Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Detection of Leprosy in Micro-Regions with a High Risk of Illness in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Background: Leprosy control remains challenging in Brazil and has been aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiological scenario of leprosy through the detection rate of new cases, the risk of illness, and the hidden prevalence of leprosy according to high-risk micro-region in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Methods: An ecological study conducted in the health micro-regions of Minas Gerais, using data on new leprosy cases diagnosed between 2015 and 2023.

Self-perceived oral health among Brazilian university students: a cross-sectional study.

This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the self-perceived oral health of young university students at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora and identify the associated factors. Data were collected in 2021 using a self-administered questionnaire containing questions on students' sociodemographic variables and oral health. Binary logistic regression was applied in the multivariate analysis using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software (version 20.

Cluster-Based Multinomial Logistic Regression Model for Health-Related Quality of Life Among People Living with HIV in Brazil.

Improvement in treatment options has increased the survival of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Thus, we evaluated the factors associated with better health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among PLHIV in Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study carried out among 349 PLHIV.

Oral manifestations of syphilis: Knowledge and skills of senior dental students and newly graduated dentists.

Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge of senior dental students and newly graduated dentists about the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of oral manifestations of syphilis.

Materials And Methods: A 32-question questionnaire was designed with three domains: (I) demographic, academic and professional data of the participants, (II) attitudes, practices and self-perception regarding training about syphilis and (III) knowledge about syphilis. All knowledge responses were classified as correct or incorrect.

Factors associated with recent and regular non-use of dental services by students from a university in southeastern Brazil: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Lack of use of dental services can be a risk factor for oral health. In addition to recent visits to dental services, it is important to assess the regularity of use of these services, as well as the motivations for visiting the dentist. There is a gap in literature studies on the patterns of use of oral health services by the young university students.

Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms in women deprived of liberty in Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil.

Psychological distress and developing mental disorders in prisons are globally recognized public health issues. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of these symptoms and associated factors in 99 women over 18 years of age in the provisional, closed, and semi-open regimes in Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil. This cross-sectional census study collected data face-to-face through a semi-structured and multidimensional questionnaire.

Analgesia and Side Effects of Codeine Phosphate Associated with Paracetamol Versus Oxycodone After the Extraction of Mandibular Third Molars: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial Using the Split-Mouth Model.

Purpose: To assess the analgesia and side effects of 10 mg oxycodone as compared to 30 mg of codeine phosphate associated with 500 mg of paracetamol after bilateral lower third molar extraction.

Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind study applied to a sample of 16 patients. They were evaluated for seven days postoperatively, and the mean score of the visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain between test and control medications was assessed by the Wilcoxon distribution.

Cytology-based Screening for Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Immunocompetent Brazilian Women with a History of High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Cancer.

Objective:  To determine the prevalence and possible variables associated with anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal cancer in immunocompetent women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Methods:  A cross-sectional study involving immunocompetent women with a histological diagnosis of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer, conducted between January 2016 and September 2020. All women underwent anal cytology and answered a questionnaire on characterization and potential risk factors.

Knowledge about oral cancer among dental students and Primary Health Care dentists: A Brazilian study.

Purpose/objectives: The present study aims to evaluate the knowledge of dental students and dentists who work in Primary Health Care (PHC). These are professionals who work in the public basic health units regarding oral cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

Methods: A cross-sectional and observational Brazilian study was conducted.

Heart rate variability in men with lower urinary tract symptoms: a case-control study.

Purpose: Measurement of heart rate variability (HRV) allows evaluation of autonomic nervous system activity. Decreased HRV is associated with autonomic disbalance, poor health and higher mortality. Our objective is to evaluate the HRV in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) through a case-control study.

COVID-19's intra-urban inequalities and social vulnerability in a medium-sized city.

Background: Social conditions are related to the impact of epidemics on human populations. This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of cases, hospitalizations, and deaths from COVID-19 and its association with social vulnerability.

Methods: An ecological study was conducted in 81 urban regions (UR) of Juiz de Fora from March to November 2020.

Epidemiological characteristics and adherence of a cohort of elderly people with HIV/AIDS in the Public Health System.

Objective: To characterize the epidemiological profile of patients aged 50 years or older diagnosed as HIV/AIDS, in a Specialized Service of the Public Health System.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using secondary data from medical records in the period 2014 to 2018. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and features related to treatment adherence were organized in a database.

Text messaging interventions to support smoking cessation among hospitalized patients in Brazil: a randomized comparative effectiveness clinical trial.

