Model for partitioning the non-phytoplankton absorption coefficient of seawater in the ultraviolet and visible spectral range into the contributions of non-algal particulate and dissolved organic matter.

Non-algal particles and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) are two major classes of seawater constituents that contribute substantially to light absorption in the ocean within the ultraviolet (UV) and visible (VIS) spectral regions. The similarities in the spectral shape of these two constituent absorption coefficients, () and (), respectively, have led to their common estimation as a single combined non-phytoplankton absorption coefficient, (), in optical remote-sensing applications. Given the different biogeochemical and ecological roles of non-algal particles and CDOM in the ocean, it is important to determine and characterize the absorption coefficient of each of these constituents separately.

Estimation of chromophoric dissolved organic matter and non-algal particulate absorption coefficients of seawater in the ultraviolet by extrapolation from the visible spectral region.

Extending the capabilities of optical remote sensing and inverse optical algorithms, which have been commonly focused on the visible (VIS) range of the electromagnetic spectrum, to derive the optical properties of seawater in the ultraviolet (UV) range is important to advancing the understanding of various optical, biological, and photochemical processes in the ocean. In particular, existing remote-sensing reflectance models that derive the total spectral absorption coefficient of seawater, a(λ), and absorption partitioning models that partition a(λ) into the component absorption coefficients of phytoplankton, a(λ), non-algal (depigmented) particles, a(λ), and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), a(λ), are restricted to the VIS range. We assembled a quality-controlled development dataset of hyperspectral measurements of a(λ) (N = 1294) and a(λ) (N = 409) spanning a wide range of values across various ocean basins, and evaluated several extrapolation methods to extend a(λ), a(λ), and a(λ) ≡ a(λ) + a(λ) into the near-UV spectral region by examining different sections of the VIS as a basis for extrapolation, different extrapolation functions, and different spectral sampling intervals of input data in the VIS.

Galveston Bay and Coastal Ocean Optical-Geochemical Response to Hurricane Harvey From VIIRS Ocean Color.

Dissolved and particulate organic carbon, suspended particulate matter concentrations, and their optical proxies colored dissolved organic matter absorption and backscattering coefficients were studied in Galveston Bay, Texas, following the extreme flooding of Houston and surrounding areas due to Hurricane Harvey (25-29 August 2017) using field and ocean color observations. A three-step empirical-semianalytic algorithm for determination of colored dissolved organic matter absorption and backscattering coefficients revealed the dynamics of dissolved organic carbon and particle distribution from Visible and Infrared Imaging Radiometric Suite ocean color. Environmental drivers, especially floodwater discharge and winds, strongly influenced the spatiotemporal distribution of dissolved/particulate material in the bay and shelf waters following the hurricane passage.