Cognitive changes in post-stroke depression patients undergoing treatment with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): an exploratory, ancillary analysis of a randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial.

Objective: Post-stroke depression (PSD) affects approximately 40% of stroke survivors, with cognitive deficits being frequently observed. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has shown promise in improving cognitive performance in stroke patients. We explored the effects of tDCS on cognitive performance in PSD.

Association of Current and Long-Term Estradiol Use with Carotid Intima Media Thickness Among Transgender Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: Epidemiologic studies suggest that the transgender population has a higher burden of cardiovascular (CV) disease. We aimed to assess CV risk and investigate the relationship between estradiol (E2) or ethinylestradiol (EE) use and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) in transgender women.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis nested into a transgender-specific cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from August 2015 to February 2018.

Serum folate levels, but not vitamin B12, are associated with slower progression in carotid intima-media thickness in a population exposed to mandatory folic acid fortification.

Background&aims: Folate and vitamin B12 are vitamins involved in one carbon metabolism. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a non-invasive test and an early atherosclerosis marker. The relationship between these vitamins and cIMT is not well established.

Associations Between Polyphenol Intake, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Metabolic Syndrome in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Background: Fruit- and vegetable-rich diets may protect against metabolic syndrome (MetS), partly due to their high polyphenol content.

Objectives: This study examined the association between dietary polyphenol intake, MetS risk, and cardiometabolic factors in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Methods: A total of 6387 participants (mean age 49.

Global voices on atrial fibrillation management: Brazil.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke are prevalent conditions worldwide, and the AF burden is expected to concentrate in low- and middle-income countries like Brazil. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence-funded Global Health Research Group on Atrial Fibrillation Management (GHRG-AF) had a Brazilian arm that addressed AF epidemiology and care in Brazil. GHRG-AF analyzed data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), a long-term cohort of 15,105 middle-aged adults in Brazil, focused on cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Associations of comorbid headache disorders and depression with leisure-time physical activity among 14,088 adults in The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.

Background: While headache disorders are linked to low physical activity levels, the impact of depression on this relationship is unclear.

Objective: To assess how single and comorbid diagnoses of migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) interact with depression and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) levels in The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis based on the ELSA-Brasil baseline data, the relationship of migraine, TTH (both assessed with the International Classification of Headache Disorders, Second Edition), and depression (assessed with the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised) with LTPA levels (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) was investigated by employing linear regression models.

Prospective association between the Cardiovascular Health Diet Index and subclinical atherosclerosis: the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) cohort study.

The Cardiovascular Health Diet Index (CHDI) is a diet quality score based on the dietary guidelines of the American Heart Association for cardiovascular health but with some adaptations, such as red meat, dairy products, beans and ultra-processed foods in its components. The CHDI has shown good relative validity parameters; however, its association with health outcomes is still unclear. Thus, our aim was to investigate the association between the CHDI score with subclinical atherosclerosis.

Higher Ultraprocessed Food Consumption Is Associated With Depression Persistence and Higher Risk of Depression Incidence in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.

Background: Ultraprocessed foods (UPF) consumption has been associated with depression risk, but its association with depression persistence is unclear.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of UPF consumption with depression persistence and incidence.

Design: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health is a multicenter prospective cohort study with 3 waves (2008-2010, 2012-2014, and 2017-2019).

Negative life events and depression by gender in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brazil).

Objective: Gender differences may interfere with the association between Negative Life Events (NLEs) and prevalent/incident depression. This study evaluated the effect of gender in this association using data from the ELSA-Brazil cohort.

Methods: The authors analyzed 15,088 participants (mean age, 52.

The effect of age on the relationship between negative life events and current and new depressive episodes: results from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Background: There is scarce data concerning the relationship between negative life events (NLEs)* and current and new depressive episodes by age.

Methods: Cross-sectional (baseline) and prospective analyses (4-year/8-year follow-ups) were performed in 15,105 civil servants in 6 cities in Brazil classified according to age strata at baseline: 1st(35-44), 2nd(45-54), 3rd(55-64), and 4th(65-74) years. The independent variable was NLEs in the last year (robbery, hospitalization, death of a relative, financial hardship, and rupture of a love relationship) collected at baseline.

Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Alanine, and Thyroid Function: A Cross-Sectional, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-Based Approach from ELSA-Brasil.

