Motor alterations along the kinetic chain in amateur volleyball and handball athletes with shoulder pain: An observational comparative study.

Unlabelled: Overhead sports overload the shoulder complex due to movement repetition and the great amount of force created during the athletic motion, which may cause adaptations in the shoulder and lead to shoulder pain. However, overhead movements include the kinetic chain, and alterations in some of the structures throughout the kinetic chain may increase stress on the shoulder complex and be associated with shoulder pain.

Purpose: To compare kinetic chain components in overhead athletes with and without shoulder pain.

Correlation between upper limb function and clinical measures of shoulder and trunk mobility and strength in overhead athletes with shoulder pain.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between functional performance and self-reported upper limb function and between these two functional measures and clinical measures of shoulder and trunk in overhead athletes with shoulder pain.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Settings: Laboratory.