Psychological Interventions for Cannabis Use among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review.

Regular cannabis use during adolescence can lead to cognitive, psychological, and social consequences, causing significant distress. Although psychological interventions are the mainstay type of treatment for cannabis use disorder, the results remain mixed among youths. The objective of this review is twofold: to identify the existing psychological interventions for cannabis use among youths, and to assess the evidence regarding the effectiveness of those interventions.

Gambling and Aging: An Overview of a Risky Behavior.

Gambling is a field of study that has grown since the 2000s. Much research has focused on adolescents and youth as a vulnerable population. The rate of aging gamblers is increasing; however, evidence-based knowledge of this population is still too sparse.

Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study).

The structural addictive characteristics of gambling products are important targets for prevention, but can be unintuitive to laypeople. In the PictoGRRed (Pictograms for Gambling Risk Reduction) study, we aimed to develop pictograms that illustrate the main addictive characteristics of gambling products and to assess their impact on identifying the addictiveness of gambling products by laypeople. We conducted a three-step study: (1) use of a Delphi consensus method among 56 experts from 13 countries to reach a consensus on the 10 structural addictive characteristics of gambling products to be illustrated by pictograms and their associated definitions, (2) development of 10 pictograms and their definitions, and (3) study in the general population to assess the impact of exposure to the pictograms and their definitions (n = 900).

Guilt in alcohol use: A systematic review.

For decades, alcohol use disorder has been investigated in an attempt to understand its processes and implications. However, among all of the factors involved in alcohol use disorder, the role of guilt in alcohol use remains poorly explained, with many contradictory results. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to conduct a systematic analysis of the literature from 1990 to 2022 to review the studies investigating the link between guilt and alcohol consumption.

Co-occurrence of Adult ADHD Symptoms and Problematic Internet Use and Its Links With Impulsivity, Emotion Regulation, Anxiety, and Depression.

The co-occurrence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and problematic Internet use (PIU) is associated with increased severity of PIU and poorer treatment outcomes. The main objective of this study was to examine the association between PIU and adult ADHD symptoms and determine whether adult ADHD symptoms were a predictor of PIU in the general adult population. We also examined the potential mediating role of the dimensional psychopathological factors, including anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and emotion regulation, in this relationship.

Problem Gambling Poker Players: Do They Fit into Blaszczynski and Nower's Pathways Model?

Blaszczynski and Nower's (Addiction 97:487-499, 2002) Pathways Model, an integrative model based on problem gamblers' paths and comorbidities, aids in understanding the heterogeneity of problem gamblers' profiles by classifying them into three subgroups. The profiles of problem gamblers may be linked to the type of gambling practiced. Poker is a popular game, primarily due to the involvement of both chance and strategy in its outcome.

Repetitive negative thinking, metacognitive beliefs, and their interaction as possible predictors for problematic cannabis use.

The metacognitive formulation of addictive behaviours considers repetitive negative thinking (RNT) and metacognitive beliefs as two important processes involved in the development and maintenance of addictive behaviours. To date, very limited research has investigated the implication of these processes in problematic cannabis use. The present study was aimed at exploring the association between RNT, metacognitive beliefs, and cannabis use in a sample of 157 problematic cannabis users.

The role of gambling type on gambling motives, cognitive distortions, and gambling severity in gamblers recruited online.

The recent literature shows that the type of gambling practiced influences problem gambling. This study was aimed at investigating the factors associated with gambling type, including gambling severity, gambling motives, and cognitive distortions. A total of 291 regular male gamblers (229 skill gamblers and 62 mixed gamblers, i.

Toward a better understanding of the influence of repetitive negative thinking in alcohol use disorder: An examination of moderation effect of metacognitive beliefs and gender.

Repetitive negative thinking (RNT), the most studied forms of which are depressive ruminations and anxious worry, is a unique transdiagnostic process responsible for the development and maintenance of many mental disorders. Over the past decade, studies have shown that RNT could be involved in the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, to date, little is known about the factors that can influence this relationship, even though some theoretical and empirical arguments suggest that variables such as gender or metacognitive beliefs may determine the role of RNT in the onset of symptoms.

Anxiety and depression in alcohol use disorder individuals: the role of personality and coping strategies.

Anxiety and depression favor the maintenance and relapse of alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Some five factor model personality dimensions (e.g.

Metacognitive beliefs in addictive behaviours: A systematic review.

A wide research base has shown the link between metacognitive beliefs and psychopathology and there is currently evidence that elevated levels of maladaptive metacognitive beliefs are present in the majority of psychological disorders. An increasing body of evidence also suggests that metacognitive beliefs may play a role in alcohol use, nicotine use, gambling, online gaming and problematic internet use. This article provides a systematic review of empirical studies that have examined metacognitive beliefs and addictive behaviours.

Gambling Motives: Do They Explain Cognitive Distortions in Male Poker Gamblers?

Gambling behavior is partly the result of varied motivations leading individuals to participate in gambling activities. Specific motivational profiles are found in gamblers, and gambling motives are closely linked to the development of cognitive distortions. This cross-sectional study aimed to predict cognitive distortions from gambling motives in poker players.

