Purpose: The frequency of detection of HBV co-infection with multiple HBV genotypes is influenced by the detection method; usually co-infections are detected by multiplex PCR or hybridization assays, and are rarely confirmed by sequencing and conventional cloning. The objective of this study was to confirm by ultra-deep pyrosequencing (UDPS) mixed HBV infections, previously detected by multiplex-nested PCR.
Methods: Sixteen samples from HBV co-infected Sudanese patients detected by multiplex-nested PCR, were amplified targeting the P/S region and sequenced by UDPS.
Purpose: Since 1980s, human enterovirus-71 virus (HEV-71) is one of the common infectious disease in Asian Pacific region since late 1970s without effective commercial antiviral or protective vaccine is unavailable yet. The work examines the role of vaccine adjuvant particle size and the route of administration on postvaccination antibody response towards HEV-71 vaccine adsorbed to calcium phosphate (CaP) adjuvant.
Materials And Methods: First, CaP nano-particles were compared to a commercial micro-size and vaccine alone.
Background: Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) can lead to a range of clinical illnesses.
Objectives: To examine hazards of hepatitis B virus associated with clinical departments and occupations; among health care workers in Public Teaching Hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan.
Methods: The study was a cross sectional, facility-based study.
Background: HBV is second to tobacco as a known human carcinogen and the 10th leading cause of death worldwide.
Objectives: To examine the socio-demographic characteristics of health care workers and hepatitis B virus in Public Teaching Hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan, in 2004.
Methods: It was an observational, cross sectional, facility-based study.