Inconspicuous breeding coloration to conceal eggs during mouthbrooding in male cardinalfish.

Animals exhibit colorations optimal for their niche, which hides their existence from other organisms. In Apogoninae fishes, the father broods their egg inside their mouth. Since the color of eggs is different from parental fish, it can disrupt the optimal camouflage coloration of parental fish if the lower jaw is transparent.

What does "sustainable seafood" mean to seafood system actors in Japan and Sweden?

"Sustainability" can mean different prioritisations of society, environment and economy to different people. As one of the largest globally traded food commodities, for seafood, these differences could have large implications. The study captures different understandings of "sustainable seafood" among 29 key actors along the seafood supply chain-government, NGOs, industry bodies, retailers and producers-using a novel cross-country application of Q method in Japan and Sweden.

Correlation Between Coagulation Parameters and Dense Fibrin Band Configuration in Tough Intracerebral Hematoma in Anticoagulated Patients.

Objective: Patients receiving anticoagulation therapy develop intracerebral hematomas, which are difficult to evacuate during endoscopic surgery. Insufficient thrombin activation results in the gradual conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, forming dense fibrin bands (FBs) that harden the hematoma. We aimed to investigate the factors contributing to hematoma hardness.

Diacylglycerol kinase ζ is a positive insulin secretion regulator in pancreatic β-cell line MIN6.

Some isoforms of diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase (DGK), an enzyme converting DAG into phosphatidic acid, i.e., DGKα, γ and δ, have been reportedly involved in the regulation of pancreatic β-cell function.

Monitoring method for uranium concentration and chemical form in the droplet of rat serum.

A simple monitoring method has been proposed by measuring uranium (U) concentration and its chemical form in serum. The droplet of the 1 µL rat serum specimen was then examined by subjecting it to high energy synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (SR-XRF) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) to determine the concentration and chemical form of U. The detection limit of U in 1 µL droplet was calculated to be 0.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Cilostazol Addition for In-Stent Restenosis After Carotid Artery Stenting.

Background: Restenosis after carotid artery stenting (CAS) is associated with the risk of developing ischemic stroke. We aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of cilostazol addition on in-stent restenosis (ISR) in patients treated with CAS.

Methods: In a randomized, open-label, blind-end point trial, patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis and scheduled for CAS were randomly assigned to adding cilostazol (50 or 100 mg, twice per day) on other antiplatelets from 3 days before CAS or not adding cilostazol.

Stepwise Improvement of Cerebral Hemodynamics in Staged Angioplasty for Carotid Artery Stenosis.

Staged angioplasty (SAP) is used as an alternative to preventing cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) after carotid artery stenting (CAS), particularly among patients with compromised cerebral haemodynamics. Although SAP is presumed to prevent CHS by gradually restoring cerebral blood flow (CBF), few studies have examined haemodynamic changes, and none have evaluated CBF during the chronic phase of SAP. In the present study, in addition to the clinical outcome of SAP, we measured both resting CBF and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) throughout all stages of SAP, including the chronic phase, using quantitative N-isopropyl-p-[I-123] iodoamphetamine (I-IMP) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and evaluated the effects of SAP on cerebral haemodynamics.

Laser-Driven Proton-Only Acceleration in a Multicomponent Near-Critical-Density Plasma.

An experimental investigation of collisionless shock ion acceleration is presented using a multicomponent plasma and a high-intensity picosecond duration laser pulse. Protons are the only accelerated ions when a near-critical-density plasma is driven by a laser with a modest normalized vector potential. The results of particle-in-cell simulations imply that collisionless shock may accelerate protons alone selectively, which can be an important tool for understanding the physics of inaccessible collisionless shocks in space and astrophysical plasma.

Comparison of the distance between the talus and lateral malleolus during the stance phase with and without chronic ankle instability.

The level of dynamic mechanical instability between the bony parts of the ankle joint provides important information on biomechanical function. However, the dynamics of the distance between the talus and lateral malleolus during gait remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the distance between the talus and lateral malleolus and the ankle joint angles during the stance phase of gait between individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and healthy adults.

Impact of intracranial hypertension and cerebral perfusion pressure on spreading depolarization.

Spreading depolarization (SD) develops after stroke and traumatic brain injury and may contribute to secondary brain damage. These diseases are often accompanied by intracranial hypertension, but little is known about the effects of intracranial pressure (ICP) on SD. Here, we study the effect of increased ICP on hemodynamic and metabolic response to SD in rats.

[Spreading Depolarization After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage].

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage(aSAH) is a critical condition that often results in severe neurological deficits. Recent studies have highlighted the role of spreading depolarization(SD) in post-aSAH secondary brain injury. SD comprises rapid and sequential changes in neuronal and glial membrane potentials that disrupt energy metabolism and induce neuronal dysfunction.

