Dynamic behavior of metal nanoparticles in MOF materials: analysis with electron microscopy and deep learning.

Electron microscopy is a key characterization technique for nanoscale systems, and electron microscopy images are typically recorded and analyzed in terms of the morphology of the objects under study in static mode. The emerging current trend is to analyze the dynamic behavior at the nanoscale observed during electron microscopy measurements. In this work, the study of the stability of MOF structures with different compositions and topologies under conditions of an electron microscope experiment revealed an unusual dynamic behavior of M NPs formed due to the electron-beam-induced transformation of specific frameworks.

Synthesis and the Crystal Structure of a New Chiral 1D Metal-Organic Coordination Polymer Based on L-Prolineamide-Substituted Diarylacetylenedicarboxylic Acid Derivative.

The new homochiral 1D metal-organic coordination polymer [ was synthesized starting from the original 3,3'-ethyne-1,2-diylbis[6-(L-prolylamino)benzoic acid] (HEDPB). The unique crystal structure of the new compound was established by powder X-ray diffraction. The [ system shows catalytic activity and enantioselectivity in a Henry reaction of -nitrobenzaldehyde with nitromethane.

Bimetal-organic framework-derived nanotube@cellulose aerogels for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their derived powder catalysts are prone to agglomerate and difficult to recycle in water, thus resulting in their low utilization and secondary pollution in water treatment. Herein, a composite aerogel (CoFe0.8@NCNT@CA) loaded with bimetallic MOF-derived carbon nanotubes on cellulose aerogel was developed for activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade tetracycline (TC).

Understanding the Working Mechanism of the Novel HKUST-1@BPS Composite Materials as Stationary Phases for Liquid Chromatography.

Composite materials have been used based on coordination polymers or microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) combined with mesoporous matrices for adsorption-related techniques, which enable outflanking some adverse phenomena manifested during pristine components operation and enhance the performance and selectivity of the resulting materials. In this work, for the first time, the novel HKUST-1@BPS composites synthesized by the microwave-assisted (MW) technique starting from microporous HKUST-1 (Cu(btc)) MOF and biporous silica matrix (BPS) with bimodal mesopore size distribution were comparatively studied as materials for liquid-phase adsorption techniques utilizing the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and benzene as a model adsorbate. It was established that the studied HKUST-1@BPS composites can function as stationary phases for HPLC, unlike the pristine HKUST-1 and bare BPS materials, due to the synergetic effect of both components based on the preliminary enhanced adsorbate mass transfer throughout the silica mesopores and, subsequently, its penetrating into HKUST-1 micropores.

Hydroamination of Phenylacetylene with Aniline over Gold Nanoparticles Embedded in the Boron Imidazolate Framework BIF-66 and Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ZIF-67.

The hydroamination of alkynes is an atom-economy process in the organic synthesis for the C-N bond formation, thereby allowing the production of fine chemicals and intermediates. However, direct interaction between alkynes and amines is complicated due to the electron enrichment of both compounds. Therefore, efficient hydroamination catalysts, especially heterogeneous ones, are in great demand.

Modern Carbon-Based Materials for Adsorptive Removal of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants from Water and Wastewater.

Currently, a serious threat for living organisms and human life in particular, is water contamination with persistent organic and inorganic pollutants. To date, several techniques have been adopted to remove/treat organics and toxic contaminants. Adsorption is one of the most effective and economical methods for this purpose.

Acute Toxicity of Cu-MOF Nanoparticles (nanoHKUST-1) towards Embryos and Adult Zebrafish.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) demonstrate unique properties, which are prospective for drug delivery, catalysis, and gas separation, but their biomedical applications might be limited due to their obscure interactions with the environment and humans. It is important to understand their toxic effect on nature before their wide practical application. In this study, HKUST-1 nanoparticles (Cu-nanoMOF, Cu(btc), btc = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate) were synthesized by the microwave (MW)-assisted ionothermal method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques.

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Characterization and Modeling of CPO-27-Mg Metal-Organic Framework for Drug Delivery.

The coordination polymer CPO-27-Mg was rapidly synthesized under microwave irradiation. This material exhibits a sufficiently high drug loading towards aspirin (~8% wt.) and paracetamol (~14% wt.

