Monoclonal antibodies targeting the FimH adhesin protect against uropathogenic UTI.

As antimicrobial resistance increases, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are expected to pose an increased burden in morbidity and expense on the healthcare system, increasing the need for alternative antibiotic-sparing treatments. Most UTIs are caused by uropathogenic (UPEC), while causes a significant portion of non-UPEC UTIs. Both bacteria express type 1 pili tipped with the mannose-binding FimH adhesin critical for UTI pathogenesis.

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron boosting induces de novo B cell response in humans.

The primary two-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine series are strongly immunogenic in humans, but the emergence of highly infectious variants necessitated additional doses and the development of vaccines aimed at the new variants. SARS-CoV-2 booster immunizations in humans primarily recruit pre-existing memory B cells. However, it remains unclear whether the additional doses induce germinal centre reactions whereby re-engaged B cells can further mature, and whether variant-derived vaccines can elicit responses to variant-specific epitopes.

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron boosting induces de novo B cell response in humans.

The primary two-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine series are strongly immunogenic in humans, but the emergence of highly infectious variants necessitated additional doses of these vaccines and the development of new variant-derived ones . SARS-CoV-2 booster immunizations in humans primarily recruit pre-existing memory B cells (MBCs) . It remains unclear, however, whether the additional doses induce germinal centre (GC) reactions where reengaged B cells can further mature and whether variant-derived vaccines can elicit responses to novel epitopes specific to such variants.