Objective: A clinical trial carried out in patients hospitalized for clinical and surgical conditions. This study evaluated the effectiveness of text messaging interventions (TM) versus telephone counseling (TC) to promote smoking cessation among hospitalized smokers in a middle-income country. Seven-day abstinence was measured during follow-up phone calls one month after discharge.

Fast, simple and cheap: method modified from conventional cultivation for tuberculosis diagnosis allows seeding on Löwenstein-Jensen of any swab-embedded pulmonary samples decontaminated with sodium hydroxide.

Background: Few tuberculosis (TB) control programmes in low-income countries have access to culture facilities in their primary care diagnostic centres and this scenario may have worsened with the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Thus the aim was to develop and evaluate a simpler TB test that allows seeding on Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium of several swab-embedded samples decontaminated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

Methods: A cotton swab containing each sample was decontaminated in NaOH before being dipped into a slightly acidic solution to neutralize the pH in order to allow the culture to develop on LJ medium.

Self-Perceived Impact of Oral Health on the Quality of Life of Women Deprived of Their Liberty.

Background: Prison units are marked by structural deficiencies, especially in relation to the female gender.

Objectives: To measure the self-perceived impact of oral health on the quality of life of Brazilian women in detention. .

Promoting cessation in hospitalized smoking patients: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to evaluate high intensity post-discharge follow-up strategies to promote smoking cessation in hospitalized patients. METHODS A systematic review was performed, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA - P) protocol. The databases used for research were: PubMed, LILACS/BIREME, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane and Scielo.

Analysis of Conization Results in Patients undergoing Hysterectomy for Uterine Adenocarcinoma.

Objective:  To observe if the histopathological result of a conization performed after cervical adenocarcinoma in situ diagnosis is compatible with the histopathological analysis of a subsequent hysterectomy.

Methods:  The present descriptive and observational research consisted of the analysis of the medical records of 42 patients who were diagnosed with in situ adenocarcinoma postconization. The analysis consisted of whether there was compatibility between the histopathological reports of conization and hysterectomy and if there was an association between adenocarcinoma in situ and another neoplasia (squamous disease).

Analysis of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance and sociodemographic and clinical aspects of patients admitted in a referral hospital.

Objective: To determine the occurrence of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance and its association with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients in a referral hospital.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on data from patients who had mycobacterial culture identified and defined antimicrobials sensitivity profile (June 2014 to February 2016). The descriptive statistical analysis and Fisher's exact test were used to compare proportions.

Brazilian adolescents' perception of the orthodontic appliance: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment has a significant impact on the quality of life and self-esteem of adolescents, with emotional and behavioral implications. The objective of this research was to understand Brazilian adolescents' perception of the orthodontic treatment.

Methods: A qualitative research study was carried out through content analysis of data collected from 142 adolescents using the word-association technique (WAT), followed by 8 focus groups with 71 of these students.

Plain access to justice and the orthodontist's activity in Brazil: vulnerability in the professional practice in the face of risks of malpractice lawsuits.

Objective: the present study aimed at evaluating the risks and vulnerability of orthodontists to legal compensation actions and verifying the hypothesis of these health care professionals having little knowledge concerning their rights and obligations as service providers.

Methods: Three groups were formed to participate in a semi-structured interview. The first group had thirteen law professionals, the second group was composed of eleven orthodontists and the third group was made up of nine randomly selected orthodontic patients.

Evidence in Orthodontics related to qualitative research.

Introduction: Research in Orthodontics has historically followed the positivist model based on the direct relationship of cause and effect between diseases and their specific etiological factors. Despite the objectivity and the great potential of statistical procedures, quantitative methods have progressively been sharing space with other models that can encompass the multiplicity of factors that affect the health-disease process, which until such time was reduced to its biological dimension.

Objectives: This study aims, through an integrative review, to identify orthodontics articles published over a 10-year period that have used, exclusively or not, some method of qualitative research, and analyze the main aspects of their content.

Comparison between Ogawa-Kudoh and modified Petroff techniques for mycobacteria cultivation in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective: To compare the performance of the Ogawa-Kudoh method with the modified Petroff technique in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Methods: A total of 205 sputum samples from 166 patients with clinical suspicion or under pulmonary tuberculosis follow-up, seen at a public tertiary care hospital, from July 2014 to July 2016 were used. All samples were simultaneously processed using the Ogawa-Kudoh and modified Petroff decontamination methods, according to the recommendations of the Ministry of Health.