Efficacy and safety of add-on mirogabalin to conventional therapy for the treatment of peripheral neuropathic pain after thoracic surgery: the multicenter, randomized, open-label ADMIT-NeP study.

Background: For chronic pain after thoracic surgery, optimal timing of its diagnosis and effective treatment remains unresolved, although several treatment options are currently available. We examined the efficacy and safety of mirogabalin, in combination with conventional pain therapy (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and/or acetaminophen), for treating peripheral neuropathic pain (NeP) after thoracic surgery.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study, patients with peripheral NeP were randomly assigned 1:1 to mirogabalin as add-on to conventional therapy or conventional treatment alone.

Randomized phase II study of daily versus alternate-day administrations of S-1 for the elderly patients with completely resected pathological stage IA (tumor diameter > 2 cm)-IIIA of non-small cell lung cancer: Setouchi Lung Cancer Group Study 1201.

Background: It is shown that the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was associated with survival benefit in an elderly population. We aimed to analyze the feasibility and efficacy of alternate-day S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine, for adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with completely resected pathological stage IA (tumor diameter > 2 cm) to IIIA (UICC TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours, 7th edition) NSCLC.

Methods: Elderly patients were randomly assigned to receive adjuvant chemotherapy for one year consisting of either alternate-day oral administration of S-1 (80 mg/m2/day) for 4 days a week (Arm A) or a daily oral administration of S-1 (80 mg/m2/day) for 14 consecutive days followed by 7-day rest (Arm B).

Resolving species-level diversity of Beringiana and Sinanodonta mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the Japanese archipelago using genome-wide data.

Accurate species identification is of primary importance in ecology and evolutionary biology. For a long time, the unionid mussels Beringiana and Sinanodonta have puzzled researchers trying to unravel their diversity because of their poorly discernible morphologies. A recent study conducted species delineation of unionid mussels based on mitochondrial DNA variation, opening up a new avenue to grasp species diversity of the mussels.

Uncovering overlooked diversity using molecular phylogenetic approach: A case of Japanese sphaeriid clams (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae).

Revealing the species and lineage diversity of a taxon is important for many biological studies of wildlife. In recent decades, DNA-based approaches have been widely utilised to elucidate the diversity of taxa, especially those that are difficult to distinguish based on morphological traits. This study focused on freshwater clams (Sphaeriidae) in Japan, a biodiversity hotspot of freshwater molluscs.

Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from the rising sun (Far East Asia): phylogeny, systematics, and distribution.

Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) is a diverse family with around 700 species being widespread in the Northern Hemisphere and Africa. These animals fulfill key ecological functions and provide important services to humans. Unfortunately, populations have declined dramatically over the last century, rendering Unionidae one of the world's most imperiled taxonomic groups.

Cephalic Vein Cut-down for Totally Implantable Central Venous Access Devices With Preoperative Ultrasonography by Surgical Residents.

Background/aim: Cephalic vein (CV) cut-down for totally implantable central venous access devices (TICVADs) is not frequently used due to its low success rate. We compared the outcomes of CV cut-down using preoperative ultrasonography (US) performed by experienced surgeons versus surgical residents.

Patients And Methods: From December 2015 to December 2017, 10 surgeons implanted 212 TICVADs using CV cut-down with preoperative US.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy using cisplatin and S-1, followed by surgery for stage II/IIIA non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Because chemoradiotherapy using cisplatin and S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine, is effective for unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), an induction setting was used in a multicenter phase II study (Clinical trial number: UMIN000008205). The correlations of relapse and clinicopathological factors were analyzed.

Methods: We defined locally advanced NSCLC as pathologically proven chest wall invasion or hilar and/or mediastinal lymph node metastases by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration.

Prognostic Impact of the ABCC11/MRP8 Polymorphism in Adjuvant Oral Chemotherapy with S-1 for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Postoperative 1-year administration of S-1, an oral derivative of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), was shown to be feasible in lung cancer. The 5-year survival rates of postoperative patients treated with S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy and the prognostic impact of clinicopathological factors were examined.

Methods: The data of 50 patients with curatively resected pathological stage IB to IIIA non-small cell lung cancer, who were treated with S-1 postoperatively, were analyzed.

[Thymic sarcomatoid carcinoma; report of a case].

The case was a 35-year-old male patient. Upon visiting a local doctor with complaints of cough and pain in the left chest, he was diagnosed as having an anterior mediastinal tumor. A large tumor of 15 cm in size was found by computed tomography( CT) scanning at the anterior mediastinum extending to the left thoracic cavity.

Thoracoscopic surgery for lung emphysema using an infrared camera.

Localized emphysema is difficult to detect on normal thoracoscopy. Indocyanine green (ICG) was used to precisely delineate an emphysematous lesion using an infrared camera system in a 75-year-old woman with a large emphysematous lesion in the right lower lobe. Due to repeated infections of the emphysematous lesion, right basal segmentectomy for localized lung emphysema was performed.

Anterior chest wall reconstruction with titanium plate sandwiched between two polypropylene sheets.

Extensive sternal resection carries the risk of difficult reconstruction and surgical complications. A 79-year-old woman underwent sternal resection and reconstruction for sternal chondrosarcoma. However, 18 months after the first operation, she developed six metastatic tumors on the anterior chest wall.

[A case of cardiac tamponade induced by gastric cancer responding to S-1].

A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for gastric cancer. He had dyspnea before admission. Chest CT scan showed massive pericardial and pleural effusion.

Broncholithiasis managed by surgical resection.

Broncholithiasis is frequently associated with hemoptysis and infection. The most common cause of the disease is the presence of calcified material in a bronchus or in a cavity communicating with a bronchus. We present two cases of broncholithiasis treated by surgery.