Satisfaction and difficulties of French professional home caregivers in supporting older people with Alzheimer's disease or alcohol misuse.

In France, few studies have examined home care when it comes to ageing support and even fewer have considered alcohol misuse in this context. The studies also show that being old and having alcohol use disorders are two unfavourable conditions for receiving help, whereas for the Alzheimer's disease, there is a clear need for optimal care. In this article, we study professional home caregiver's perceptions of their job along with their difficulties and satisfactions in supporting older people with Alzheimer's disease or alcohol misuse.

Relationship between pathological gambling, alexithymia, and gambling type.

Background And Objectives: The aim of this study is to see if: (i) alexithymia is associated with PG and with the severity of gambling behavior; (ii) alexithymia is associated with strategic and non-strategic gambling.

Methods: Two hundred and twenty-six gamblers were recruited in different gambling locations. First, pathological gamblers (PGs) (n = 106) were compared to non-pathological gamblers (NPGs) (n = 120).

Sensation seeking in a community sample of French gamblers: Comparison between strategic and non-strategic gamblers.

The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between sensation seeking and gambling disorder (GD) in a community sample of gamblers (when controlling for the effect of substance use, gender and age) and see whether sensation seeking scores depend on the gambling activity when comparing strategic and non-strategic gamblers. A total of 380 gamblers was recruited. First, pathological gamblers (PGs) (n =143) were compared to non-pathological gamblers (NPGs) (n =237).

Online and live regular poker players: Do they differ in impulsive sensation seeking and gambling practice?

Background and aims Online gambling appears to have special features, such as anonymity, speed of play and permanent availability, which may contribute to the facilitation and increase in gambling practice, potentially leading to problem gambling. The aims of this study were to assess sociodemographic characteristics, gambling practice and impulsive sensation seeking among a population of regular poker players with different levels of gambling intensity and to compare online and live players. Methods 245 regular poker players (180 online players and 65 live players) completed online self-report scales assessing sociodemographic data, pathological gambling (SOGS), gambling practice (poker questionnaire) and impulsive sensation seeking (ImpSS).

Caregivers' representations of elders who drink too much alcohol: crossroads between professional home caregivers and hospitals nurses.

Being old or having alcohol use disorders are two unfavorable conditions for receiving help or optimal care. When these two conditions are associated, professionals are even less attracted to work with old alcoholics. To address this issue, from the professionnals perspective, two studies based on research interviews were crossed, one was conducted with 17 professional home caregivers and the other with 29 hospital nurses.

Personality and Defense Styles: Clinical Specificities and Predictive Factors of Alcohol Use Disorder in Women.

This study investigated personality traits and defense styles in order to determine clinical specificities and predictive factors of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in women. A female sample, composed of AUD outpatients (n = 48) and a control group (n = 50), completed a sociodemographic self-report and questionnaires assessing personality traits (BFI), defense mechanisms and defense styles (DSQ-40). Comparative and correlational analyses, as well as univariate and multivariate logistic regressions, were performed.

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In France, few studies have investigated the experience of home caregivers with elderly people suffering from Alzheimer's disease or alcoholic behavior. The aim of this study was to describe caregivers' understanding of these disorders to identify their difficulties and satisfactions in relation to their role. Seventeen social care workers were interviewed and the content was analysed using a general inductive approach.

[Psychological effects of alcohol misuse on the professional home caregivers in support with elderly people].

Very little research is made on professional home caregivers in support of seniors, especially those dealing with alcohol misuse. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between professional home caregivers and seniors with alcohol misuse, in terms of job satisfaction, professional life and emotional exhaustion. 99 professional home caregivers completed a professional data questionnaire (ESVP) and an inventory of professional burnout (MBI).

The impact of alexithymia on pathological gamblers' decision making: a preliminary study of gamblers recruited in "sportsbook" casinos.

Objective: We investigated whether alexithymia is at the root of the decision-making deficit classically reported in pathological gamblers.

Background: Alexithymia has been shown to be a recurrent personality trait of pathological gamblers and to impair the decision-making abilities of nonpathological gamblers, but no previous studies have investigated whether alexithymia significantly affects pathological gamblers' decision making. Although investigations of pathological gamblers typically have studied those seeking treatment, most pathological gamblers do not seek treatment.

[Home aides and families faced with alcoholic behavior in elderly people].

Alcoholic behaviour in elderly people living at home leads to the establishment of a singular relationship between the family and the home helpers. The professionals have a special role within the family system but one which at the same time is, paradoxically, limited. The intervention of a third party, in the framework of an alcoholism support network, can help to avoid the breakdown of the care within the home as a result of the mental exhaustion of the various players, as well as the occurrence of conflicts within the family circle in the home.

Self-esteem, psychological distress, and coping styles in pregnant smokers and non-smokers.

The literature underscores that psychological factors could play an important role in smoking behavior, which is considered a coping mechanism. To study relations among measures of self-esteem, psychological distress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and coping styles in pregnant smokers, a cross-sectional study was conducted. These factors were assessed in two groups of pregnant women (Smokers, n = 40; Non-smokers, n = 40) contacted at one University Hospital in Paris.