Comparative sensitivity of laboratory animals used for preclinical convulsion risk assessment to drug-induced convulsion.

Drug-induced convulsion is a serious concern in drug development, such that the convulsion liability of drug candidates must be evaluated in preclinical safety studies. However, information on the differences among species regarding their sensitivity to convulsions induced by convulsant drugs in humans remains limited. Here, we selected 11 test articles from several pharmacological classes and compared the sensitivities of three types of laboratory animal to convulsion.

Generalized Optical Binding for Multiple Assemblies of Nanoparticles under Multiple Laser Beams.

Optical forces enable noncontact manipulation of micro- and nanoscale objects, offering diverse applications. When a laser beam irradiates multiple nanoparticles in a solvent, it induces the formation of an ordered array with a finite distance between particles due to optical binding, which results from the optical force exerted by scattered light. This scattered light extends beyond the irradiation area, facilitating interactions between spatially separated nanoparticle assemblies under multiple laser beams.

Flow cytometric analysis for Ki67 assessment in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue.

Background: Pathologists commonly employ the Ki67 immunohistochemistry labelling index (LI) when deciding appropriate therapeutic strategies for patients with breast cancer. However, despite several attempts at standardizing the Ki67 LI, inter-observer and inter-laboratory bias remain problematic. We developed a flow cytometric assay that employed tissue dissociation, enzymatic treatment and a gating process to analyse Ki67 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast cancer tissue.

Effect of Intravenous Thrombolysis and Mechanical Thrombectomy on the Incidence of Acute Symptomatic Seizure and Post-Stroke Epilepsy in Patients with Acute Large-Vessel Occlusion.

Objective: Reperfusion therapy, such as intravenous tissue-plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischemic stroke, may increase the incidence of acute symptomatic seizure (ASS) and post-stroke epilepsy (PSE). This study aimed to analyze the effect and predictors of reperfusion therapy for ASS and PSE limited to large-vessel occlusions (LVOs).

Methods: This retrospective study classified 237 subjects with LVO into four groups: (1) IV-tPA + MT+ (n = 74 cases, (2) MT only (n = 82), (3) tissue-plasminogen activator (tPA) only (n = 28), and (4) IV-tPA - MT- (n = 53).

Changes in outcome of patients with advanced non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma from the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era to the immuno-oncology era.

Background: The therapeutic benefit of immuno-oncology (IO) therapy for patients with advanced non-clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) remains unclear.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed clinical data from 93 patients with advanced nccRCC who received first-line systemic therapy including IO combination therapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy at our affiliated institutions. Patients were divided based on the period when the treatment was implemented as the standard of care into the IO and TKI eras.

Comparative analysis of dual immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy versus immune checkpoint inhibitor plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor combination therapy for renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombosis.

Background: Whether immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) plus ICI combination therapy or ICI plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) combination therapy is useful for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with inferior vena cava tumor thrombosis (IVCTT) remains unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the therapeutic effects and incidence of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) associated with ICI-based combination therapy in 36 patients with advanced RCC with IVCTT.

Results: The median age at initiation of treatment was 71 years; the IVCTT stages were cT3b in 22 patients and cT3c in 14.

Degree of subarachnoid hemorrhage affects clinical outcome after mechanical thrombectomy for M2 occlusion.

Purpose: The prognostic relevance of post-mechanical thrombectomy (MT) subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate whether the thickness of the SAH clot affects clinical outcomes following MT for M2 occlusion.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a prospective database of patients who underwent MT for isolated M2 occlusion.

Comparison of surgical outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy performed by a single experienced surgeon according to two reconstruction methods, including single-layer and double-layer renorrhaphy.

This study aimed to assess the surgical outcomes of single-layer versus double-layer renorrhaphy in robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RAPN) performed by an experienced surgeon.We enrolled 655 patients who underwent RAPN between January 2019 and June 2023. After excluding those with multiple tumors or incomplete medical records, 554 patients were included in the final analysis.

Novel gene fusions in human oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Few reports have analyzed the fusion genes involved in carcinogenesis in the oropharynx, where the incidence of human papillomavirus-associated tumors is relatively low. The aim of this study was to identify novel driver fusion genes in patients with oropharyngeal cancer. The study enrolled fifty-seven patients who were diagnosed with oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Prognostic Impact of the Administration of Antibiotics and Proton Pump Inhibitors in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Combination Therapy for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: The prognostic impact of the administration of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for advanced cancer has recently been documented. However, how these drugs affect the outcomes of first-line ICI combination therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the data of 128 patients with RCC who received first-line ICI combination therapy.