Neuraxial morphine induced pruritus in two cats and treatment with sub anaesthetic doses of propofol.

History: Two cats were presented for orthopaedic surgery.

Physical Examination: With the exception of the orthopaedic injuries found, clinical examination showed no abnormality.

Management: As part of anaesthetic management, one cat received intrathecal morphine, the other epidural morphine.

A clinical comparison between a non-invasive blood pressure monitor using high definition oscillometry (Memodiagnostic MD 15/90 Pro) and invasive arterial blood pressure measurement in anaesthetized dogs.

Objective: To compare high definition oscillometry (HDO) to invasive blood pressure measurement in anaesthetized dogs.

Study Design: Prospective, clinical trial.

Animals: Fifty dogs weighing 1.

Severe pruritus and myoclonus following intrathecal morphine administration in a dog.

During epidural needle placement in a 32-kg dog the subarachnoid space was punctured and half the intended dose of lidocaine, bupivacaine, and morphine was injected. After recovery from anesthesia the dog showed signs of severe pruritus of the tail base and limbs and myoclonus of the tail and hind limbs. Methadone, acepromazine, ketamine, buprenorphine, and butorphanol were administered to control myoclonus and pruritus, but were unsuccessful.

Long-term use of gabapentin for musculoskeletal disease and trauma in three cats.

Gabapentin has been widely used in human medicine to control acute and chronic pain. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be determined, its use in veterinary medicine is increasing. The clinical use of gabapentin for analgesia in cats has been reported in review articles and one case report.

Use of a laryngeal mask airway in a brachycephalic dog with masticatory myositis and trismus.

An 8-month old, male, neutered bulldog was presented for investigation of a 2-day history of trismus. Endotracheal intubation was impossible as the dog was only able to open his mouth approximately 2 cm. A laryngeal mask airway was blindly inserted after induction of general anesthesia to maintain the patient on inhalational anesthesia and improve respiration for computed tomography and muscle biopsy.

Evaluation of variables to describe the shape of volumetric capnography curves during bronchoconstriction in dogs.

The aim of the study was to investigate changes in volumetric capnography (V(C)) variables during bronchoconstriction in dogs and compare it with total respiratory resistance (R(L)) measured with a Fleisch pneumotachograph. Six dogs were challenged with increasing concentrations of carbachol until obvious signs of bronchoconstriction were seen. All V(C) parameters were obtained before, directly after, 10 and 20 min after maximal bronchoconstriction.

The use of an acoustic device to identify the extradural space in standing horses.

Objective: To determine the usefulness of an acoustic device to confirm correct placement of extradural needles in horses.

Study Design: Prospective experimental study.

Animals: Twelve adult healthy horses weighing between 434 and 640 kg.

Measurement of the puncture profile and extradural pressure of cattle during extradural anaesthesia.

Objective: To measure the pressure profile during caudal extradural puncture and subsequent extradural anaesthesia in cattle and to investigate the presence of extradural pressure waves.

Study Design: Prospective experimental study.

Animals: Eleven cattle aged 4.

Evaluation of extradural pressure waves and the 'lack of resistance' test to confirm extradural needle placement in dogs.

This study aimed to evaluate the use of extradural pressure (EDP) waves to confirm extradural needle placement in clinical practice. Lumbosacral extradural anaesthesia was performed in 98 dogs, of which 85 were included for statistical analysis. The extradural space was identified using conventional methods and, after testing lack of resistance to injection of saline, a pressure transducer was connected to the needle.

The extradural pressure profile in goats following extradural injection.

Objective: To measure the extradural pressures in goats before and after extradural injection, and to investigate the occurrence of extradural pressure waves.

Study Design: Prospective experimental trial.

Animals: Nine healthy adult goats weighing 59.

Use of endoscopy for examination of the sacral epidural space in standing cattle.

Objective: To develop an epiduroscopic technique for use in standing cattle and describe the endoscopically visible anatomic structures of the epidural space in the sacrococcygeal area.

Animals: 6 healthy nonlactating, nonpregnant cows (mean +/- SD age, 60 +/- 18.5 months; mean weight, 599.

Pressure profile in the caudal extradural space of standing horses before and after extradural drug administration.

The objectives of this study were to measure the pressure in the caudal extradural space of standing horses and to evaluate the usefulness of pressure waves to identify correct needle placement. Caudal extradural pressure was measured in 12 healthy horses. The pressure and any extradural pressure waves were recorded for 3min after puncture, for 1min after testing for lack of resistance (LOR), and for 10min after lidocaine injection.

Endoscopic removal of a bronchial carcinoma in a dog using one-lung ventilation.

Objective: To describe anesthetic management of endoscopic electrosurgical removal of a bronchial carcinoma, partially blocking the right main stem bronchus in a Cocker Spaniel.

Study Design: Clinical case report.

Animals: Dog with a bronchial carcinoma.

Two cases of bradyarrhythmia and hypotension after extradural injections in dogs.

Observations: Two healthy obese, seven-year-old, female Rottweilers weighing 40 and 57 kg were submitted for cranial cruciate repair. They were premedicated with intravenous methadone (0.1 mg kg(-1)) and acepromazine (0.

Comparison of the cardiopulmonary effects of anesthesia maintained by continuous infusion of ketamine and propofol with anesthesia maintained by inhalation of sevoflurane in goats undergoing magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To compare the cardiopulmonary effects of anesthesia maintained by continuous infusion of ketamine and propofol with anesthesia maintained by inhalation of sevoflurane in goats undergoing magnetic resonance imaging.

Animals: 8 Saanen goats.

Procedures: Goats were anesthetized twice (1-month interval) following sedation with midazolam (0.