Foam fractionation methods in aerobic fermentation processes.

Inherently occurring foam formation during aerobic fermentation of surface-active compounds can be exploited by fractionating the foam. This also serves as the first downstream processing step for product concentration and is used for in situ product recovery. Compared to other foam prevention methods, it does not interfere with fermentation parameters or alter broth composition.

Development and characterization of simple sequence repeat markers for the invasive tetraploid waterweed (Hydrocharitaceae).

Premise Of The Study: To enhance the understanding of the recent invasion process of the clonal waterweed (Hydrocharitaceae), analyses of population structure and genotypic diversity need to be undertaken, for which genetic markers are needed.

Methods And Results: High-throughput sequencing of DNA enriched for microsatellites was used to develop 24 loci that were characterized in , 21 of which were polymorphic, with the number of alleles ranging from two to 10. In two populations, expected heterozygosity ranged among loci between zero and 0.