Hydrogel coils in intracranial aneurysm treatment: a multicenter, prospective, randomized open-label trial.

Objective: Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of hydrogel-coated coils (HGCs) to achieve the composite endpoint of decreased recanalization rates and greater safety. Herein, the authors aimed to assess the true ability of second-generation HGCs to prevent recanalization.

Methods: This randomized controlled study, the HYBRID (Hydrocoil Versus Bare Platinum Coil in Recanalization Imaging Data) trial, comparing HGCs with bare platinum coils (BPCs), was conducted in 43 Japanese institutions.

Clinical Impact of Osteolytic Bone Lesions in POEMS Syndrome: A Single-Center Experience of 114 Patients.

POEMS syndrome is a multisystemic disease associated with monoclonal plasma cell disorders. Although the presence of bone lesions is included in the diagnostic criteria, their precise manifestations remain unknown. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the bone lesions in patients with POEMS syndrome and evaluated their clinical features.

Ulcerative Colitis Preceding Asymptomatic Wilson's Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.

An 11-year-old girl with quiescent ulcerative colitis had sustained elevation of liver enzymes. Although she had no clinical symptoms suggestive of Wilson's disease, such as Kayser-Fleischer rings, laboratory data showed decreased serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels and increased urinary copper excretion. Genetic testing showed pathogenic variants in allele 1: c.

Efficacy of Donepezil for Fatigue and Psychological Symptoms in Post-COVID-19 Condition: Study Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Trial.

Background: Approximately 30% of coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 patients develop fatigue and psychological symptoms. We previously demonstrated the efficacy of donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that is widely used to treat dementia, in basic research.

Methods: This is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled, phase II clinical trial in which 120 patients with COVID-19 will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to a donepezil or placebo group.

New on-site color test to discriminate cocaine and cathinone derivatives.

Color tests are advantageous for the field detection of illicit drugs because of their simplicity, low cost, and rapidity. The Scott test has been widely used as a color test for cocaine; however, it has the disadvantage of reacting with cathinone derivatives. To develop a more discriminating field-testing procedure, we evaluated the Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) and bicinchoninic acid (BCA) tests for cathinones, to discriminate between cocaine and cathinones.

Prospective randomized trial of antibiotic prophylaxis for percutaneous renal biopsy.

Background: Infection is a rare complication of percutaneous renal biopsy (RB). However, the questionnaire included in the Kidney Biopsy Guidebook 2020 in Japan revealed that antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) was administered at about 60% of hospitals. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether it is possible to omit AP for RB.

Contribution of amyloid deposition from oligodendrocytes in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides into insoluble plaques is an early pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). BACE1 is the sole β-secretase for Aβ generation, making it an attractive therapeutic target for AD therapy. While BACE1 inhibitors have been shown to reduce Aβ levels in people with AD, clinical trials targeting BACE1 have failed due to unwanted synaptic deficits.

Temporal trends in endovascular therapy for acute stroke in the era of modern mechanical thrombectomy: The JR-NET4 study.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine nationwide trends in acute stroke endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) following five pivotal trials in 2015 that established it as the 'standard of care'.

Methods: The Japanese Registry of NeuroEndovascular Therapy 4 was a nationwide retrospective study registering consecutive patients who underwent neurointervention by specialists certified by the Japanese Society for Neuroendovascular Therapy at 166 centers from January 2015 to December 2019. We extracted patients who underwent EVT, and analyzed the annual trends in baseline characteristics, revascularization procedures and outcomes.

Effect of Nattokinase in D-galactose- and Aluminum Chloride-induced Alzheimer's Disease Model of Rat.

Background/aim: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide. Nattokinase is a serine protease extracellularly produced by natto, a fermented product of Bacillus subtilis var. natto.

The blue-green light-dependent state transition in the marine phytoplankton Ostreococcus tauri.

