Synthesis of Metallic Nanostructures Using Ionizing Radiation and Their Applications.

This paper reviews the radiation-induced synthesis of metallic nanostructures and their applications. Radiolysis is a powerful method for synthesizing metallic nanoparticles in solution and heterogeneous media, and it is a clean alternative to other existing physical, chemical, and physicochemical methods. By varying parameters such as the absorbed dose, dose rate, concentrations of metallic precursors, and nature of stabilizing agents, it is possible to control the size, shape, and morphology (alloy, core-shell, etc.

Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles Obtained via Radiolysis: Synthesis Optimization and Antibacterial Properties.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties are gaining increasing interest in fighting multidrug-resistant bacteria. Herein, we describe the synthesis of AgNPs, stabilized by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), with high purity and homogeneous sizes, using radiolysis. Solvated electrons and reducing radicals are induced from solvent radiolysis and no other chemical reducing agents are needed to reduce the metal ions.

A mathematical approach to deal with nanoparticle polydispersity in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy to quantify antineoplastic agents.

Antineoplastic agents are, for most of them, highly toxic drugs prepared at hospital following individualized prescription. To protect patients and healthcare workers, it is important to develop analytical tools able to identify and quantify such drugs on a wide concentration range. In this context, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been tested as a specific and sensitive technique.

Gold(i)-silver(i)-calix[8]arene complexes, precursors of bimetallic alloyed Au-Ag nanoparticles.

In this paper, we report the first synthesis and characterisations of bimetallic gold(i)-silver(i) calix[8]arene complexes. We show that the radiolytic reduction of these complexes leads to the formation of small bimetallic nanoparticles with an alloyed structure, as evidenced by XPS, HR-TEM and STEM/HAADF-EDX measurements.

Hexacyano Ferrate (III) Reduction by Electron Transfer Induced by Plasmonic Catalysis on Gold Nanoparticles.

Redox reactions are of great importance in environmental catalysis. Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) have attracted much attention because of their catalytic activity and their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). In the present study, we investigated, in detail, the reduction of ferricyanide (III) ion into a ferrocyanide (II) ion catalyzed by spherical gold nanoparticles of two different sizes, 15 nm and 30 nm, and excited at their LSPR band.

Oxidation of bromide ions by hydroxyl radicals: spectral characterization of the intermediate BrOH•-.

The reaction of (•)OH with Br(-) has been reinvestigated by picosecond pulse radiolysis combined with streak camera absorption detection and the obtained spectro-kinetics data have been globally analyzed using Bayesian data analysis. For the first time, the absorption spectrum of the intermediate species BrOH(•-) has been determined. This species absorbs in the same spectral domain as Br(2)(•-): the band maximum is roughly at the same wavelength (λ(max) = 352 nm instead of 354 nm) but the extinction coefficient is smaller (ε(max) = 7800 ± 400 dm(3) mol(-1) cm(-1) compared with 9600 ± 300 dm(3) mol(-1) cm(-1)) and the band is broader (88 nm versus 76 nm).

Synthesis, electrochemical and photophysical properties of covalently linked porphyrin-polyoxometalates.

Two covalently linked porphyrin-polyoxometalate hybrids have been prepared: an Anderson-type hexamolybdate [N(C(4)H(9))(4)](3)[MnMo(6)O(18){(OCH(2))(3)CNHCO(ZnTPP)}(2)] with two pendant zinc(II)-tetraphenylporphyrins, and a Dawson-type vanadotungstate [N(C(4)H(9))(4)](5)H[P(2)V(3)W(15)O(59){(OCH(2))(3)CNHCO(ZnTPP)}] with one porphyrin. Electrochemical studies show independent redox processes for the organic and inorganic parts at usual potentials. Photophysical studies reveal an electron transfer from the excited porphyrin to the Dawson polyoxometalate, but not to the Anderson polyoxometalate.

Pulse radiolysis studies on the temperature-dependent spectrum and the time-dependent yield of solvated electron in propane-1,2,3-triol.

With a revisit of the absorption coefficient of the solvated electron in propane-1,2,3-triol, the temperature-dependent behavior of the absorption spectrum of solvated electron was studied from room temperature to 573 K by pulse radiolysis techniques. The change in the absorption spectrum of solvated electron in propane-1,2,3-triol observed by cooling down from a high temperature to 333 K is compared with that occurring during the electron solvation process at 333 K. The effect of the specific molecular structure of propane-1,2,3-triol compared to other alcohols is discussed.

Temperature effect on the absorption spectrum of the hydrated electron paired with a lithium cation in deuterated water.

The absorption spectra of the hydrated electron in 1.0 to 4.0 M LiCl or LiClO4 deuterated water solutions were measured by pulse radiolysis techniques from room temperature to 300 degrees C at a constant pressure of 25 MPa.

Time-dependent radiolytic yields of the solvated electrons in 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, and 1,3-propanediol from picosecond to microsecond.

The absorption spectra of the solvated electron in 1,2-ethanediol (12ED), 1,2-propanediol (12PD), and 1,3-propanediol (13PD) have been determined by nanosecond pulse radiolysis techniques. The maximum of the absorption band located at 570, 565, and 575 nm for these three solvents, respectively. With 4,4'-bipyridine (44Bpy) as a scavenger, the molar extinction coefficients at the absorption maximum of the solvated electron spectrum have been evaluated to be 900, 970, and 1000 mol-1 m2 for 12ED, 12PD, and 13PD, respectively.