Human granulosa cells: insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors and aromatase expression modulation by metformin.

Background/aim: Granulosa cells are the source of the most important ovarian steroids. Even in patients without significant improvement in metabolic parameters, metformin has apparently an important effect on the ovary. The aim of this study was to evaluate gene and protein expression of an insulin receptor (IR), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) receptor (IGF1R) and aromatase in granulosa cells treated with metformin and insulin.

Impact of tubal ligation on ovarian reserve as measured by anti-Müllerian hormone levels: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Tubal ligation (TL) is considered a very efficient contraceptive method. However, some patients complain of a variety of postoperative symptoms. The objective of this study was to investigate whether ovarian reserve may change after tubal ligation.