The association of thyroid function with essential and non-essential amino acids is understudied, despite their common metabolic roles. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the association of thyroid function with the levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs-leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and of alanine in the general population. We utilized data from the São Paulo research center of ELSA-Brasil, a longitudinal population-based cohort study.

Are Neighborhood Greenspaces Associated with Leisure-time Physical Activity? Results from ELSA-Brasil Eight-year Follow-up.

We investigated whether neighborhood greenspaces were associated with physical activity in adulthood over 3 cohort visits after considering perceived safety and neighborhood contextual factors. We also evaluated whether the association with greenspace varied by neighborhood socioeconomic status. Participants (N = 4,800) from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) residing in two Brazilian state capitals were evaluated in Visits 1 (2008-2010), 2 (2012-2014) and 3 (2017-2019).

Biomarker panels for fruit intake assessment: a metabolomics analysis in the ELSA-Brasil study.

Introduction: Food intake biomarkers are used to estimate dietary exposure; however, selecting a single biomarker to evaluate a specific dietary component is difficult due to the overlap of diverse compounds from different foods. Therefore, combining two or more biomarkers can increase the sensitivity and specificity of food intake estimates.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of metabolite panels to distinguish between self-reported fruit consumers and non-consumers among participants in the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.

High triglyceride-glucose index and HOMA-IR are associated with different cardiometabolic profile in adults from the ELSA-Brasil study.

Background And Aims: Insulin resistance (IR) is a risk factor for several cardiometabolic disorders; however, there is conflicting evidence about the reliability of certain IR markers. In this context, the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) has been proposed as a surrogate marker for IR. This study aimed to compare the TyG index and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

Effect of VAChT reduction on lung alterations induced by exposure to iron particles in an asthma model.

Introduction: Pollution harms the health of people with asthma. The effect of the anti-inflammatory cholinergic pathway in chronic allergic inflammation associated to pollution is poorly understood.

Methods: One hundred eight animals were divided into 18 groups (6 animals).

Association Between Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and Cognitive Decline: Findings From the ELSA-Brasil Study.

Background: Thyroid dysfunction has been associated with cognitive decline and dementia. However, the role of subtle thyroid hormone alterations in cognitive function is still debatable.

Methods: Participants without overt thyroid dysfunction aged 35-74 years at baseline were evaluated in 3 study waves (2008-2010, 2012-2014, and 2017-2019).

Association between leisure-time physical activity and arterial stiffness in adults of the ELSA-Brasil study: a mediation analysis.

Objectives: We aimed at defining the direct and the mediated pathways for the association between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), and also to identify whether these effects are influenced by sex and age.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from 13 718 adults (35-74 years) were obtained at the baseline of the ELSA-Brasil study. The cf-PWV was obtained by measuring the pulse transit time and the distance traveled by the pulse between the carotid and the femoral, as well as clinical and anthropometric parameters were measured.

Does physical activity and inflammation mediate the job stress-headache relationship? A sequential mediation analysis in the ELSA-Brasil study.

Background: Evidence indicates that physical activity reduces stress and promote a myriad of health-enhancing effects through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. However, it is unknown whether these mechanisms interfere in the association between psychosocial job stress and headache disorders.

Objective: To test whether physical activity and its interplay with the systemic inflammation biomarkers high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and acute phase glycoproteins (GlycA) would mediate the associations between job stress and headache disorders.

TSH Trajectories During Levothyroxine Treatment in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) Cohort.

Context: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) trajectory classification represents a novel approach to defining the adequacy of levothyroxine (LT4) treatment for hypothyroidism over time.

Objective: This is a proof of principle study that uses longitudinal clinical data, including thyroid hormone levels from a large prospective study to define classes of TSH trajectories and examine changes in cardiovascular (CV) health markers over the study period.

Methods: Growth mixture modeling (GMM), including latent class growth analysis (LCGA), was used to classify LT4-treated individuals participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) based on serial TSH levels.

Associations of TSH, free T3, free T4, and conversion ratio with incident hypertension: results from the prospective Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Objective: To evaluate the association of TSH, free T3 (FT3), free T4 (FT4), and conversion (FT3:FT4) ratio values with incident hypertension.

Materials And Methods: The study included data from participants of the ELSA-Brasil study without baseline hypertension. Serum TSH, FT4 and FT3 levels, and FT3:FT4 ratio values were assessed at baseline, and incident hypertension (defined by blood pressure levels ≥ 140/90 mmHg) was estimated over a median of 8.