We explored the adaptive mechanisms of Ostreococcus tauri, a marine picophytoplankton with a ubiquitous ocean presence. We aimed to understand its photosynthetic acclimation, as featured in the cryo-EM structure of its photosystem I (PSI) supercomplex. This structure revealed a unique composition involving a phosphorylated Lhcp trimer bound to the PSI core along with two additional Lhcp trimers, suggesting potential state transitions for photoacclimation.

Dissociative Oxygen Adsorption and Incorporation in CoO-Dispersed BaZrScO for PCFC Cathode.

The development of air electrodes with superior surface oxygen exchange properties at intermediate temperatures is crucial for improving the efficiency of protonic ceramic fuel cells. This study evaluated the surface exchange properties of CoO dispersed protonic conductors, BaZrScO. Although CoO is widely acknowledged as superior dissociative adsorption catalysts, there is still ambiguity regarding the enhancement mechanisms of their surface exchange properties by CoO, as well as their optimal composition to achieve high catalytic activity.

Comparison of the imaging performance of time-of-flight MRA and ultrashort echo time MRA in flow diverters: A phantom study.

Objective: Flow diverters (FD) are innovative treatments for wide-neck intracranial aneurysms. After-treatment verification of embolization and parent vessel patency is crucial. While evaluation using time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) is useful, it suffers from signal loss within the FD due to susceptibility effects.

Impact of Intracranial Hemorrhage After Endovascular Treatment for Medium Vessel Occlusion.

Background And Objectives: Endovascular treatment (EVT) for medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) raises concern about hemorrhagic complications; however, its clinical impact has not been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the association between intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) after EVT for MeVO and functional outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of the Japan Registry of NeuroEndovascular Therapy 4, a nationwide registry in Japan from 2015 to 2019 including 13 479 patients who underwent EVT for acute ischemic stroke.

Deletion of p38 MAPK in macrophages ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis and inflammation in peritoneal dialysis.

One of the most common causes of peritoneal dialysis withdrawal is ultrafiltration failure which is characterized by peritoneal membrane thickening and fibrosis. Although previous studies have demonstrated the inhibitory effect of p38 MAPK inhibitors on peritoneal fibrosis in mice, it was unclear which specific cells contribute to peritoneal fibrosis. To investigate the role of p38 MAPK in peritoneal fibrosis more precisely, we examined the expression of p38 MAPK in human peritoneum and generated systemic inducible p38 MAPK knockout mice and macrophage-specific p38 MAPK knockout mice.

Efficacy of high-resolution vessel wall MRI in the postoperative assessment of intracranial aneurysms following flow diversion treatment.

Objective: Certain patients must undergo frequent postoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) after flow diversion (FD) therapy. No imaging modality with an efficacy comparable to that of DSA has been established. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of contrast-enhanced delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation (DANTE) T1-sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolution (SPACE), a high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging technique for evaluating the occlusion status of intracranial aneurysms after FD treatment, with DSA serving as the reference standard.

Daily change of peritoneal ultrafiltration volume in patients with hybrid dialysis.

Introduction: Hybrid dialysis is widely used in Japan. Although previous reports have shown the beneficial effects of hybrid dialysis, little is known about the daily change in peritoneal ultrafiltration volume in hybrid dialysis.

Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted in 25 patients with hybrid dialysis.

Trauma-related thyroid storm in adolescents: A case report.

Background: Because of a scant report, it is little known that thyroid storms can occur after trauma, even in adolescence. Significantly, this increases the risk of delaying diagnosis resulting in life-threatening.

Case Presentation: A 13-year-old girl was admitted to the emergency department after a traffic accident.

Clinical impact of airflow obstruction after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Criteria for airflow obstruction (AFO) at one year after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are more stringent than the bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) criteria of the National Institutes of Health. This single-center, retrospective cohort study evaluated the clinical impact of the AFO criteria at any time after transplantation. In 132 patients who underwent allo-HSCT from 2006 to 2016, the 2-year cumulative incidence of AFO was 35.