Impact of the Preparation Procedure on the Performance of the Microporous HKUST-1 Metal-Organic Framework in the Liquid-Phase Separation of Aromatic Compounds.

To date, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been recognized as promising solid phases in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This research aimed to elucidate the role of the physico-chemical characteristics of the microporous HKUST-1 metal-organic framework in its operation as a selective adsorbent in HPLC. For this, the HKUST-1 samples were prepared by microwave-assisted synthesis and a solvothermal procedure.

Adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in an aqueous medium on nanoscale MIL-53(Al) type materials.

A series of flexible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) belonging to the MIL-53 family, such as MIL-53(Al), its amino-functionalized analog NH2-MIL-53(Al), and MIL-53(Al) type materials with Al3+ ions and mixed benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate and 2-aminobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylate linkers (MixLR) in various proportions were prepared in a nanocrystalline form using MW-activation under atmospheric pressure according to the original solvothermal procedure. The MIL-53(Al) and NH2-MIL-53(Al) samples feature nanocrystals with sizes of 200-300 nm, while MixLR matrices synthesized in this manner are composed of small nanoparticles with sizes of about 20-30 nm. MIL-53(Al) type materials (MIL-53(Al), NH2-MIL-53(Al) and MixLR) were probed in the adsorption of a typical herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in an aqueous medium.

Optically active derivatives of terephthalic acid: four crystal structures from two powder patterns.

A novel important class of nanoporous crystalline solids, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), composed of organic ligands (linkers) and metal ions, is now considered as a platform for the development of various functional hybrid materials. In order to design new MOF-based asymmetric catalysts, two terephthalic acid derivatives, namely 2-{[1-(1-tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-prolyl]amino}terephthalic acid, CHNO, (1), and 2-(L-prolylamino)terephthalic acid, CHNO, (2), which could find potential applications as chiral linkers for the construction of enantioselective MOFs, were synthesized and their powder samples were measured at synchrotron station ID22 (ESRF). Each sample contained two unknown crystalline phases, so four new crystal structures were determined, namely, the 2.

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over MOF-supported cobalt catalysts (Co@MIL-53(Al)).

Novel nanohybrid materials were prepared by immobilizing Co nanoparticles on a microporous framework MIL-53(Al) as a porous host matrix. The synthesized cobalt-containing materials were characterized by XRD, STEM, and oxygen titration. The catalytic performance of Co@MIL-53(Al) nanohybrids was examined in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) for the first time.

[Effect of prolonged administration of low doses of essential oils on the immune response and sensitivity of mice to the action of ionizing radiation].

The effect of ionizing radiation (1 Gy) on the immunological characteristics of spleen in the mice that consumed essential oils of oregano, clove bud and the mixture of lemon oil with ginger extract at low doses with drinking water for 6 months was studied. It was found that the essential oils increased the content of antibody forming lymphocyte cells in the spleen. The maximal effect in comparison with control was found for essential oil of clove bud.

[Evidence for evolutionary changes in ontogeny: paleontological, comparative-morphological, and molecular aspects].

It has been noted that the integration of modern data of paleontology, comparative morphology, developmental biology, and molecular genetics forms the basis for understanding the mechanisms of evolutionary transformations of ontogeny. Paleontological and morphological evidence of the evolutionary changes in ontogeny are considered based on the data of cell and molecular biology and developmental genetics. It is shown that reorganizations of gene regulatory cascades (primarily Hox genes) play a key role in the evolution of the axial organization of animals and modifications of the limb structure of metazoans, whereas the emergence and development of new types of structures was apparently determined by the emergence of new populations of stem cells in embryogenesis (for example, neural crest cells in the evolution of vertebrates).

[Cells in the system of multicelular organisms from positions of non-linear dynamics].

The organism physiological systems forming a hierarchic network with mutual dependence and subordination can be considered as systems with non-linear dynamics including positive and negative feedbacks. In the course of evolution there occurred selection of robust, flexible, modular systems capable for adaptive self-organization by non-linear interaction of components, which leads to formation of the ordered in space and time robust and plastic organization of the whole. Cells of multicellular organisms are capable for coordinated "social" behavior with formation of ordered cell assemblies, which provides a possibility of morphological and functional variability correlating with manifestations of the large spectrum of adaptive reactions.

