Quantitative Evaluation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values, ISUP Grades and Prostate-Specific Antigen Density Values of Potentially Malignant PI-RADS Lesions.

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the correlation between ADC values and the ADC/PSAD ratio for potentially malignant prostate lesions classified into ISUP grades and to determine threshold values to differentiate benign lesions (noPCa), clinically insignificant (nsPCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). We enrolled a total of 403 patients with 468 prostate lesions, of which 46 patients with 50 lesions were excluded for different reasons. Therefore, 357 patients with a total of 418 prostate lesions remained for the final evaluation.

Prostate Cancer Detection with mpMRI According to PI-RADS v2 Compared with Systematic MRI/TRUS-Fusion Biopsy: A Prospective Study.

Background: mpMRI assesses prostate lesions through their PI-RADS score. The primary goal of this prospective study was to demonstrate the correlation of PI-RADS v2 score and the volume of a lesion with the presence and clinical significance of prostate cancer (PCa). The secondary goal was to determine the extent of additionally PCa in inconspicuous areas.

Ampicillin Treatment of Intracellular Triggers Formation of Persistent, Drug-Resistant L-Form Cells.

is an opportunistic intracellular pathogen causing an infection termed listeriosis. Despite the low incidence of listeriosis, the high mortality rate in individuals at risk makes this bacterium one of the most dangerous foodborne pathogens. Reports about a relapse of infection after antibiotic treatment suggest that the bacteria may be able to evade antibiotic treatment and persist as a dormant, antibiotic-tolerant subpopulation.

Severe Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Presenting as Bilateral Testicular Tumors and Azoospermia in the Third Decade of Life.

Classic forms of 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) are usually diagnosed at birth by salt wasting or precocious puberty in male patients. Here we report the case of a 32-year-old male patient who presented with azoospermia and bilateral testicular tumors. He was referred to our endocrine unit after testicular surgery.

Influence of acetylsalicylic acid and low-molecular weight heparins on the formation of renal hematoma after shock wave lithotripsy.

Purpose: To investigate the risk of renal hematoma (RHT) after shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) among patients on acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH).

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 434 patients treated with SWL for nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis of the proximal ureter. Primary endpoint was detection of RHT by ultrasound the day after SWL.

Modeling therapeutic response to radioiodine in metastatic thyroid cancer: a proof-of-concept study for individualized medicine.

Purpose: Radioiodine therapy (RAI) has traditionally been used as treatment for metastatic thyroid cancer, based on its ability to concentrate iodine. Propositions to maximize tumor response with minimizing toxicity, must recognize the infinite possibilities of empirical tests. Therefore, an approach of this study was to build a mathematical model describing tumor growth with the kinetics of thyroglobulin (Tg) concentrations over time, following RAI for metastatic thyroid cancer.

BK virus associated pronounced hemorrhagic cystoureteritis after bone marrow transplantation.

Ureteral stenosis due to reactivation of the BK virus (BKV) in a state of immunodeficiency is very rare. More common is the appearance of a hemorrhagic cystitis. This report not only shows bilateral ureteral stenosis after bone marrow transplantation, but also presents severe complications as chronic pelvic pain and impaired kidney function as well as irreparable damage to the whole urinary tract leading to nephroureterectomy, subtrigonal cystectomy and orthotopic ileal neobladder.

[Urinary incontinence - what can be done by the family doctor and when is the urologist needed?].

About 15% of the women and 10% of the men past the age of 65 years suffer from urinary incontinence. In most cases, accurate history taking can help differentiate between urge incontinence, stress incontinence and overflow incontinence, and is essential in choosing the appropriate treatment. Initial diagnostic testing can be conducted by the general practitioner, especially tests to exclude urinary tract infections or to rule out an overactive bladder.

Increased serum thyroglobulin levels and negative imaging in thyroid cancer patients: are there sources of benign secretion? A speculative short review.

After thyroidectomy and 131I ablation for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), serum thyroglobulin (Tg) became a sensitive marker of residual disease. It is not uncommon to find patients at follow-up with persistent serum Tg levels and no other clinical or imaging evidence for the disease. The vast majority of these patients, most probably, have occult foci of disease, often in minute cervical lymph nodes.

Parathyroid scintigraphy findings in chronic kidney disease patients with recurrent hyperparathyroidism.

Background: Parathyroidectomy (PTX), either subtotal or total with forearm autografting, is a well-established treatment for refractory renal hyperparathyroidism (RHPT). However, 20-30% of patients develop persistent or recurrent disease. Obtaining accurate localization before reoperation is difficult.

Scintigraphic visualization of glossal thyroid tissue during the follow-up of thyroid cancer patients.

Purpose: Nests of thyroid tissue in the tongue are described in about 10% of necropsies. This ectopic thyroid tissue usually lies dormant, but may manifest itself during times of increased stimulation. The aim of our study was to assess the frequency of lingual thyroid visualization on I-131 diagnostic whole-body scan during the follow-up of thyroid cancer patients.

Bone metastases of differentiated thyroid cancer: impact of early 131I-based detection on outcome.

Bone is the second most frequent target of distant metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, and such forms carry a very poor prognosis. The impact of (131)I therapy in this setting is controversial. We describe the diagnostic circumstances and outcome of patients with bone metastases recently managed in two institutions.

Stimulation test in the follow-up of thyroid cancer: plasma rhTSH levels are dependent on body weight, not endogenously stimulated TSH values.

Background: Stimulation testing in the first year following thyroid ablation has important prognostic value in thyroid cancer patients. Recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) is better tolerated than thyroid hormone withdrawal but provides only transient stimulation so that the TSH threshold of 30 mIU x l(-1) which defines adequate testing during thyroid hormone withdrawal is not appropriate for rhTSH stimulation. We looked at rhTSH levels after a standard two intramuscular injections of 0.

Should 'low-risk' thyroid cancer patients with residual thyroglobulin be re-treated with iodine 131?

Objective: The American consensus statement on patients with low-risk thyroid cancer, published in 2003, suggests repeat (131)I therapy if the thyroglobulin value is elevated at first follow-up. We evaluated this strategy in our practice.

Methods: Among 407 patients with thyroid cancer who had total thyroidectomy and (131)I ablation between January 2000 and December 2003, 12 patients with stage I thyroid cancer (any tumour (T), any node (N), metastasis (M)0 if < 45 years or T1, N0, M0 if > 45 years), were re-treated on the basis of their thyroglobulin level at first follow-up.

Which thyroid cancer patients need periodic stimulation tests?

Purpose: Recurrences are frequent in thyroid cancer patients and long-term follow-up is therefore necessary. We evaluated the yield of rhTSH stimulation in three groups of patients, classified according to the UICC/TNM risk stratification and the results of first follow-up testing.

Methods: The study population comprised 129 patients referred for rhTSH testing.