and nut shells. The insights gained from analyzing the changing chemical compositions and structural characteristics, as well as the mechanical properties of these materials, have been applied in developing innovative, durable, and lightweight materials like those used for impact absorption. This research concentrates on the involucres of Job's tears (var.

A component of high-grade fetal lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed as the cause of lymph node metastasis.

High-grade fetal lung adenocarcinoma (H-FLAC) is a rare type of tumor. There have been no reports demonstrating the degree of metastatic susceptibility of this tumor type. In this report, we describe a case in which 15% of the adenocarcinoma components were H-FLAC diagnosed as the cause of lymph node metastasis.

[Thrombectomy].

Endovascular procedures have become the standard treatment for acute stroke caused by large vessel occlusion. Various strategies are available, including stent retrieval, aspiration catheter placement, and combined techniques. However, the first-pass effect can be maximized using the technique most familiar to each surgeon and institution.

[Carotid Artery Stenting].

Currently, stricter indications for carotid artery stenosis are required owing to improvements in multifaceted medical treatment, including the intensive management of risk factors for atherosclerosis and lifestyle changes. High-risk factors for carotid artery stenting, such as vulnerable plaques, severe calcification, pseudo-occlusion, and difficult access, should be evaluated before endovascular intervention. Therefore, we need to understand the characteristics of each device to achieve maximum risk reduction for carotid artery stenting.