[Correlation relationships between rats' fronral cortex and erythrocytes lipid composition during immobilization stress].

The relationship between changes in phospholipids of red blood cells and frontal cortex during repeated 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 45 days of immobilization (for 2 hours a day) was studied on non-linear stress-resistant and stress-unstable white male rats. We suggested a regression equation that can be used for in vivo assessment of brain lipid composition under influence of the stress.

[Self-organization in biological systems].

Biological systems are considered that are capable of dynamic self-organization, i.e., spontaneous emergence of spatio-temporal order with the formation of various spatio-temporal patterns.

Topological singularities and symmetry breaking in development.

The review presents a topological interpretation of some morphogenetic events through the use of well-known mathematical concepts and theorems. Spatial organization of the biological fields is analyzable in topological terms. Topological singularities inevitably emerging in biological morphogenesis are retained and transformed during pattern formation.

[Effect of natural and postradiation volatile secretions of mice on the immune reactivity and blood cellularity of irradiated animals].

It has been shown that natural and postradiation volatile urinary secretions of mice can remotely restore the immune reactivity and blood indices reduced as a result of exposure of laboratory mice to ionizing radiation. Antibody formation in spleen of gamma-irradiated (1 Gy) CBA strain mice was increased after exposure of both syngeneic and allogeneic animals with urine volatile secretions. Volatile natural secretions of intact mice have a more pronounced antibody stimulating activity than volatile secretions from animals exposed to gamma-radiation.

[Effect of coenzyme Q10 and taurine on the availability of vitamins in the rat experiment].

It has been observed that coenzyme Q10 (100 mg per 1 kg body mass) and taurine (1% in drinking water) treatment of rats has differently directed effect on vitamin A and E level in liver and blood serum. Coenzyme Q10 consumption has been accompanied with a tendency to increasing or an increase of vitamin content, while taurine consumption lead to the reverse effect. Both coenzyme Q10 and taurine addition caused diene conjugates decrease in blood serum.

[Influence wheat bran on organism vitamin (experiment on rats)].

The inclusion of wheat bran (at a dose of 2,3 and 4,6% of the dry weight) in the semi-synthetic diet of rats under combined deficiency of vitamins (20 and 50% of the adequate level) did not have a significant effect on vitamins C, B1 and B2 liver levels, riboflavin blood plasma level, and thiamine and riboflavin urinary excretion. The consumption of bran in high dose has been accompanied by a decrease of retinol blood plasma level on 19-28% but it has no effect on liver retinol palmitate content. Bran intake in both doses resulted in a deterioration of rats sufficiency with vitamin E, which had been confirmed by a simultaneous significant decrease of blood plasma alpha-tocopherol concentration on 31-40%, and its liver level on 23-43%.

[The diversity of ontogeny in animals with asexual reproduction and plasticity of early development].

Diversity of blastogenesis and embryogenesis in animals with different reproductive strategy and different variants of the isolation of germ lineage cells, defined in the literature as preformation, epigenesis, and somatic embryogenesis, is discussed. In the course of somatic embryogenesis (or, more precisely, blastogenesis), the oozooid that has developed from the egg is naturally cloned and forms numerous genetically and morphologically identical clonal individuals or modular units of a colony. This cloning results in amplification of the parent genotype; the subsequent sexual reproduction provides for genetic recombination, and the emergence of a huge number of larvae with dispersal function provides for reproductive success.

Topological determination of early morphogenesis in Metazoa.

This paper presents a topological interpretation of some developmental events through the use of well-known concepts and theorems of combinatorial geometry. The organization of early embryo using a simulation of cleavage considering only blastomere contacts is examined. Each blastomere is modeled as a topological cell and whole embryo--as cell packing.

[The estimation of several dietary fibers possibility to absorb in vitro vitamins A, E, C, B1 and B2].

The estimation of several dietary fibers (lignins, wheat bran, microcrystalline cellulose) possibility to absorb vitamins from the solution containing simultaneously ten vitamins in vitro model (gastroenteric transit imitation) has been made. Fiber apparent capability to absorb retinol palmitate, alpha-tocopherol acetate, ascorbic acid, thiamine hydrochloride and riboflavin phosphate has been determined. It has been demonstrated that dietary fibers are able to decrease vitamins availability.