Pyrethroids and reproductive function: some endocrine disrupting perspectives from molecular simulations.

Pyrethroids are widely used insecticides with huge applications for household as well as agricultural purposes and contribute to improved product quality and higher yields. In recent decades, the demand for pyrethroids has increased significantly due to advantages such as broad-spectrum efficacy, high insecticidal potential, and lower pest resistance. However, several studies have suggested that human exposure to pyrethroids leads to reproductive problems.

Secretory Trefoil Factor 1 (TFF1) promotes gemcitabine resistance through chemokine receptor CXCR4 in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Gemcitabine is the first-line treatment option for patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the frequent adoption of resistance to gemcitabine by cancer cells poses a significant challenge in treating this aggressive disease. In this study, we focused on analyzing the role of trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) in gemcitabine resistance in PDAC.

A hybrid cell image segmentation method based on the multilevel improvement of data.

Over the years, several methods have been developed for the segmentation of cell images. Most of the related techniques operate directly on the raw data (noisy cell samples) of the medical image which leads to adverse effects on the structure of leucocytes because the medical images are affected by multiple distortions (varying illumination, deficient background light intensity, and non-uniform staining). To overcome these problems, we came up with an improved solution that performs the qualitative enhancement of cell images for the smooth extraction of cell-nucleus.

Androgen receptor signaling and pyrethroids: Potential male infertility consequences.

Infertility is a global health concern inflicting a considerable burden on the global economy and a severe socio-psychological impact. Approximately 15% of couples suffer from infertility globally, with a male factor contribution of approximately 50%. However, male infertility remains largely unexplored, as the burden of infertility is mostly assigned to female people.

An Analysis of the Structural Relationship between Thyroid Hormone-Signaling Disruption and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers: Potential Implications for Male Infertility.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a common class of anthropogenic organobromine chemicals with fire-retardant properties and are extensively used in consumer products, such as electrical and electronic equipment, furniture, textiles, and foams. Due to their extensive use, PBDEs have wide eco-chemical dissemination and tend to bioaccumulate in wildlife and humans with many potential adverse health effects in humans, such as neurodevelopmental deficits, cancer, thyroid hormone disruption, dysfunction of reproductive system, and infertility. Many PBDEs have been listed as chemicals of international concern under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.

Organotin Antifouling Compounds and Sex-Steroid Nuclear Receptor Perturbation: Some Structural Insights.

Organotin compounds (OTCs) are a commercially important group of organometallic compounds of tin used globally as polyvinyl chloride stabilizers and marine antifouling biocides. Worldwide use of OTCs has resulted in their ubiquitous presence in ecosystems across all the continents. OTCs have metabolic and endocrine disrupting effects in marine and terrestrial organisms.

Potential Disruption of Systemic Hormone Transport by Tobacco Alkaloids Using Computational Approaches.

Tobacco/nicotine is one of the most toxic and addictive substances and continues to pose a significant threat to global public health. The harmful effects of smoking/nicotine affect every system in the human body. Nicotine has been associated with effects on endocrine homeostasis in humans such as the imbalance of gonadal steroid hormones, adrenal corticosteroid hormones, and thyroid hormones.

Insights into the Endocrine Disrupting Activity of Emerging Non-Phthalate Alternate Plasticizers against Thyroid Hormone Receptor: A Structural Perspective.

Many endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have a ubiquitous presence in our environment due to anthropogenic activity. These EDCs can disrupt hormone signaling in the human and animal body systems including the very important hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis causing adverse health effects. Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) are hormones of the HPT axis which are essential for regulation of metabolism, heart rate, body temperature, growth, development, etc.

An Investigation on the Behaviour of Geosynthetic Reinforced Quarry Waste Bases (QWB) Under Vertical loading.

The strength and rigidity of base course can significantly affect the performance of pavements. The rigidity of roadways relies on the infill material used in base layers which is interdependent on its thickness and quality. With the increase in the base thickness, the performance of the base course improves but the cost associated with it also increases.

An enforced block diagonal low-rank representation method for the classification of medical image patterns.

Low-rank representation based methods have been used on a variety of medical imaging databases for the segmentation and classification of biomedical images. The subspace segmentation of the data is performed by generating the block diagonal coefficient matrix. Whereas, the data is classified by performing the partitioning of the low-rank representation matrix.

Structural binding perspectives of common plasticizers and a flame retardant, BDE-153, against thyroxine-binding globulin: potential for endocrine disruption.

The human exposure to diverse endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has increased dramatically over several decades with very adverse health effects. Plasticizers and flame retardants constitute important classes of EDCs interfering in endocrine physiology including the thyroid function. Thyroxine (T4) is an important hormone regulating metabolism and playing key roles in developmental processes.

Structural Aspects of Potential Endocrine-Disrupting Activity of Stereoisomers for a Common Pesticide Permethrin against Androgen Receptor.

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a serious global public health and environmental concern. Pyrethroids are insecticide chemicals that are extensively used for crop protection and household purposes but have been identified as EDCs. On account of their ubiquitous environmental presence, human exposure occurs via food, dermal, or inhalation routes and is associated with health problems, including reproductive dysfunction.

Endocrine Disruption: Structural Interactions of Androgen Receptor against Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate and Its Metabolites.

Diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is a commonly used plasticizer in the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride plastics for household and commercial use. DEHP is a ubiquitous ecocontaminant and causes developmental and reproductive problems in children and adults. After exposure, DEHP is metabolized by endogenous hydrolysis and oxidation into the primary metabolite, mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), and the secondary metabolites, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxhexyl)phthalate (5-OH-MEHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (5-oxo-MEHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (5-cx-MEPP), and mono-[(2-carboxymethyl)hexyl] phthalate (2-cx-MMHP).

Structural studies on the endocrine-disrupting role of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in thyroid diseases.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are synthetic brominated flame retardants with extensive applications in daily-life consumer products. However, PBDEs have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants due to their leach-out capability. The hazardous human health effects and endocrine-disrupting activity of PBDEs have led many governmental organizations to impose ban on their manufacture, causing their gradual phase out from commercial products.

Endocrine disruption: Molecular interactions of environmental bisphenol contaminants with thyroid hormone receptor and thyroxine-binding globulin.

Many bisphenol A (BPA) analogs have been commercially used recently, such as 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane (BPB), 4,4'-ethylidenebisphenol, 4,4'-methylenediphenol (BPF), 4,4'-(1,4-phenylenediisopropylidene)bisphenol (BPP), 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone (BPS), 4,4'-cyclohexylidenebisphenol (BPZ), 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenol (BPAF), 4,4'-(1-phenylethylidene)bisphenol (BPAP), and 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)propane (TMBPA), to circumvent adverse effects of BPA. However, their increasing use is also contaminating the environment, which is a potential cause of concern for human health. Thyroid hormone transport and signaling are potential targets for endocrine-disrupting activity of BPA analogs.

Molecular interactions of thyroxine binding globulin and thyroid hormone receptor with estrogenic compounds 4-nonylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol and bisphenol A metabolite (MBP).

Aim: Endocrine disruption due to environmental chemical contaminants is a global human health issue. The aim of present study was to investigate the structural binding aspects of possible interference of commonly detected environmental contaminants on thyroid function.

Material And Methods: Three compounds, 4-tert-octylphenol (4-tert-OP), 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), and 4-methyl-2,4-bis(4-hydroxypentyl)pent-1-ene (MBP) were subjected to induced fit docking (IFD) against thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) and thyroid hormone receptor (THR).

A novel terpenoid class for prevention and treatment of KRAS-driven cancers: Comprehensive analysis using in situ, in vitro, and in vivo model systems.

Inhibiting the disease progression in KRAS-driven cancers after diagnosis has been a difficult task for clinicians to manage due to the lack of effective intervention/preventive therapies. KRAS-driven cancers depend on sustained KRAS signaling. Although developing inhibitors of KRAS signaling has proven difficult in the past, the quest for identifying newer agents has not stopped.

Structural binding interactions of tetrabromobisphenol A with sex steroid nuclear receptors and sex hormone-binding globulin.

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a widely used brominated flame retardant owing to its efficient fire-breaking property. However, leaching of TBBPA into the environment has been a global health concern due to the endocrine-disrupting activity (EDA) associated with TBBPA exposure. Limited studies are available on the hazardous effects of TBBPA on reproductive function.

Protective role of Roflumilast against cadmium-induced cardiotoxicity through inhibition of oxidative stress and NF-κB signaling in rats.

Cadmium (Cd), a potent cardiotoxic environmental heavy metal, induces oxidative stress and membrane disturbances in cardiac myocytes. Phosphodiesterase (PDEs) retards the positive inotropic effects of β-adrenoceptor activation by decreasing levels of cAMP via degradation. Hence, PDE inhibitors sensitize the heart to catecholamine and are therefore, used as positive inotropic agents.

-Sitosterol derived compound from onion husks non-polar fraction reduces quorum sensing controlled virulence and biofilm production.

Quorum sensing is an important regulatory factor of virulence induction such as BF, motility, formations of proteases, pyocyanin, and some toxins. The aim of the current study is to detect the effect of the pet.ether extract from onion husk and compound drive from it on quorum sensing and virulence formations of .

The Protective Effect of Naringenin on Oxaliplatin-Induced Genotoxicity in Mice.

Oxaliplatin is a third generation platinum based anti-cancer drug used against various human malignancies but displays genotoxic properties against normal cells. Naringenin is a naturally occurring bioflavonoid that possesses anti-oxidant properties and has protective effects against DNA damage. The aim of this study is to examine the protective effects of naringenin on oxaliplatin-induced DNA damage in mice.

Chemopreventive efficacy zingerone (4-[4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl] butan-2-one) in experimental colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Development of naturally occurring inexpensive and safe alternatives can be effective in suppressing colon related proliferations. Zingerone (4-[4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl] butan-2-one), a polyphenolic alkanone of ginger, has massive pharmacological properties and thus can be used as promising candidate against various ailments.

Structural characterization of potential endocrine disrupting activity of alternate plasticizers di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC) and 2,2,4-trimethyl 1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (TPIB) with human sex hormone-binding globulin.

Plasticizers are chemical compounds used to increase the softness and fluidity of polymer materials. Phthalate compounds constitute the most common class of compounds used as plasticizers. However, phthalate plasticizers, especially the predominant di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, have been shown to have adverse effects on environment and human health.

Naringenin prevents doxorubicin-induced toxicity in kidney tissues by regulating the oxidative and inflammatory insult in Wistar rats.

This study is undertaken to investigate the effects of naringenin on doxorubicin- (Dox) induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats. Dox 10 mg/kg body weight was administered intraperitoneally once and naringenin 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight was administered orally daily for 21 d. Dox-induced oxidative stress lead to steep elevation in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), compared to control, treatment with naringenin preserved kidney functions.